小升初英語語法省略句知識(shí)點(diǎn)：單詞省略
1、省略介詞
He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons. 他花了四個(gè)小時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)功。
I ‘ ve studied English (for) five years. 我已學(xué)五年英語了。
2、省略連詞that
I believe (that) you will succeed . 我相信你們會(huì)成功的。
It ’ s a pity (that) he ‘ s leaving. 他要走，真遺憾。
I ’ m sure (that) she will help you. 我肯定她會(huì)幫你的。
3、省略關(guān)系代詞
He read the book (which) I got yesterday. 他看過我昨天買的書。
句子成分的省略
1、省略主語
Beg your pardon. (我)請你原諒。( Beg 前省略了主語 I )
Take care！ 當(dāng)心！( Take 前省略了主語 you )
Looks as if it will rain. 看起來象要下雨。( Looks 前省略了主語 it )
2、省略謂語
Who next？ 該誰了？( Who 后面省略了謂語 comes )
The river was deep and the ice thin. ( ice 后面省略了 was )
We ‘ ll do the best we can. 我們將盡力而為。( can 后面省略了動(dòng)詞 do )
3、省略表語
Are you ready？ Yes， I am. 你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？ 我準(zhǔn)備好了。( am 后面省略了 ready )
He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth. 他還是象年輕時(shí)那樣，是一位運(yùn)動(dòng) 愛好者。( had been 后面省略了 a lover of sports )
4、省略賓語
Let ’ s do the dishes. I ‘ ll wash and you ’ ll dry. 讓我們洗碗吧，我來 洗，你來揩干。( wash 和 dry 后面省略了賓語 dishes )
5、省略定語
He spent part of the money， and the rest he saved. 那錢他花了部分，其余的他都存了起 來。( the rest 后面省略了定語 of the money )
6、省略狀語
He was not hurt. Strange！ 他沒有受傷，真奇怪！( Strange 前面省略了狀語 how )
不同句式中的省略
1.簡單句中的省略：
在對話中，交談雙方都知道談?wù)摰膶ο?，則可以省略句子的主語，省略主語和謂語的現(xiàn)象在交際 用語中出現(xiàn)的很多。
(1)Looks like rain.
(2)Hope to hear from you soon.
(3)Sounds like a good idea.
2.并列句中的省略：
在并列句中，相同的成分如主語，謂語，賓語等都可以省略：
(1)They learn French and we English.
(2)My father planned and built all these houses.
(3)John won the first race and Jimmy the second.
3.復(fù)合句中的省略：
定語從句：(1)That’s the reason he is late for the conference.
狀語從句：(1)If heated， water will boil.
(2)Tom was attacked by cramp while swimming across the river.
賓語從句：如果賓語從句中的謂語部分與主句的謂語部分或上文的謂語部分相同，可將從句部分 的謂語省略。
(1)We will do what we can(do)to help you.
(2)—Is Mr. King in his office？
—Sorry， I don’t know(whether he is in his office or not).
4.動(dòng)詞不定式的省略：在動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中，為了避免重復(fù)，常常省略不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞原形 ，只保留to。
(1)—Would you like to go with us ？
—I’m glad to， but I have to finish my homework.
在used to， ought to， have to， would like/love to， wish to， be going to等結(jié)構(gòu)中，常常 省略to后面的動(dòng)詞原形。
(1)They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to.
(2)He doesn’t get up early as he used to.
(3)I’ll hand it in if I have to.
(4)—Would you like to come tonight ？
—I’d love to.
Tell ， warn ， order ， advise ， ask等動(dòng)詞的賓語后面接動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，可以省 略to后面的動(dòng)詞原形。
(1)He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to.
(2)The boy wanted to play football in the street， but his mother told him not to.
5.虛擬條件句中的省略：
在虛擬條件句中，如含有had，were，should等時(shí)，if可省略，句子倒裝。
如： Should it rain tomorrow，you would have to put off your tour.
