2017年英語六級閱讀理解語法:分詞

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    分詞
    1.Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are either driven out of business or to cash-only practices,further contributing to the decline of primary care.
    分析:主干:...physicians...are either driven out of business or topractices...
    ①either... or...并列連接兩個介詞詞組out of business和to cash-only practices,接在driven之后。②句子主語physicians有前置定語primary care和who引導的定語從句修飾。句末的現(xiàn)在分詞短語contributing...作狀語,表示伴隨are driven...而來的結(jié)果。
    譯文:不愿降低服務質(zhì)量的初級護理醫(yī)生要么被迫停業(yè),要么提供只收現(xiàn)金的服務,這進一步加劇了初級護理服務的下滑。
    2.Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well,or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs will meet its end at the hands of humans,leaving our descendants to wonder how a creature so ugly could have won so much affection.
    分析:主干:...we must get a handleor a creature...will meet its end...
    ①本句是由or連接的并列句,or表示 否則,要不然 。②前一分句中,get a handle on表示 開始理解或了解 ;后一分句中,主語a creature后有一個that引導的定語從句修飾,outlive 比 更長壽 ,現(xiàn)在分詞短語leaving作狀語,表示謂語 meet its end(玩完) 所造成的后果。leave...to ...中的不定式to wonder作our descendants的補語,wonder后接了一個how引導的賓語從句。
    譯文:終我們也一定要解決這個問題,否則這些比恐龍幸存時間還長的生物就將在人類的手上滅絕,到時我們的后代可能會好奇,為什么如此丑陋的生物居然能夠得那么多的關愛。
    不定式
    3.Remove the pressure for primary care physicians to squeeze in more patients per hour,and reward them for optimally managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine.
    分析:主干:Remove the pressure...and reward them for...
    ①本句由and并列連接的兩個祈使句構成。②前一個祈使句中,不定式短語to squeeze...(往每個小時的時間里塞更多的病人)作定語,修飾the pressure,該不定式的邏輯主語由for引導。后一個祈使句中,介詞for...表示原因,后面接了兩個動名詞短語managing...和practicing...。
    譯文:要解除初級護理醫(yī)生在單位時間內(nèi)多看病人的壓力,并對那些能很好控制疾病和實踐循證醫(yī)療的醫(yī)生給予嘉獎。
    4.But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying,as well as studying,can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that,unlike many bank stocks,should yield huge dividends.
    分析:主干:...economists asy
    ①say后面的內(nèi)容都是say的賓語。該賓語從句的主語是families,其后有一個不定式短語to go...修飾;不定式to fund...作前一個不定式to go into debt的目的狀語;as well as相當于一個并列連詞,連接partying和studying.②knowledge后的that從句作其同位語,說明 該知識 的具體內(nèi)容;an investment后的that引導的是定語從句,從句的主語和謂語被插入成分unlike...分隔開了。
    譯文:不過經(jīng)濟學家說大家是一項投資,而且和許多銀行股票不同的是,這項投資可以帶來巨大的紅利,打算舉債來提供4年狂歡和學習資金的家庭在知道這一點之后可以有所安慰了。
    動名詞
    5.Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgiving student loans for those who choose primary care as a career and reconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries.
    分析:主干:Make primary care more attractive...
    ①本句主干是個祈使句,用了 make+賓語 的句型。②介詞短語by...表示方式,后面帶了兩個動名詞短語forgiving...和reconciling...。forgive的常用意思是 原諒 ,句中則表示 豁免,免除 ;reconcile表示 調(diào)和 。who引導的定語從句修飾those,從句中用了choose...as...的結(jié)構,表示 選擇 做(職業(yè)) 。difference后面有一個between引導的介詞短語作定語,between的賓語是(specialist and primary care physician)salaries,也就是說,salaries有兩個定語,specialist和physician。
    譯文:免除選擇做初級護理醫(yī)生的學生的助學貸款,調(diào)和??漆t(yī)生和初級保健醫(yī)生的工資差距,以此吸引更多的醫(yī)科學生選擇初級護理工作。
    6.Does going to Columbia Universityyield a 40% greater return than attending the University of Colorado at Boulder as an out-of-state student?
    分析:主干:Does going to...yield a...greater return than attending...?
    ①本句是簡單疑問句,比較句型,兩個動名詞短語going to...和attending...進行比較,這兩個名詞都接了某個大學的名字作賓語,所以主干的含義是:難道上A大學比上B大學多出40%的收益嗎?yield a return 產(chǎn)生利益回報,產(chǎn)生收益 。②括號里的內(nèi)容分別說明上兩所大學的費用。句末as引導的介詞短語作狀語,表示身份。
    譯文:難道去哥倫比亞大學(2007-2008年度的學費和住宿共計49260美元)真的會比跨州在博爾德上科羅拉多大學(2007-2008年度學費和住宿共計35542美元)多帶來40%的回報嗎?