Unit 1 What’s the matter?
一、基礎(chǔ)知識
1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？
【解析】matter/ ' mætə(r)) /n.問題；事情
What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了？
【注】： matter 和trouble 為名詞， 其前可加the 或形容詞性物主代詞，wrong 是adj. 不能加the
【用法】用于詢問某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻煩、問題其后跟詢問對象時， 與介詞with連用。即：
What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?
— What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold.
2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒
have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache頭疼
3. 身體部位+ache（疼痛）構(gòu)成新的復合詞
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛
4. much too+ 形容詞，意為 太...... ，too much+名詞，意為 很多，大量 。
5. enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足夠好，enough money=much money
6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺著，過去式lay；lie說謊，過去式lied
7. maybe “或許”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.
may be，是情態(tài)動詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“可能，也許”，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。He may be angry.
sound like+名詞代詞和從句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth.
It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容詞，“聽起來，好像”，The music sounds nice.
9. need 需要，實義動詞need+名詞，需要某物；
need to do sth.需要做某事，主語通常是人，表示人主動的動作：You need to listen carefully during class.
need doing sth.主語通常是物，表示被動的動作：Your dirty clothes need washing.
10. get off (the bus) 下（公交車） get on 上車
11. agree 同意，贊同；
agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某人的意見 如：I agree to LiLei.
12. trouble問題，麻煩 ；be in trouble遇到麻煩，make trouble 制造麻煩 ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做......有麻煩。
13. right away=right now=at once，意為 馬上 。
14. advice [不可數(shù)名詞]勸告，建議，向…征求意見， give sb. advice on sth.就某事給某人建議； advise [動詞] advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事
advise sb. doing sth.
【復習】exercise 練習、鍛煉
當exercise意為“練習”時，為可數(shù)名詞 即可加s
當exercise意為“鍛煉”時，為不可數(shù)名詞 即不加s
16. hurt 及物動詞，使……疼痛，……受傷，He hurt his leg while exercising.
不及物動詞，……（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly.
clean 【動詞】打掃，clean the classroom打掃教室，【形容詞】 干凈的 ，cleaner意為 清潔工 。
18. hit （用手或器具）打；擊打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.
hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on用在所打較硬的部位；
hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打較軟的部位。
be used to sth./ doing sth.習慣于、適應了……、做某事，強調(diào)狀態(tài)；His grandpa was used to country life.
Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.
get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “變得習慣，逐漸適應……”強調(diào)過程、動作：
It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.
20. 【復習】free [形容詞]空閑的free time；免費的the drink is for free；自由的I want to become a free bird.
free【動詞】使……解脫，得到自由：He could not free his arm.
run out用完，用盡 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
物sth. run out. 某物用盡了。
人sb. run out of sth. 人用盡了某物。He run out of all his money last night.
22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒險去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒險
23. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of (learning) English.
importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的
decision 【名詞】決定；抉擇； make a decision 做決定 ;
make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。
25. be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.
be out of control無法控制，無法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中
26. 【復習】mind意為 介意 ，mind doing sth. 介意做某事 ,
Would you mind my opening the window?
27. give up (doing) sth. 放棄（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；
give up后可接名詞、代詞和動詞ing形式，也可不接，如: Never give up easily.
二、重點語法
【反身代詞】英語中共有八個反身代詞，在使用時應注意和它所指的相應的對象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。
數(shù) 人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
單數(shù) myself yourself himself herself itself
復數(shù) ourselves yourselves themselves
【用法】
1. 可用作賓語，指的是賓語和主語表示同一個或同一些的人或事物。
如：Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well.
2. 可用作表語，指的是表語和主語表示同一個或同一些人或事物。 如： She isn’t quite herself today.
3. 可用作主語或賓語的同位語，常用來加強語氣。
如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week.
4. 用在某些固定短語當中。
look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顧自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自學
enjoy oneself 玩得高興，過得愉快
help oneself to sth 請自用……（隨便吃/喝些……）.
hurt oneself摔傷自己
say to oneself自言自語
leave sb. by oneself把某人單獨留下
buy oneself sth.給自己買……東西
introduce oneself 介紹……自己
【提醒】
1. 反身代詞不能單獨做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強調(diào)作用。 如：我自己能完成作業(yè)。
（誤）Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
2. 反身代詞表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的東西”，因為它沒有所有格的形式。表達“某人自己的（東西）”時，須要用one’s own.
