The southern states would not have signedthe Constitution without protections for the “peculiarinstitution, ”including a clause that counted a slaveas three fifths of a man for purposes ofcongressional representation.
【分析】復(fù)合句。主句主干為The southern stateswould not have signed the Constitution;介詞結(jié)構(gòu)including a clause…對(duì)peculiar institution作進(jìn)一步的解釋,其中that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾clause。本句中用到了虛擬語氣,would not have signed表達(dá)的是與過去亊實(shí)相反的假設(shè),介詞短語without protections for the "peculiarinstitution”表達(dá)了隱含的條件,相當(dāng)于if they had not had protections for the "peculiarinstitution"。
【譯文】如果不保護(hù)他們的“特殊制度”,南方各州是不會(huì)簽署聯(lián)邦憲法的。“特殊制度”中有一條規(guī)定:在選舉國(guó)會(huì)代表時(shí),一個(gè)奴隸可算作五分之三個(gè)公民。
【點(diǎn)撥】1)clause常見的意思為“分句,從句”,本句中意為“(法律、合同等的)條款,款項(xiàng)”。2)forpurposes of“為了…...”。
【臨摹】這幅畫只是為了說明起見。
with或without表達(dá)隱含條件的用法
with或without在句中作狀語,可以表示真實(shí)的條件,也可以表示虛擬的條件,理解為“如果...”或“若是沒有…”。 例如:Without his help, I don’t know how to get started.沒有他的幫助,我無從下手(真實(shí)的條件)。Without your help, we could not have completed the task ahead of time. = If it had notbeen for your help…若是沒有你的幫助,我們不可能提前完成任務(wù)(非真實(shí)條件)。
【分析】復(fù)合句。主句主干為The southern stateswould not have signed the Constitution;介詞結(jié)構(gòu)including a clause…對(duì)peculiar institution作進(jìn)一步的解釋,其中that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾clause。本句中用到了虛擬語氣,would not have signed表達(dá)的是與過去亊實(shí)相反的假設(shè),介詞短語without protections for the "peculiarinstitution”表達(dá)了隱含的條件,相當(dāng)于if they had not had protections for the "peculiarinstitution"。
【譯文】如果不保護(hù)他們的“特殊制度”,南方各州是不會(huì)簽署聯(lián)邦憲法的。“特殊制度”中有一條規(guī)定:在選舉國(guó)會(huì)代表時(shí),一個(gè)奴隸可算作五分之三個(gè)公民。
【點(diǎn)撥】1)clause常見的意思為“分句,從句”,本句中意為“(法律、合同等的)條款,款項(xiàng)”。2)forpurposes of“為了…...”。
【臨摹】這幅畫只是為了說明起見。
with或without表達(dá)隱含條件的用法
with或without在句中作狀語,可以表示真實(shí)的條件,也可以表示虛擬的條件,理解為“如果...”或“若是沒有…”。 例如:Without his help, I don’t know how to get started.沒有他的幫助,我無從下手(真實(shí)的條件)。Without your help, we could not have completed the task ahead of time. = If it had notbeen for your help…若是沒有你的幫助,我們不可能提前完成任務(wù)(非真實(shí)條件)。

