一、考點(diǎn)聚焦
1、形容詞、副詞的作用與位置
形容詞是用來修飾名詞的,常被放在名詞前作定語,或放在系動(dòng)詞后面作表語。而副詞則用來修飾形容詞、動(dòng)詞,其他副詞或者句子,一般位于形容詞之前,動(dòng)詞之后或句子之首。以下屬幾種特殊情況,須牢記;
(1)形容詞短語作定語,定語后置。
a language difficult to master, a leaning tower about 180 feet high
(2)表語形容詞(afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等)作定語,定語后置。如a man alive。有些表身體健康狀況的形容詞如well、faint、ill只作表語。sick既可作表語又可作定語,ill如作定語意為“bad”。
(3)用作定語,修飾由不定代詞one、no、any、some和every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞如anything、something等時(shí),通常后置。如:
I have something important to tell you.
(4)else常用作疑問代詞和不定代詞的后置定語。
(5)enough、nearby修飾名詞前置或后置,程度副詞一般位于形容詞、副詞前面,enough修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí),必須后置。
(6)幾個(gè)副詞并列作狀語時(shí),其順序較靈活,但一般是:方式→地點(diǎn)→時(shí)間。如:
We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday.
(7)頻度副詞如often、always、usually等在be動(dòng)詞后,行為動(dòng)詞前。
(8)副詞作定語,定語后置。如:
The person there is waiting for you.
(9)幾個(gè)并列的形容詞作定語,其語序通常為:限定語(The、A)+ 描繪性形容詞 + size(大小)+ shape(形狀)+ age(年齡、時(shí)間)+ color(顏色)+ origin(國籍、來源)+ material(材料)+ purpose(目的)+ 名詞。如:
a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella,
the man’s first tow interesting little red French oil paitings
(10)以-ly結(jié)尾的詞性辨析。
①下列單詞以-ly結(jié)尾,但卻是形容詞而非副詞:lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、brotherly、timely等。
②表愿意(無-ly)和引申意(有-ly)的副詞:
deep深 wide寬廣 high高 low位置低
deeply深入地 widely廣泛地 highly高度地 lowly地位卑微
③有無-ly意義大不相同的副詞:
dead完全,絕對(duì)be dead asleep
deadly非常be deadly tired
pretty相當(dāng)be pretty certain that…
prettily漂亮地be prettily dressed
close近Don’t sit close.
closely密切地Watch closely!
late晚、遲arrive late, come late
lately最近I haven’t seen him lately(recently).
1、形容詞、副詞的作用與位置
形容詞是用來修飾名詞的,常被放在名詞前作定語,或放在系動(dòng)詞后面作表語。而副詞則用來修飾形容詞、動(dòng)詞,其他副詞或者句子,一般位于形容詞之前,動(dòng)詞之后或句子之首。以下屬幾種特殊情況,須牢記;
(1)形容詞短語作定語,定語后置。
a language difficult to master, a leaning tower about 180 feet high
(2)表語形容詞(afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等)作定語,定語后置。如a man alive。有些表身體健康狀況的形容詞如well、faint、ill只作表語。sick既可作表語又可作定語,ill如作定語意為“bad”。
(3)用作定語,修飾由不定代詞one、no、any、some和every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞如anything、something等時(shí),通常后置。如:
I have something important to tell you.
(4)else常用作疑問代詞和不定代詞的后置定語。
(5)enough、nearby修飾名詞前置或后置,程度副詞一般位于形容詞、副詞前面,enough修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí),必須后置。
(6)幾個(gè)副詞并列作狀語時(shí),其順序較靈活,但一般是:方式→地點(diǎn)→時(shí)間。如:
We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday.
(7)頻度副詞如often、always、usually等在be動(dòng)詞后,行為動(dòng)詞前。
(8)副詞作定語,定語后置。如:
The person there is waiting for you.
(9)幾個(gè)并列的形容詞作定語,其語序通常為:限定語(The、A)+ 描繪性形容詞 + size(大小)+ shape(形狀)+ age(年齡、時(shí)間)+ color(顏色)+ origin(國籍、來源)+ material(材料)+ purpose(目的)+ 名詞。如:
a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella,
the man’s first tow interesting little red French oil paitings
(10)以-ly結(jié)尾的詞性辨析。
①下列單詞以-ly結(jié)尾,但卻是形容詞而非副詞:lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、brotherly、timely等。
②表愿意(無-ly)和引申意(有-ly)的副詞:
deep深 wide寬廣 high高 low位置低
deeply深入地 widely廣泛地 highly高度地 lowly地位卑微
③有無-ly意義大不相同的副詞:
dead完全,絕對(duì)be dead asleep
deadly非常be deadly tired
pretty相當(dāng)be pretty certain that…
prettily漂亮地be prettily dressed
close近Don’t sit close.
closely密切地Watch closely!
late晚、遲arrive late, come late
lately最近I haven’t seen him lately(recently).