如：我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。（誤）I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks
一、基本知識點
1. sick 生病的，有病的；可在句中作表語Mary could not come because she is sick.
也可作定語a sick child
【區(qū)別ill】ill與sick同義；但是只在句中做表語，不做定語。Mary could not come because she is ill.
2. cheer (sb.) up（讓某人）變得高興；振奮起來The good news cheered up everyone in our class.
3. give out分發(fā)；散發(fā)，相當于hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.
give sth. out to sb. 意為 把某物分發(fā)給某人 。
4. volunteer 【名詞】志愿者 【動詞】義務(wù)做，自愿做（某事）volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 ，
The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.
5. used to do sth.過去/曾經(jīng)(常)做某事，表示過去的習慣、動作或狀態(tài)，并強調(diào)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再存在或發(fā)生。
There used to be a cinema here. 這里曾有一個照相機。
They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他們告訴我關(guān)于這里過去的故事。
6. alone 【形容詞】獨自一人的，無感情色彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.
lonely （感到）孤獨寂寞的，帶有很強的感情色彩，可做表語或定語。The lonely boy is not lonely now.
7. care for sb./sth.照顧；照料……
care 【名詞】小心，關(guān)心take care of=look after →【動詞】care about sb./sth.關(guān)心，在意某人/事
→【形容詞】careful 仔細的 / careless 粗心的 →【副詞】carefully 仔細地
8. such “這樣的，這種，如此”，用于修飾名詞
such+ a/ an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞：such a good day 多么美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多么 精彩的比賽
such+形容詞+復數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞：such important decisions 多么重要的建議 such delicious food 多么美味的食物
如果名詞前被many, much, few, little修飾時，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time
9. try out for…參加…選拔，爭取成為…Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.
try out試用，試驗
10. journey 【名詞】（尤指長途）旅行，行程；trip【名詞】多指短途旅行；
travel【名詞、動詞】travel around the world →【名詞】traveler旅行者
11.【復習】be busy with sth. 忙于（做）什么事情 be busy doing sth. 忙于（做）什么事情
12.【復習】try doing sth. 試著去做某事 try to do sth. 盡力去做某事 try one’s best (to do sth.) 盡某人的努力去做某事
13.【復習】be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 擔心某人、某事
14. raise money集資，籌錢；raise money for…為……籌錢
raise【動詞】舉起；提高；募集
15. keep【動詞】keep+名詞，保留（某物）；keep+形容詞，保持
16.【形容詞】broken破損的，出毛病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聾的；disabled有殘疾的，喪失能力的；在句中做定語和表語。
make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.使（某人）做某事成為可能，
You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
make it +形容詞(+for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成為…；
think/find it +形容詞to do sth.
18. make a difference to…對……有影響；對……有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修飾，如
The rain made no difference to the game.
Hard-working makes much difference to study.
19. difficulty【可數(shù)/不可數(shù)】表示抽象意義的“困難”時為不可數(shù)；表示具體的“難題、難事”時為可數(shù)；
have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困難
20. train【動詞】訓練，trained為過去分詞，可做定語，意為“受過訓練的”a trained dog
21. be excited about sth. 對某事感到興奮 ，Everyone is excited about the good news.
【復習】excited意為 興奮的，修飾人；exciting意為 令人興奮/激動的，修飾物。
22. order【名詞】命令，指示；順序，次序【動詞】訂購；點（菜）follow the order。
23. change【動詞】變化，改變It’s hard for a person to change his life(style). 【名詞】變化；零錢
change A for B用A換成B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.