1、省略介詞
He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons. 他花了四個(gè)小時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)功。
I ‘ ve studied English (for) five years. 我已學(xué)五年英語了。
2、省略連詞that
I believe (that) you will succeed . 我相信你們會(huì)成功的。
It ’ s a pity (that) he ‘ s leaving. 他要走，真遺憾。
I ’ m sure (that) she will help you. 我肯定她會(huì)幫你的。
3、省略關(guān)系代詞
He read the book (which) I got yesterday. 他看過我昨天買的書。
句子成分的省略
1、省略主語
Beg your pardon. (我)請你原諒。( Beg 前省略了主語 I )
Take care！ 當(dāng)心！( Take 前省略了主語 you )
Looks as if it will rain. 看起來象要下雨。( Looks 前省略了主語 it )
2、省略謂語
Who next？ 該誰了？( Who 后面省略了謂語 comes )
The river was deep and the ice thin. ( ice 后面省略了 was )
We ‘ ll do the best we can. 我們將盡力而為。( can 后面省略了動(dòng)詞 do )
3、省略表語
Are you ready？ Yes， I am. 你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？ 我準(zhǔn)備好了。( am 后面省略了 ready )
He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth. 他還是象年輕時(shí)那樣，是一位運(yùn)動(dòng) 愛好者。( had been 后面省略了 a lover of sports )
4、省略賓語
Let ’ s do the dishes. I ‘ ll wash and you ’ ll dry. 讓我們洗碗吧，我來 洗，你來揩干。( wash 和 dry 后面省略了賓語 dishes )
5、省略定語
He spent part of the money， and the rest he saved. 那錢他花了部分，其余的他都存了起 來。( the rest 后面省略了定語 of the money )
6、省略狀語
He was not hurt. Strange！ 他沒有受傷，真奇怪！( Strange 前面省略了狀語 how )
不同句式中的省略
1.簡單句中的省略：
在對話中，交談雙方都知道談?wù)摰膶ο?，則可以省略句子的主語，省略主語和謂語的現(xiàn)象在交際 用語中出現(xiàn)的很多。
(1)Looks like rain.
(2)Hope to hear from you soon.
(3)Sounds like a good idea.
2.并列句中的省略：
在并列句中，相同的成分如主語，謂語，賓語等都可以省略：
(1)They learn French and we English.
(2)My father planned and built all these houses.
(3)John won the first race and Jimmy the second.
3.復(fù)合句中的省略：
定語從句：(1)That’s the reason he is late for the conference.
狀語從句：(1)If heated， water will boil.
(2)Tom was attacked by cramp while swimming across the river.
賓語從句：如果賓語從句中的謂語部分與主句的謂語部分或上文的謂語部分相同，可將從句部分 的謂語省略。
(1)We will do what we can(do)to help you.
(2)—Is Mr. King in his office？
—Sorry， I don’t know(whether he is in his office or not).
4.動(dòng)詞不定式的省略：在動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中，為了避免重復(fù)，常常省略不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞原形 ，只保留to。
(1)—Would you like to go with us ？
—I’m glad to， but I have to finish my homework.
在used to， ought to， have to， would like/love to， wish to， be going to等結(jié)構(gòu)中，常常 省略to后面的動(dòng)詞原形。
(1)They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to.
(2)He doesn’t get up early as he used to.
(3)I’ll hand it in if I have to.
(4)—Would you like to come tonight ？
—I’d love to.
Tell ， warn ， order ， advise ， ask等動(dòng)詞的賓語后面接動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，可以省 略to后面的動(dòng)詞原形。
(1)He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to.
(2)The boy wanted to play football in the street， but his mother told him not to.
5.虛擬條件句中的省略：
在虛擬條件句中，如含有had，were，should等時(shí)，if可省略，句子倒裝。
如： Should it rain tomorrow，you would have to put off your tour.