科學(xué)美國人60秒中英文翻譯：太陽能電池板
科學(xué)美國人60秒英文文本
This is Scientific American 60 seconds Tech, I'm Larry Greenemeier, got a minute?
You wouldn't think that things as mundane as rust or the eyes of a garden-variety moth would have much in common with advances in sustainable energy. But Swiss researchers report that a way to create highly efficient solar panels may involve photocells incorporating light-absorbing qualities of iron oxide within a structure similar to moth eyes.
The scientists covered tiny particles of tungsten oxide with iron oxide to mimic the way moth eyes gather light. Moth light absorption is highly efficient, for survival reasons—because the eyes barely reflect any light, they don't attract the attention of predators.
飛蛾的眼睛.jpg
And where most solar panels convert light to electricity, these devices use solar rays to split water molecules and produce pure hydrogen fuel. Which deals with the storage problem associated with solar power. The research will appear in the journal Energy & Environmental Science.
Stanford University researchers are likewise exploring ways to bypass electricity generation when splitting water molecules. Their work combines into a single unit the photoelectric cells that gather sunlight and the electrolyzer that produces hydrogen. They published their research last fall in the journal Science.
Both projects are part of an effort to get solar to better compete with cheap fossil fuels. And bring heliocentrism to the power supply.
Thanks for the minute for the Scientific American 60 Seconds Tech, I'm Larry Greenemeier.
科學(xué)美國人60秒中文翻譯：
這里是科學(xué)美國人60秒科技頻道，我是拉里·格林梅耶。
你可能不會將平凡無奇的鐵銹和飛蛾的眼睛與先進(jìn)的可持續(xù)能源聯(lián)系在一起。不過，瑞士的科學(xué)家們卻發(fā)現(xiàn)這三者之間的聯(lián)系：利用飛蛾眼睛的獨(dú)特結(jié)構(gòu)，他們發(fā)明出一種吸光性很強(qiáng)的太陽能電池板。
科學(xué)家仿造飛蛾眼睛的結(jié)構(gòu)，用氧化鐵蓋住二氧化鎢上的細(xì)小微粒。(飛蛾的眼睛上覆蓋著一層由錐形納米覆蓋的膜)，飛蛾眼睛超強(qiáng)的吸光力是處于生存原因進(jìn)化而來的，進(jìn)入飛蛾眼睛的光線幾乎完全傳入它的眼睛而不會反射，如此一來，捕食者完全注意不到飛蛾的存在。
大多數(shù)的太陽能電池板會將光轉(zhuǎn)化成電能，而利用飛蛾眼睛結(jié)構(gòu)而發(fā)明的太陽能電池板則利用太陽光分解水分子，產(chǎn)生 純氫燃料。解決了太陽能的儲存問題。該研究成果將發(fā)布在能源與環(huán)境科學(xué)雜志上。
來自斯坦福大學(xué)的研究人員們利用同樣的道理，試圖在分解水分子時略過電力生成這一環(huán)節(jié)。他們發(fā)明出吸收太陽光的光電池以及生成氫氣的分解劑。他們于去年秋季在科學(xué)雜志上發(fā)表自己的研究成果。
這兩項發(fā)明計劃都試圖讓太陽能稱為替代廉價的石油燃料的有力競爭者。并把日心說中太陽的地位在能源領(lǐng)域同樣適用。