repair 【動詞】修理，修補； fix【動詞】安裝；使固定 【fix up修理=repair】
Unit3 Could you please clean your room? Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？ Could you please do sth ?請你（做）......好嗎？ 用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。 Could 不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法?；卮鹩胏an. 【常用答語】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem. 否定回答： Sorry , I can’t 2、take out 取出（v+ adv） 【注】: 跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間；跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊 His teeth hurt badly. The dentist take them out . 【短語】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走 take back 收回 take place 發(fā)生 take off 脫下； 起飛 3. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盤子嗎？ do the dishes 洗碗 【結(jié)構(gòu)1】do the +名詞： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服 【結(jié)構(gòu)2】do the +動詞-ing do the cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生 【結(jié)構(gòu)3】do one’s + 名詞 do one’s housework/ homework 做家務(wù)/家庭作業(yè) 【結(jié)構(gòu)4】do some +動詞-ing do some reading/ shopping 讀寫書/購物 Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少讓我看完這個節(jié)目可以嗎？ 1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做......嗎？ 用于表達請求，語氣比較委婉。 Could I go out with my classmate this weekend? 2】at least 至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 至少，不超過 Now all of us exercise at least an hour a day and outside school. 3】finish v 結(jié)束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事 — Can you finish __reading__ these books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can. 5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我覺得你看兩個小時的電視已經(jīng)足夠了。 1】two hours of TV 表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 How time is flies! Three years __is_____(be) really a short time. 足夠的，充分的（在句中作定語或表語） 【解析2】enough I don’t have enough money with me. 足夠；充分（放在形容詞；副詞后）The river is deep enough for swimming. 【記】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others. 【注意】enough 修飾名詞時，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時，置于形容詞之后。 6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes? 你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎？ 【解析】take out 拿出；取出 take 的用法： Please take some books to the classroom. Take this medicine three times a day. take They usually take the bus to work. It takes me two hours to do my homework every day. 【拓展】take 構(gòu)成的短語： take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顧 take off 脫下；起飛 take up 占據(jù) take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急；慢慢來 take one’s temperature 量體溫 7. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over . 我剛坐在電視機前面，我媽媽就過來了。 【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一...... 就......” Please write to me the minute you get there. 【解析2】 in front of 指在物體外部的前面 There is a bike in front of the classroom. 【辨析】 指在物體內(nèi)部的前面 Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 【記】 The driver sat _____in the front of___________ the car. The policeman stood ___in front of________ the car. 【注意】有the無the區(qū)別大： at table 吃飯；進餐 in hospital 住院 at the tabel 在桌邊 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院（不一定看病） 【解析3】come over 過來 【拓展】 come 短語： come across（偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn) come back 回來 come up with想出 come true實現(xiàn) come down下來 come from=be from來自,出生于 come in/into進入,進來 come on趕快,加油 come along走吧,過來,快點 come and go來來去去 come up上來 come out出來，(花)開，(照片)沖洗出來 7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! 你總是看電視，從不幫忙做家務(wù)！ all the time = always 一直；總是 8. I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你一樣累！ 【解析】as...as ... 和......一樣...... 9. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I. 一周的時間，她不做任何家務(wù)，我也不做。 【解析】neither +助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +主語 “某人（主語） 也不” ⑴ neither兩者都不 neither …nor… 既不…也不…,連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞由后一個主語確定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student ⑵ 表達“…也不……” 則用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主” —The first one wasn’t bad. — Neither was the second. 10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy. 第二天，媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔。 【解析】find +賓語+賓語補足語 【注】find → found →found v尋找 (1) find sb. doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事 (2) find it + adj. + to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很…… ◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難 She found _it__ hard to finish the work by herself. 11. She asked in surprise.她吃驚地問道。 【解析】in surprise 驚奇地；吃驚地 surprise v 使吃驚→surprising adj. 令人吃驚的 →surprised adj. 吃驚的 to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是 in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對……感到吃驚 To my surprise_(使我吃驚的是），he got the first prize in the exam. 12. “ I’m do sorry, Mom. I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied. “對不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔家務(wù)?！?我回答說。 【解析1】need v 需要 用于肯定句，是實義動詞。 (1)人做主語，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事 (2)物做主語，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done ①Students need ___to have_______(have) a good rest in studying. ②The watch needs__mending___(mend). 