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2017年6月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)翻譯寒假練習(xí)題(七)
英語四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí):儒家思想
請(qǐng)將下面這段話翻譯成英文:
儒家思想(Confucianism)是中國(guó)影響大的思想流派,也是中國(guó)古代的主流意識(shí)。自漢代以來,儒家思想就是封建統(tǒng)治階級(jí)(feudal ruling class)的指導(dǎo)思想之一。儒家思想的核心其實(shí)是一種人道主義(humanism )。它提倡自我修養(yǎng),認(rèn)為人是可教化的、可完善的。儒家思想的一個(gè)宏大的目標(biāo)就是實(shí)現(xiàn)“大同社會(huì)”,在這樣的一個(gè)社會(huì)中,每個(gè)人都能扮演好自己的角色,并與他人維持良好的關(guān)系。
◆參考翻譯:
Confucianism
Confucianism is the largest Chinese school ofthoughts, and the mainstream consciousness ofthe ancient China. Confucianism had been one of theruling doctrines of the feudal ruling class since theHan Dynasty. The core of Confucianism is actually a kind of humanism. It advocates self-cultivation, and believes that human beings are teachable and improvable. A grand goal ofConfucianism is to achieve a harmonious society in which each individual plays his or her partwell, and maintains a good relationship with others.
1.思想流派:可譯為school of thoughts。
2.指導(dǎo)思想:可譯為ruling doctrine,也可直譯為guiding ideology。
3.自我修養(yǎng):應(yīng)翻譯為self-cultivation。cultivate除了有“耕種;照料”之意,還可以表示“修養(yǎng),改善”。
4.可教化的、可完善的:都可以使用動(dòng)詞加上“-able”這一形容詞后綴的構(gòu)詞法,故分別為teachable和improvable。
5.大同社會(huì):孔子所提出的“大同”的特征是:“大道之行也,天下為公。選賢與能,講信修睦…”從字面上也可看出,“大同”即為“和諧”之意, 故“大同社會(huì)”可譯為 harmonious society 或 perfect society。
6.每個(gè)人:除可譯為everybody、everyone以外,還可譯為each individual, 更加強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體?!鞍缪莺媚橙说慕巧奔礊閜lay one's part/role well。
英語四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí):十二生肖
請(qǐng)將下面這段話翻譯成英文:
十二生肖(the twelve Chinese Zodiacs)是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分,它們?cè)从谧匀唤绲?1種動(dòng)物和一個(gè)民族圖騰(totem)。十二生肖代表動(dòng)物的性格特點(diǎn)各不相同。到了龍年或虎年,人們常說“生龍活虎”;馬年人們會(huì)說“馬到成功”;豬在中國(guó)人的眼里是“寶”的意思;牛是勤勞(diligence )的象征,這一點(diǎn)在魯迅的詩(shī)句“俯首甘為孺子?!敝杏兄昝赖捏w現(xiàn)。
◆參考翻譯:
The Twelve Chinese Zodiacs
The twelve Chinese Zodiacs, including eleven animalsin the nature and a national totem, play animportant role in the Chinese traditional culture.The twelve symbolic animals have their owncharacteristics. In the Year of Dragon or the Year of Tiger, people will say shenglonghuohu—full of vim and vigor; in the Year of Horse, people will say madaochenggong—to gain animmediate success. In Chinese eyes, pig is a “treasure”. Ox is a symbol of diligence, which iswell presented in the verse by Lu Xun一an outstanding writer in China, “head bowed, like awilling ox I serve the children”.
1.生龍活虎、馬到成功:中國(guó)成語在翻譯時(shí)可以先譯為拼音,再進(jìn)一步解釋其內(nèi)涵?!吧埢罨ⅰ奔础熬Τ渑妫盍λ纳洹?,可譯為vim and vigor; “馬到成功”即“快速獲得成功”可譯為gain an immediate success。
2.牛:生肖中的“?!庇胦x來表達(dá),而不用如cattle, cow,bull等其他表示“?!?的詞。
3.俯首甘為孺子牛:可直譯為Head bowed, like a willingox I serve the children;或者根據(jù)其表達(dá)的“愿意為弱小服務(wù)的精神”譯為modesty combined with thespirit of willingly serving the young and weak。同時(shí),譯文要簡(jiǎn)略給出魯迅的身份,以使譯文內(nèi)容更為周全。
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