本期主題【科舉制】
Since the Sui Dynasty,the feudal government startedto select officials from the qualified candidates inthe imperial examinations.There were two kinds ofpeople taking the imperial examination.One wascomprised of students chosen by academies, whowere called shengtu; the other kind,called xianggong, was made up of those who had passedthe examinations held by counties.The imperial examination in the Tang Dynasty was usuallyheld by the Ministry of Rites.Those who passed the examination would be re-examined by theMinistry of Personnel and be conferred with relevant official positions according to theirexamination results.The imperial examination system was used throughout many dynastiesuntil China's last imperial dynasty,the Qing Dynasty.However, during the Ming and QingDynasties,the imperial examination system became a strict and rigid institution whichstopped China from adopting modern and scientific methods.
參考翻譯：
自隋朝起,封建政府開始從科舉考試(imperialexamination)合格的應(yīng)試者中選拔官員。參加科舉考試的人有兩種:一種由學(xué)館選送的學(xué)生構(gòu)成,叫做生徒 (shengtu);另一種叫做鄉(xiāng)貢(xianggong),由縣試合格者構(gòu)成。唐朝的科舉考試一般由禮部(Ministry of Rites)主持?？忌既『?再經(jīng)吏部(Ministry of Personnel)復(fù)試,根據(jù)成績授予相應(yīng)的官職?？婆e制度一直被多朝沿用,直到中國最后一個封建王朝—清朝。然而,明清時期,科舉制度演變成嚴(yán)格、呆板的制度,阻礙了中國考試制度的現(xiàn)代化和科學(xué)化發(fā)展。
Since the Sui Dynasty,the feudal government startedto select officials from the qualified candidates inthe imperial examinations.There were two kinds ofpeople taking the imperial examination.One wascomprised of students chosen by academies, whowere called shengtu; the other kind,called xianggong, was made up of those who had passedthe examinations held by counties.The imperial examination in the Tang Dynasty was usuallyheld by the Ministry of Rites.Those who passed the examination would be re-examined by theMinistry of Personnel and be conferred with relevant official positions according to theirexamination results.The imperial examination system was used throughout many dynastiesuntil China's last imperial dynasty,the Qing Dynasty.However, during the Ming and QingDynasties,the imperial examination system became a strict and rigid institution whichstopped China from adopting modern and scientific methods.
參考翻譯：
自隋朝起,封建政府開始從科舉考試(imperialexamination)合格的應(yīng)試者中選拔官員。參加科舉考試的人有兩種:一種由學(xué)館選送的學(xué)生構(gòu)成,叫做生徒 (shengtu);另一種叫做鄉(xiāng)貢(xianggong),由縣試合格者構(gòu)成。唐朝的科舉考試一般由禮部(Ministry of Rites)主持?？忌既『?再經(jīng)吏部(Ministry of Personnel)復(fù)試,根據(jù)成績授予相應(yīng)的官職?？婆e制度一直被多朝沿用,直到中國最后一個封建王朝—清朝。然而,明清時期,科舉制度演變成嚴(yán)格、呆板的制度,阻礙了中國考試制度的現(xiàn)代化和科學(xué)化發(fā)展。