用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動詞 (1)needn’t = don’t have to 沒有必要 (2)need ,must 引導的一般疑問句，肯定會的用must,否定回答用needn’t — Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t 【解析2】share 分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb. 與某人分享某物 (All his friends __Shared___ his happiness when he won the match. 13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎？ 【解析】hang out 閑逛 hang up 把......懸掛/掛起 14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎？ 【解析】pass ⑴v 給；遞；走過；通過 pass sb.sth 把某物遞給某 Pass on 傳遞 Please pass the paper on to the other students. ⑵ v 通過；路過 I pass your home. ⑶ v 通過（考試） ；及格 Tom can pass his math exam. 15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本書看嗎、 Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些錢嗎？ 【解析】borrow /lend/keep (1)borrow 借入 ,與from 連用，尤指主語“【借進來”】 borrow sth from sb. 從某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library. (2)lend 借出 ,與to 搭配 【指借出去】 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others. (3)keep 保留，保存（延續(xù)動詞，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用）【指借一段時間】 【記】 I want to __borrow__ a bike from my friend but he didn’t _lend___ it to me, because Tom had _kept____ it for two days. 16. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet. 我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕。 【解析】try (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事。 try v 試圖，設(shè)法，努力 【拓展】 (1)try on 試穿 (2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【側(cè)重盡力做】 (3) try doing sth 試圖做某事 【側(cè)重嘗試做】 (4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 盡某人努力做某事 17. I hate to do chores. 我討厭做家務(wù)。 hate to do sth 討厭做某事, 表示某次具體行為或動作。 I hate to trouble him. hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示經(jīng)?；蛄晳T性行為或動作。 She hates smoking in her room. 18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能請求你幫我做些雜活嗎？ 【解析】ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。 ask for 請求，要某物 ask sb. about sth 向某人詢問關(guān)于某事 (1)ask sb. for help 向某人請求幫助 (2) ask sb. (not) to do sth請求某人做某事 ask構(gòu)成的短語： 短語 含義 ask sb. to do sth 請某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth 不讓某人做某事 ask sb for sth 向某人要某物 ask for help 尋求幫助 19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. 當你幫我洗盤子的時候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)。 【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事 — Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? — Yes, I can. 【解析2】while conj. “在……期間； 當……的時候” While 引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)動詞。 _While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach. 【解析3】help sb. with sth. 在某事上幫助某人。 【注】help v 幫助 → helpful adj. 有幫助的 (1)help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事 (2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的幫助之下 (3)without the help of 沒有在…的幫助之下 ①I think reading is very __helpful____(help). ② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief. 20. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎？ 【解析】invite sb. to Sp. 邀請某人去某地 【解析】invite v → invitation n邀請 (1) invite sb. to do sth 邀請某人做某事 (2)invite sb. to +地點 邀請某人去某地 21.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home. 我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務(wù)和雜務(wù)。 【解析】make sb. do sth 讓某人做某事 make → made →made v. 做， 制作， 使得 (1) make sb/sth + 形容詞 “讓某人或某物…” make you happy (2) make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh. Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep. 22.They don’t have time to study and do housework，too. 他們也沒有時間來學習家務(wù)和做家務(wù)。 【解析】have time to do sth.有時間做某事 have time =be free 有空 23. Housework is a waste of their time. 做家務(wù)是在浪費他們的時間。 【解析】a waste of 浪費 a waste of time 浪費時間 a waste of money 浪費金錢 waste v “浪費” waste time/money on sth waste time / money (in) doing sth 在做某事上花費時間/金錢 Don’t ____waste______water. Can’t you see the sign “save water”? 24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. 為了取得好成績并考上一所好大學，他們應該把時間用在學習上。 【解析1】spend... on sth 在某事上花費...... spend/pay/cost/take 花費 (1)spend→spent→spent v 花費,主語是人 ◆ sb.+ spend +時間/錢+on sth ◆sb. +spend +時間/錢+（in） doing sth ◆spend on= pay for 支付 He spends too much time on the computer games. Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever. My father __spent___ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car. (2) pay →paid →paid v 支付，主語是人 ◆sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book. — How much did you __pay__ for this computer? — Five hundred dollars. (3) cost→ cost→ cost v 花費，主語是某物或某事 ◆sth cost sb. +錢 某物花費某人多少錢 A new computer costs me a lot of money. I bought a new sweater last weekend. It ___cost_ me 120 yuan. (4)take→took → taken v 花費 ◆It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費某人多長時間 It takes him 3 hours to do his homework. 【解析2】in order to “目的是；為了” 后接動詞原形。 in order to do sth 為了做某事 He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting. 【解析3】get into =enter 進入 【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語： get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服 get dressed穿衣 get into進入 get/be lost丟失 get off/on下/上車 get on well with sb.