2018考研英語拓展閱讀:美國互聯(lián)網(wǎng)大規(guī)模癱瘓

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Twitter and PayPal were among the major websites shut down on the US East Coast for several hours on Friday local time after Internet service provider Dyn and Amazon’s web services unit were hit by waves of cyber attacks.
    當?shù)貢r間周五,美國兩家網(wǎng)絡服務運營商迪恩和亞馬遜遭遇數(shù)波網(wǎng)絡襲擊,導致東海岸的網(wǎng)民數(shù)小時內(nèi)無法登錄網(wǎng)上支付系統(tǒng)Paybal、社交媒體網(wǎng)站推特兩大知名網(wǎng)站。
    Dyn, headquartered in New Hampshire, said its Domain Name System (DNS) infrastructure suffered a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack starting at 7:10 a.m. EDT (11:10 a.m. GMT).
    迪恩公司總部坐落于新罕布什爾州。迪恩聲稱始于美國東部時間21日7:10(中央時區(qū)11點10分),其域名服務器遭受“分布式拒絕服務”網(wǎng)絡攻擊。
    A DDoS attack is an attempt to make an online service unavailable by overwhelming it with traffic from multiple sources, and the company said the attack is "mainly impacting US East."
    拒絕服務攻擊就是黑客利用合理的服務請求占用盡可能多的服務資源,從而使得其他用戶無法得到服務響應。迪恩公司稱襲擊“主要對美國東海岸的網(wǎng)民造成影響?!?BR>    About two hours later, Dyn said "services have been restored to normal."
    兩小時后,迪恩表示“服務恢復正常?!?BR>    But it wasn’t over. The company confirmed that a second DDoS attack took place at 11:52 a.m. EDT (3:52 p.m. GMT).
    但,事情還沒結束。該公司證實第二波攻擊于美國東部時間11:52開始。
    "This DDoS attack may also be impacting Dyn Managed DNS advanced services with possible delays in monitoring," it said.
    “‘拒絕服務攻擊’妄圖通過延遲迪恩對DNS服務的監(jiān)管來施加影響?!?BR>    In an update posted at 5:37 p.m. EDT (9:37 p.m. GMT), Dyn said its engineers "continue to investigate and mitigate several attacks aimed against the Dyn Managed DNS infrastructure."
    美國東部時間下午5:37(格林威治時間下午9:37),迪恩在其更新消息稱:工程師正全力以赴對幾起襲擊展開調(diào)查,勢必保護迪恩DNS管理系統(tǒng)。
    Amazon Web Services, a unit of Amazon.com that hosts many of the web’s popular destinations, including Netflix, reported an attack that also affected people on the US East Coast around the same time in the morning.
    亞馬遜是多個知名網(wǎng)站的網(wǎng)絡服務運營商,其中包括在線視頻網(wǎng)站奈飛。其下屬亞馬遜網(wǎng)絡服務公司稱美國東海岸的網(wǎng)民們也于周五上午同一時間受到影響,無法使用其提供的網(wǎng)絡服務。
    "Between 4:31 a.m. (11:31 a.m. GMT) and 6:10 a.m. PDT (1:10 p.m. GMT), we experienced errors resolving the DNS hostnames used to access some AWS services in the US-EAST-1 Region," the company stated on its website.
    亞馬遜消息稱:“上午4:31(格林威治時間上午11:31)至太平洋夏季時間上午6:10(格林威治時間下午1:10),我們在解析DNS主機名時發(fā)生錯誤,而正確解析DNS主機名可以讓美國東部1區(qū)的網(wǎng)絡服務恢復正常。”
    But this issue has been resolved and the service is now operating normally, it noted.
    不過,目前問題已經(jīng)解決,網(wǎng)絡運營已正常運轉(zhuǎn),亞馬遜特別指出。
    Digital payments company PayPal admitted experiencing brief interruptions in service due to the attack.
    網(wǎng)上支付系統(tǒng)PayPal承認網(wǎng)絡襲擊一度令其服務中斷。
    "We’re sorry for the inconvenience," PayPal tweeted.
    “我們對由此引起的不便深感抱歉。”貝寶發(fā)消息稱。
    Currently, it’s unknown who was behind the attacks.
    目前,尚不清楚是誰發(fā)動了網(wǎng)絡攻擊。
    White House spokesman Josh Earnest said the US Department of Homeland Security is monitoring this situation and will take a close look at it.
    白宮發(fā)言人喬?!ざ蚰崴固乇硎荆好绹鴩涟踩空诒O(jiān)控事態(tài)發(fā)展,并將展開仔細調(diào)查。
    "But at this point, I don’t have any information to share about who may be responsible for that malicious activity," Earnest told reporters.
    “但此時此刻,我還不清楚誰應該為此惡意行為負責?!倍騼?nèi)斯特告訴記者。
    A senior US intelligence official told NBC News that the incidents were "a classic case of Internet vandalism."
    美一名高級情報官員告訴NBC說:這是一起典型的網(wǎng)絡破壞行為。
    The official was quoted as saying that it does not appear at this point that the attacks were state-sponsored or directed.
    援引該官員的話稱:目前這不太可能是政府支持或主導的網(wǎng)絡攻擊。