2017中考英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理:短語動(dòng)詞和句型的講解

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【考點(diǎn)直擊】
    1. 短語動(dòng)詞的辨析;
    2. 英語句子的基本句型結(jié)構(gòu);
    3. 初中階段主要句型的用法。
    【點(diǎn)睛】
    短語動(dòng)詞是中考的重要內(nèi)容之一。在初中階段,我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了不少短語
    動(dòng)詞,把他們加以歸納總結(jié),進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)是十分必要的。英語中有許多短語動(dòng)詞在意義上是一個(gè)整體,其用法有的相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞,有的相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞,有的兼有及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞的特征。
    1. 短語動(dòng)詞的分類
    (1)動(dòng)詞+介詞
    常見的有l(wèi)ook for, look after, ask for, laugh at, hear of 等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語只能放在介詞后。如:
    Don’t laugh at others.
    Tom asked his parents for a bike.
    (2)動(dòng)詞+副詞
    常見的有g(shù)ive up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in,等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語如果是名詞,既可放在副詞前邊,又可放在副詞后邊;賓語如果是人稱代詞或反身代詞,則要放在副詞前邊。如:
    You’ll hand in your homework tomorrow.
    Please don’t forget to hand it in.
    (3)動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞
    常見的有 go on with, catch up with等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語只能放在介詞后邊。如:
    Go on and I’ll catch up with you in five minutes.
    After a short rest, he went on with his research work.
    (4)動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞
    常見的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語只能放在介詞后邊。如:
    You should pay attention to your handwriting.
    We should make full use of our time.