與某人相處得好 get out of從…出來 get warm 變曖 get ready for +n.為…做準備 get ready to do sth.準備做某事 get well康復 get a chance 有機會、得到機會 get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相關(guān)：(be asleep睡著) 25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now. 而且，當他們長大的時候，他們也將會做家務(wù)，因此，他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做。 【解析】get older 長大 get/ become/ go辨析： ⑴ get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級連用。 The days are getting longer and longer. ⑵ become 強調(diào)變化的結(jié)果 It's becoming colder and colder. ⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad變壞，go blind變瞎，go hungry挨餓 26. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家為孩子們提供一個干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務(wù)。 【解析】provide sth. for sb. 為某人提供某物 provide v 提供 provide sb. with sth. (sb 前介詞用for) =provide sth for sb.( sth 前需加介詞with)供應某人某物 相當于：offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb. provide 為應急等做好準備而“提供； 供給” provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.提供某人某物 offer 側(cè)重表示“愿意給予” offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.對某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主動提出干某事 supply 定期“供應” , 強調(diào)替代或補充所需物品 Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 為某人提供某物 ①The Internet provides us _with__a lot of _information___we need. ② —Could you please provide us _with___ some information about the students’ health? — Of course, it’s my pleasure. 27. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 無論如何，我認為做家務(wù)并不那么難。 【解析】anyway 無論如何, (一般放在句首，用逗號和句子隔開） 28. I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. 我認為對孩子們來說，學習如何做雜務(wù)并幫助他們的父母做家務(wù)是很重要的。 【解析】It is important for sb. to do sth. 對某人來說做某事是重要的 29. Children these days depend on their parents too much. 現(xiàn)在的孩子太依賴他們的父母。 【解析】depend on 依靠；信賴 —— Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —— Well, it all ___depends on____ the weather. 30. ... Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. 每個人都有責任保持家里的干凈和整潔。 【解析1】 do one’s part 盡職責；盡本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上盡職責 【解析2】keep +sth /sb. +adj. “使......處于某種狀態(tài)” Her mother asked her to keep the windows __open__ and the door __closed__. keep 系動詞 “保持” keep + adj . We must keep healthy. 實義動詞 “保持；繼續(xù)” (1) keep ( on ) doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working He kept on __ talking__ after the ball rang for class. (2) keep sb. Doing sth 讓某人一直做某事 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. My teacher kept me __doing___ homework all the afternoon. 31. Doi
Unit3 Could you please clean your room? Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？ Could you please do sth ?請你（做）......好嗎？ 用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。 Could 不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法?；卮鹩胏an. 【常用答語】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem. 否定回答： Sorry , I can’t 2、take out 取出（v+ adv） 【注】: 跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間；跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊 His teeth hurt badly. The dentist take them out . 【短語】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走 take back 收回 take place 發(fā)生 take off 脫下； 起飛 3. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盤子嗎？ do the dishes 洗碗 【結(jié)構(gòu)1】do the +名詞： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服 【結(jié)構(gòu)2】do the +動詞-ing do the cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生 【結(jié)構(gòu)3】do one’s + 名詞 do one’s housework/ homework 做家務(wù)/家庭作業(yè) 【結(jié)構(gòu)4】do some +動詞-ing do some reading/ shopping 讀寫書/購物 Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少讓我看完這個節(jié)目可以嗎？ 1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做......嗎？ 用于表達請求，語氣比較委婉。 Could I go out with my classmate this weekend? 2】at least 至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 至少，不超過 Now all of us exercise at least an hour a day and outside school. 3】finish v 結(jié)束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事 — Can you finish __reading__ these books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can. 5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我覺得你看兩個小時的電視已經(jīng)足夠了。 1】two hours of TV 表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 How time is flies! Three years __is_____(be) really a short time. 足夠的，充分的（在句中作定語或表語） 【解析2】enough I don’t have enough money with me. 足夠；充分（放在形容詞；副詞后）The river is deep enough for swimming. 【記】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others. 【注意】enough 修飾名詞時，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時，置于形容詞之后。 6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes? 你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎？ 【解析】take out 拿出；取出 take 的用法： Please take some books to the classroom. Take this medicine three times a day. take They usually take the bus to work. It takes me two hours to do my homework every day. 【拓展】take 構(gòu)成的短語： take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顧 take off 脫下；起飛 take up 占據(jù) take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急；慢慢來 take one’s temperature 量體溫 7. