小升初英語語法祈使句知識點：不要混淆祈使句與非謂語動詞
有這樣一道語法考題，該用動詞原形？還是用非謂語動詞？
_________ the road round to the right and you’ll find his house.
A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed
【分析】此題容易誤選B或C，許多同學一看選項就想當然地認為，選現(xiàn)在分詞表示時間或伴隨，選不定式表目的。此題的關鍵是要注意句中的連詞and，它表明整個句子是一個并列句，即 and 前后應各是一個獨立的句子，而不應是一個非謂語形式的短語，所以此題的正確答案應選A，即 and 前是一個祈使句。比較以下兩題：
(1) _________ the road round to the right， she found his house.
A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed
【分析】此題應選B，現(xiàn)在分詞短語表時間。
(2) _________ the road round to the right， the blind man asked a boy to guide him.
A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed
【分析】此題應選C，不定式短語表目的。
注意以下各題均應選A，均因為句中的并列連詞 and(填空句為祈使句)：
(1) _________ the milk and set a good example to the other children.
A. Drink B. To drink C. Drinking D. Having drinking
(2) _________ me， and don’t just stand there laughing.
A. Answer B. To answer C. Answering D. To be answering
(3) _________ me ， and then try to copy what I do.
A. Watch B. Watching C. To watch D. Have watching
(4) _________ through this book and tell me what you think of it.
A. Look B. Looking C. To look D. Having looked
(5) _________ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.
A. Leave B. Leaving C. If you leave D. When left
注：有時可能不用連詞，而用破折號(答案均選B，填空句為祈使句)。如：
(1) _________ down the radio — the baby’s asleep in the next room.
A. Turning B. Turn C. Turned D. To turn
(2) _________ some of this juice — perhaps you will like it.
A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Having tried
以下各題也應選A，是因為句中的從屬連詞 when， before， until 等(填空句為祈使句)：
(1) _________ left when you get to the end of the street.
A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept
(2) _________ you hand over your mouth when you cough.
A. Put B. Putting C. To put D. To be putting
(3) _________ him enough time to get home before you telephone.
A. Give B. To give C. Giving D. Given
(4)_________ until the lights have turned to green.
A. Wait B. To wait C. Waiting D. Having waited
(5) _________ the pieces of cloth with a loose stitch before finally sewing them together.
A. Join B. To join C. Joining D. Joined
以下各題也應選A，即填空句為祈使句：
(1) Don’t give me a long account， just _________ the plain facts.
A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. to be telling
(2) First _________ the rice by washing it， then _________ it in boiling water.
A. prepare， cook B. preparing， cooking C. preparing， cook D. prepare， cooking
(3) Don’t sit there watching — _________ and help me！
A. come B. coming C. to come D. to be coming
(4) Don’t waste your money on silly things — _________ it.
A. save B. to save C. saving D. having saved
(5) To test eggs， _________ them in a bowl of water： if they float they’re bad， if they sink they’re good.
A. put B. putting C. to put D. to be putting
但是，以下各題情形有所不同，所填部分為目的狀語(用不定式，即答案均為B)：
(1) _________ late in the morning， Bob turned off the alarm.
A. Sleep B. To sleep C. Sleeping D. Having slept
(2) _________ the early bus， Mr Smith got up at six.
A. Catch B. To catch C. Catching D. Having caught
有這樣一道語法考題，該用動詞原形？還是用非謂語動詞？
_________ the road round to the right and you’ll find his house.
A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed
【分析】此題容易誤選B或C，許多同學一看選項就想當然地認為，選現(xiàn)在分詞表示時間或伴隨，選不定式表目的。此題的關鍵是要注意句中的連詞and，它表明整個句子是一個并列句，即 and 前后應各是一個獨立的句子，而不應是一個非謂語形式的短語，所以此題的正確答案應選A，即 and 前是一個祈使句。比較以下兩題：
(1) _________ the road round to the right， she found his house.
A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed
【分析】此題應選B，現(xiàn)在分詞短語表時間。
(2) _________ the road round to the right， the blind man asked a boy to guide him.
A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed
【分析】此題應選C，不定式短語表目的。
注意以下各題均應選A，均因為句中的并列連詞 and(填空句為祈使句)：
(1) _________ the milk and set a good example to the other children.
A. Drink B. To drink C. Drinking D. Having drinking
(2) _________ me， and don’t just stand there laughing.
A. Answer B. To answer C. Answering D. To be answering
(3) _________ me ， and then try to copy what I do.
A. Watch B. Watching C. To watch D. Have watching
(4) _________ through this book and tell me what you think of it.
A. Look B. Looking C. To look D. Having looked
(5) _________ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.
A. Leave B. Leaving C. If you leave D. When left
注：有時可能不用連詞，而用破折號(答案均選B，填空句為祈使句)。如：
(1) _________ down the radio — the baby’s asleep in the next room.
A. Turning B. Turn C. Turned D. To turn
(2) _________ some of this juice — perhaps you will like it.
A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Having tried
以下各題也應選A，是因為句中的從屬連詞 when， before， until 等(填空句為祈使句)：
(1) _________ left when you get to the end of the street.
A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept
(2) _________ you hand over your mouth when you cough.
A. Put B. Putting C. To put D. To be putting
(3) _________ him enough time to get home before you telephone.
A. Give B. To give C. Giving D. Given
(4)_________ until the lights have turned to green.
A. Wait B. To wait C. Waiting D. Having waited
(5) _________ the pieces of cloth with a loose stitch before finally sewing them together.
A. Join B. To join C. Joining D. Joined
以下各題也應選A，即填空句為祈使句：
(1) Don’t give me a long account， just _________ the plain facts.
A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. to be telling
(2) First _________ the rice by washing it， then _________ it in boiling water.
A. prepare， cook B. preparing， cooking C. preparing， cook D. prepare， cooking
(3) Don’t sit there watching — _________ and help me！
A. come B. coming C. to come D. to be coming
(4) Don’t waste your money on silly things — _________ it.
A. save B. to save C. saving D. having saved
(5) To test eggs， _________ them in a bowl of water： if they float they’re bad， if they sink they’re good.
A. put B. putting C. to put D. to be putting
但是，以下各題情形有所不同，所填部分為目的狀語(用不定式，即答案均為B)：
(1) _________ late in the morning， Bob turned off the alarm.
A. Sleep B. To sleep C. Sleeping D. Having slept
(2) _________ the early bus， Mr Smith got up at six.
A. Catch B. To catch C. Catching D. Having caught