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虛擬語氣在考試中比較常見。尤其是在聽力中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。它主要是表達(dá)一種“假設(shè)”或者“推測”，而不是客觀顯示中的真實(shí)事件。因?yàn)橹饕ㄟ^動詞的變化來反應(yīng)不同的情況，所以如果不熟悉虛擬語氣的基本表示方法，會直接影響聽力。同時(shí)翻譯中也經(jīng)常使用。如果想得高分，要學(xué)好這個(gè)語法點(diǎn)，爭取在翻譯部分多拿點(diǎn)分：
與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：
If I were you , I would apply for the job.
與過去事實(shí)相反：
If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made such mistake.
與將來事實(shí)相反：
If it rained tomorrow, I would stay at home.
真題翻譯示例：
例1：
They requested that _______(我借的書還回圖書館)by next Friday.
1. 動詞request引導(dǎo)的從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣
2. 虛擬語氣的表達(dá)方式：should+動詞原形，此題則為：should return
3. 按句意順序譯，得出答案：I should return the book to library
例2：
The victim ________(本來有機(jī)會活下來)if he had been taken to hospital in time.
1. 一看句意有“本來”，十之八九為虛擬語氣
2. 二看時(shí)態(tài)推后了，本該過去時(shí)，卻用過去完成時(shí)，因此一定考虛擬
3.按句意譯為：would have a chance to survive
哪些動詞及其與他們相關(guān)的名詞，從句需虛擬語氣?
一想要(desire)二寧愿(prefer)三命令(order. command)
四建議(advice. suggest. propose)
五要求(demand. require. request. ask. insist)，另加一個(gè)wish
實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)：
1. It is strange that he _________ so.
A. would say B. would speak
C. should say D. will speak
2. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _________ there.
A. not went B. won’t go
C. not go D. not to go
3. I wish that I _________ with you last night.
A. went B. could go
C. have gone D. could have gone
4. If you had told me in advance, I _________ him at the airport.
A. would meet B. would had met
C. would have met D. would have meet
5. Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _________ me how.
A. teaches B. will teach
C. has taught D. would teach
6. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _________ the book from which it was made.
A. have read B. had read
C. should have read D. are reading
7. You are late. If you _________ a few minutes earlier, you _________ him.
A. come; would meet B. had come; would have met
C. come; will meet D. had come; would meet
8. If she could sew, _________.
A. she make a dress B. she would have made a shirt
C. she will make a shirt D. she would had made a coat
9. If I _________ you, I _________ more attention to English idioms and phrases.
A. was; shall pay B. am; will pay
C. would be; would pay D. were; would pay
10. Had I known her name, _________
A. or does she know mine? B. and where does she live?
C. she would be beautiful. D. I would have invited her to lunch.
答案及解析：
1. C 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. B 7.B 8. B 9.D 10. D
1. It is strange that是主語從句的虛擬語氣，從句用sb. should do的形式。
2. suggest后面的從句用sb. should do的形式，should可以省略。
3. 虛擬語氣。wish從句后接虛擬語氣。could have done表示“本來可以”。
4. in advance表示“事先”， would have done表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣。
5. wish的賓語從句表示發(fā)生在將來的愿望用過去將來時(shí)。
6. wish后面用虛擬語氣，表示與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成時(shí)。
7. 條件句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，主句用過去將來完成時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。
8. would have done是過去將來完成時(shí)，表示與過去相反的虛擬語氣。
9. 在虛擬語氣中，不管什么人稱，be動詞都要用were的形式。
10. had I known是與過去相反的虛擬語氣的倒裝形式，因此主句要用would have done。