Lesson 4 An exciting trip
課文內(nèi)容：
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.
本文語法：同位語
語法歸納：指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置時，一個句子成分可被用來說明或解釋另一個句子成分，后者稱之為前者的同位語。同位語多由名詞或代詞充當。例如：
I have two sisters,Jane and Mary.我有兩個姐姐，簡和瑪麗。
This is Tom, president of Oriental Grouop.這位是東方集團的總裁湯姆。
逐句精講：
1.I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.
我剛收到一封弟弟蒂姆寫來的的信。
語言點1 短語：receive sth. from sb.收到從某人那里送出的某物
This morning I received a letter from my brother.今天早上我收到了媽媽寫來的一封信。
語言點2 此句中Tim為my brother的同位語，對my brother進行解釋說明。
2.He is in Australia.
他在澳大利亞。
語言點 介詞in在此實際上表達一種狀態(tài)：在澳洲。
類似介詞用法：at home在家;on the Internet在上網(wǎng);on the phone打電話
3.He has been there for six months.
他在澳洲已經(jīng)待了六個月了。
語言點 for six months是表示時間段的狀語。
特別提醒初學者："for+時間狀語"不能和瞬間性動詞連用。
He arrived there for six months.(錯誤)
He has been there for six months.(正確)
原因：瞬間動詞的動詞不可以延續(xù)，而be there表示狀態(tài)，可以延續(xù)。
So far, I have lived in Beijing for eight years.到現(xiàn)在，我已經(jīng)在北京住了8年了。
4.Tim is an engineer.
蒂姆是一名工程師。
語言點 engineer: one who operates an engine工程師，即操作或修理發(fā)動機的人
1)engine(發(fā)動機)+er(表人)——engineer
2)fire engine消防車
3)engineer(=design/devise)設計：The villa is very well engineered.這套別墅設計得很好。
5. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.
他在一家大公司工作，并且已經(jīng)去過澳大利亞很多不同的地方了。
語言點1 【辨】work，job，career,works
work指抽象工作，不可數(shù)名詞;job指具體工作，可數(shù)名詞;career指事業(yè)，等同于profession;works泛指作品;工程;工廠。
語言點2 “大量，很多”有多種表達方式：
1)many常修飾可數(shù)名詞：many mistakes許多錯誤;many books許多書
2)a lot of=lots of既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞：a lot of excitement許多刺激;lots of words很多單詞
3)a great/good lot大量，許多(口語)：a great /good lot fun大量的玩笑
4)a whole lot of一大堆，許多：a whole lot of paper一大堆紙
5)a great number of很多的(多用于寫作中)，常修飾可數(shù)名詞
6)a great many很多的(多用于寫作中)，常修飾可數(shù)名詞
6.He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia.
他剛買了一輛澳洲產(chǎn)的小汽車，現(xiàn)在去了在澳大利亞中部的一個小城鎮(zhèn)，艾莉斯普林斯。
語言點1 比較兩個句子：He has gone to the cinema.他去了電*。(還沒有回來)
He has been to the cinema.他曾經(jīng)去過電*。(現(xiàn)已回來)
語言點2 Alice springs, a small town in the center of Australia后者為前者的同位語，對前者進一步說明。
語言點3 a small town in the centre of Australia此部分為介詞短語做后置定語的結(jié)構，in the centre of Australia為介詞in引導的短語，修飾a small town，說明其地理位置。
7.He will soon visit Darwin.
很快，他將去參觀達爾文。
語言點 1)visit somewhere參觀某地：visit Shanghai參觀上海;visit Zhouzhuang參觀周莊
2)visit sb.拜訪某人：visit my uncle看望我的伯父;visit closet classmate拜訪親密的同學
8.From there, he will fly to Perth.
從那里，他將飛往珀斯。
語言點 比較學習：
1)fly to=go by plane乘飛機到某地
2)drive to somewhere開車去某地
3)walk to somewhere走到某地
9.My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.
我弟弟以前從來沒有出過國，所以他覺得他的這次旅行非常激動人心。
語言點1 before單獨放在句尾表示從前，常與完成時連用。
語言點2 very exciting補充說明this trip,做賓語補足語。
課文內(nèi)容：
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.