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over . 我剛坐在電視機前面，我媽媽就過來了。 【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一...... 就......” Please write to me the minute you get there. 【解析2】 in front of 指在物體外部的前面 There is a bike in front of the classroom. 【辨析】 指在物體內(nèi)部的前面 Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 【記】 The driver sat _____in the front of___________ the car. The policeman stood ___in front of________ the car. 【注意】有the無the區(qū)別大： at table 吃飯；進餐 in hospital 住院 at the tabel 在桌邊 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院（不一定看病） 【解析3】come over 過來 【拓展】 come 短語： come across（偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn) come back 回來 come up with想出 come true實現(xiàn) come down下來 come from=be from來自,出生于 come in/into進入,進來 come on趕快,加油 come along走吧,過來,快點 come and go來來去去 come up上來 come out出來，(花)開，(照片)沖洗出來 7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! 你總是看電視，從不幫忙做家務(wù)！ all the time = always 一直；總是 8. I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你一樣累！ 【解析】as...as ... 和......一樣...... 9. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I. 一周的時間，她不做任何家務(wù)，我也不做。 【解析】neither +助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +主語 “某人（主語） 也不” ⑴ neither兩者都不 neither …nor… 既不…也不…,連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞由后一個主語確定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student ⑵ 表達“…也不……” 則用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主” —The first one wasn’t bad. — Neither was the second. 10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy. 第二天，媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔。 【解析】find +賓語+賓語補足語 【注】find → found →found v尋找 (1) find sb. doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事 (2) find it + adj. + to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很…… ◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難 She found _it__ hard to finish the work by herself. 11. She asked in surprise.她吃驚地問道。 【解析】in surprise 驚奇地；吃驚地 surprise v 使吃驚→surprising adj. 令人吃驚的 →surprised adj. 吃驚的 to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是 in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對……感到吃驚 To my surprise_(使我吃驚的是），he got the first prize in the exam. 12. “ I’m do sorry, Mom. I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied. “對不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔家務(wù)?！?我回答說。 【解析1】need v 需要 用于肯定句，是實義動詞。 (1)人做主語，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事 (2)物做主語，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done ①Students need ___to have_______(have) a good rest in studying. ②The watch needs__mending___(mend). 用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動詞 (1)needn’t = don’t have to 沒有必要 (2)need ,must 引導的一般疑問句，肯定會的用must,否定回答用needn’t — Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t 【解析2】share 分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb. 與某人分享某物 (All his friends __Shared___ his happiness when he won the match. 13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎？ 【解析】hang out 閑逛 hang up 把......懸掛/掛起 14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎？ 【解析】pass ⑴v 給；遞；走過；通過 pass sb.sth 把某物遞給某 Pass on 傳遞 Please pass the paper on to the other students. ⑵ v 通過；路過 I pass your home. ⑶ v 通過（考試） ；及格 Tom can pass his math exam. 15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本書看嗎、 Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些錢嗎？ 【解析】borrow /lend/keep (1)borrow 借入 ,與from 連用，尤指主語“【借進來”】 borrow sth from sb. 從某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library. (2)lend 借出 ,與to 搭配 【指借出去】 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others. (3)keep 保留，保存（延續(xù)動詞，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用）【指借一段時間】 【記】 I want to __borrow__ a bike from my friend but he didn’t _lend___ it to me, because Tom had _kept____ it for two days. 16. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet. 我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕。 【解析】try (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事。 try v 試圖，設(shè)法，努力 【拓展】 (1)try on 試穿 (2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【側(cè)重盡力做】 (3) try doing sth 試圖做某事 【側(cè)重嘗試做】 (4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 盡某人努力做某事 17. I hate to do chores. 我討厭做家務(wù)。 hate to do sth 討厭做某事, 表示某次具體行為或動作。 I hate to trouble him. hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示經(jīng)?；蛄晳T性行為或動作。 She hates smoking in her room. 18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能請求你幫我做些雜活嗎？ 【解析】ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。 ask for 請求，要某物 ask sb. about sth 向某人詢問關(guān)于某事 (1)ask sb. for help 向某人請求幫助 (2) ask sb. (not) to do sth請求某人做某事 ask構(gòu)成的短語： 短語 含義 ask sb. to do sth 請某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth 不讓某人做某事 ask sb for sth 向某人要某物 ask for help 尋求幫助 19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. 當你幫我洗盤子的時候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)。 【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事 — Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? — Yes, I can. 【解析2】while conj. “在……期間； 當……的時候” While 引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)動詞。 _While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach. 【解析3】help sb. with sth. 在某事上幫助某人。 【注】help v 幫助 → helpful adj. 有幫助的 (1)help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事 (2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的幫助之下 (3)without the help of 沒有在…的幫助之下 ①I think reading is very __helpful____(help). ② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief. 20. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎？ 【解析】invite sb. to Sp. 邀請某人去某地 【解析】invite v → invitation n邀請 (1) invite sb. to do sth 邀請某人做某事 (2)invite sb. to +地點 邀請某人去某地 21.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home. 我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務(wù)和雜務(wù)。 【解析】make sb. do sth 讓某人做某事 make → made →made v. 做， 制作， 使得 (1) make sb/sth + 形容詞 “讓某人或某物…” make you happy (2) make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh. Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep. 22.They don’t have time to study and do housework，too. 他們也沒有時間來學習家務(wù)和做家務(wù)。 【解析】have time to do sth.有時間做某事 have time =be free 有空 23. Housework is a waste of their time. 做家務(wù)是在浪費他們的時間。 【解析】a waste of 浪費 a waste of time 浪費時間 a waste of money 浪費金錢 waste v “浪費” waste time/money on sth waste time / money (in) doing sth 在做某事上花費時間/金錢 Don’t ____waste______water. Can’t you see the sign “save water”? 24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. 為了取得好成績并考上一所好大學，他們應該把時間用在學習上。 【解析1】spend... on sth 在某事上花費...... spend/pay/cost/take 花費 (1)spend→spent→spent v 花費,主語是人 ◆ sb.+ spend +時間/錢+on sth ◆sb. +spend +時間/錢+（in） doing sth ◆spend on= pay for 支付 He spends too much time on the computer games. Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever. My father __spent___ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car. (2) pay →paid →paid v 支付，主語是人 ◆sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book. — How much did you __pay__ for this computer? — Five hundred dollars. (3) cost→ cost→ cost v 花費，主語是某物或某事 ◆sth cost sb. +錢 某物花費某人多少錢 A new computer costs me a lot of money. I bought a new sweater last weekend. It ___cost_ me 120 yuan. (4)take→took → taken v 花費 ◆It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費某人多長時間 It takes him 3 hours to do his homework. 【解析2】in order to “目的是；為了” 后接動詞原形。 in order to do sth 為了做某事 He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting. 【解析3】get into =enter 進入 【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語： get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服 get dressed穿衣 get into進入 get/be lost丟失 get off/on下/上車 get on well with sb.與某人相處得好 get out of從…出來 get warm 變曖 get ready for +n.為…做準備 get ready to do sth.準備做某事 get well康復 get a chance 有機會、得到機會 get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相關(guān)：(be asleep睡著) 25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now. 而且，當他們長大的時候，他們也將會做家務(wù)，因此，他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做。 【解析】get older 長大 get/ become/ go辨析： ⑴ get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級連用。 The days are getting longer and longer. ⑵ become 強調(diào)變化的結(jié)果 It's becoming colder and colder. ⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad變壞，go blind變瞎，go hungry挨餓 26. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家為孩子們提供一個干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務(wù)。 【解析】provide sth. for sb. 為某人提供某物 provide v 提供 provide sb. with sth. (sb 前介詞用for) =provide sth for sb.( sth 前需加介詞with)供應某人某物 相當于：offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb. provide 為應急等做好準備而“提供； 供給” provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.提供某人某物 offer 側(cè)重表示“愿意給予” offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.對某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主動提出干某事 supply 定期“供應” , 強調(diào)替代或補充所需物品 Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 為某人提供某物 ①The Internet provides us _with__a lot of _information___we need. ② —Could you please provide us _with___ some information about the students’ health? — Of course, it’s my pleasure. 27. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 無論如何，我認為做家務(wù)并不那么難。 【解析】anyway 無論如何, (一般放在句首，用逗號和句子隔開） 28. I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. 我認為對孩子們來說，學習如何做雜務(wù)并幫助他們的父母做家務(wù)是很重要的。 【解析】It is important for sb. to do sth. 對某人來說做某事是重要的 29. Children these days depend on their parents too much. 現(xiàn)在的孩子太依賴他們的父母。 【解析】depend on 依靠；信賴 —— Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —— Well, it all ___depends on____ the weather. 30. ... Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. 每個人都有責任保持家里的干凈和整潔。 【解析1】 do one’s part 盡職責；盡本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上盡職責 【解析2】keep +sth /sb. +adj. “使......處于某種狀態(tài)” Her mother asked her to keep the windows __open__ and the door __closed__. keep 系動詞 “保持” keep + adj . We must keep healthy. 實義動詞 “保持；繼續(xù)” (1) keep ( on ) doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working He kept on __ talking__ after the ball rang for class. (2) keep sb. Doing sth 讓某人一直做某事 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. My teacher kept me __doing___ homework all the afternoon. 31. Doi