本文語法：同位語
語法歸納：指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置時，一個句子成分可被用來說明或解釋另一個句子成分，后者稱之為前者的同位語。同位語多由名詞或代詞充當。例如：
I have two sisters,Jane and Mary.我有兩個姐姐，簡和瑪麗。
This is Tom, president of Oriental Grouop.這位是東方集團的總裁湯姆。
逐句精講：
1.I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.
我剛收到一封弟弟蒂姆寫來的的信。
語言點1 短語：receive sth. from sb.收到從某人那里送出的某物
This morning I received a letter from my brother.今天早上我收到了媽媽寫來的一封信。
語言點2 此句中Tim為my brother的同位語，對my brother進行解釋說明。
2.He is in Australia.
他在澳大利亞。
語言點 介詞in在此實際上表達一種狀態(tài)：在澳洲。
類似介詞用法：at home在家;on the Internet在上網(wǎng);on the phone打電話
3.He has been there for six months.
他在澳洲已經(jīng)待了六個月了。
語言點 for six months是表示時間段的狀語。
特別提醒初學者："for+時間狀語"不能和瞬間性動詞連用。
He arrived there for six months.(錯誤)
He has been there for six months.(正確)
原因：瞬間動詞的動詞不可以延續(xù)，而be there表示狀態(tài)，可以延續(xù)。
So far, I have lived in Beijing for eight years.到現(xiàn)在，我已經(jīng)在北京住了8年了。
4.Tim is an engineer.
蒂姆是一名工程師。
語言點 engineer: one who operates an engine工程師，即操作或修理發(fā)動機的人
1)engine(發(fā)動機)+er(表人)——engineer
2)fire engine消防車
3)engineer(=design/devise)設計：The villa is very well engineered.這套別墅設計得很好。
5. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.
他在一家大公司工作，并且已經(jīng)去過澳大利亞很多不同的地方了。
語言點1 【辨】work，job，career,works
work指抽象工作，不可數(shù)名詞;job指具體工作，可數(shù)名詞;career指事業(yè)，等同于profession;works泛指作品;工程;工廠。
語言點2 “大量，很多”有多種表達方式：
1)many常修飾可數(shù)名詞：many mistakes許多錯誤;many books許多書
2)a lot of=lots of既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞：a lot of excitement許多刺激;lots of words很多單詞
3)a great/good lot大量，許多(口語)：a great /good lot fun大量的玩笑
4)a whole lot of一大堆，許多：a whole lot of paper一大堆紙
5)a great number of很多的(多用于寫作中)，常修飾可數(shù)名詞
6)a great many很多的(多用于寫作中)，常修飾可數(shù)名詞
6.He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia.
他剛買了一輛澳洲產(chǎn)的小汽車，現(xiàn)在去了在澳大利亞中部的一個小城鎮(zhèn)，艾莉斯普林斯。
語言點1 比較兩個句子：He has gone to the cinema.他去了電*。(還沒有回來)
He has been to the cinema.他曾經(jīng)去過電*。(現(xiàn)已回來)
語言點2 Alice springs, a small town in the center of Australia后者為前者的同位語，對前者進一步說明。
語言點3 a small town in the centre of Australia此部分為介詞短語做后置定語的結(jié)構，in the centre of Australia為介詞in引導的短語，修飾a small town，說明其地理位置。
7.He will soon visit Darwin.
很快，他將去參觀達爾文。
語言點 1)visit somewhere參觀某地：visit Shanghai參觀上海;visit Zhouzhuang參觀周莊
2)visit sb.拜訪某人：visit my uncle看望我的伯父;visit closet classmate拜訪親密的同學
8.From there, he will fly to Perth.
從那里，他將飛往珀斯。
語言點 比較學習：
1)fly to=go by plane乘飛機到某地
2)drive to somewhere開車去某地
3)walk to somewhere走到某地
9.My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.
我弟弟以前從來沒有出過國，所以他覺得他的這次旅行非常激動人心。
語言點1 before單獨放在句尾表示從前，常與完成時連用。
語言點2 very exciting補充說明this trip,做賓語補足語。