First listen and then answer the following question.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
Why is there no risk to the customer when a bank prints the customer's name on his cheques?
When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may demand at any time, either in cash or by drawing a cheque in favour of another person. Primarily, the banker-customer relationship is that of debtor and creditor -- who is which depending on whether the customer's account is in credit or is overdrawn. But, in addition to that basically simple concept, the bank and its customer owe a large number of obligations to one another. Many of these obligations can give rise to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is loaded against him.
The bank must obey its customer's instructions, and not those of anyone else. When, for example, a customer first opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit his account only in respect of cheques drawn by himself. He gives the bank specimens of his signature, and there is a very firm rule that the bank has no right or authority to pay out a customer's money on a cheque on which its customer's signature has been forged. It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very skilful one: the bank must recognize its customer's signature. For this reason there is no risk to the customer in the practice, adopted by banks, of printing the customer's name on his cheques. If this facilitates forgery, it is the bank which will lose, not the customer.
GORDON BARRIE and AUBREY L. DLAMOND The Consumer Society and the Law
【New words and expressions 生詞和短語】
current adj. 通用的，流行的
account n. 賬戶
cash n. 現(xiàn)金
cheque n. 支票
debtor n. 借方
creditor n. 貸方
obligation n. 義務(wù)
complication n. 糾紛
debit v. 把...記入借方
specimen n. 樣本
forge v. 偽造
forgery n. 偽造(文件，簽名等)
adopt v. 采用
facilitate v. 使便利
【課文注釋】
1. open a current account，開一個活期賬號。
①current作名詞，(水、氣)流;電流
例句：The swimmer was swept away by the current.
那個游泳的人被激流卷走了。
例句：This button switches the current on.
這個電鈕接通電流。
②current作形容詞，當(dāng)下的，現(xiàn)在的
例句：This word is no longer in current use.
這個詞現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再使用。
current account=checking account，活期賬戶
③currency作名詞，貨幣
例句：The president proclaimed that a new currency would be issued.
總統(tǒng)宣布將發(fā)行新貨幣。
2. draw a cheque in favor of...，開一張以……為收款人的支票。
in favor of表示贊成，支持，有利于：If you are in favor of something, you support it and think that it is a good thing.
例句：Public opinion was moving strongly in favor of disarmament.
公眾輿論正在強(qiáng)烈支持裁軍。
3. who is which depending on...is overdrawn，這是現(xiàn)在分詞短語depending on...is overdrawn的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。who is which是分詞短語意思上的主語，which代表debtor or creditor。
4.owe to欠人錢;歸功于……。
①If you owe money to someone, they have lent it to you and you have not yet paid it back. 欠某人錢(或貨物)。
例句：The company owes money to more than 60 banks.
這家公司欠了60幾家銀行的錢。
②owe sth to...將某事物歸因﹑ 歸源或歸功于……。
例句：He owes his success more to luck than to ability.
他認(rèn)為他的成功是靠運(yùn)氣而不是因為自己有能力。
5.give rise to，引起，導(dǎo)致。
和cause/ result in意思相近，但give rise to后面加名詞。
例句:The man's furtive manner gave rise to the suspicion of the theft among the policemen. 那個男人鬼鬼祟祟的樣子，引起警察懷疑盜竊案是他作的案。
6.be loaded against...，于……不利。
load the dice against sb (通常用于被動語態(tài))：使某人處不利地位。
例句：Having lost both his parents when he was a child, he always felt that the dice were loaded against him.
他因自小失去雙親，總覺得處處受人欺負(fù)。
7.in respect of關(guān)于，就……而言。
例句：The book is admirable in respect of style.
這本書風(fēng)格極佳。
respected 被人尊敬的
respectable 值得尊敬的
respectful 尊敬他人的
respective 分別的，各自的
8.facilitate使更容易發(fā)生。
To facilitate an action or process, especially one that you would like to happen, means to make it easier or more likely to happen.
例句：It would facilitate matters if you were more co-operative.
要是你再合作些就省事了。
【參考譯文】
任何人在銀行開一個活期賬戶，就等于把錢借給了銀行。這筆錢他可以隨時提取，提取的方式可以是取現(xiàn)金，也可以是開一張以他人為收款人的支票。銀行與儲戶的關(guān)系主要是債務(wù)人和債權(quán)人的關(guān)系。究竟誰是債務(wù)人誰是債權(quán)人，要看儲戶是有結(jié)余還是透支。除了這一基本的簡單的概念外，銀行和儲戶彼此還需承擔(dān)大量義務(wù)。其中許多義務(wù)往往引起問題和糾紛。但是儲戶不能像貨物的買主那樣來抱怨法律對自己不利。
銀行必須遵照儲戶的囑托辦事，不能聽從其他人的指令。比如，儲戶首次在銀行開戶時，囑咐銀行他的存款只能憑本世人簽字的支票來提取。他把自己簽名的樣本交給銀行，對此有一條非常嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定：銀行沒有任何權(quán)利或理由把儲戶的錢讓偽造儲戶的支票取走。即使偽造得很巧妙，也不能付款，因為銀行有責(zé)任辨認(rèn)出其儲戶的簽名。因此，某些銀行已采用把儲戶印在支票上的作法。這種做法對儲戶毫無風(fēng)險。如果因這種作法出現(xiàn)了偽造的話，受損失的將不是儲戶，而是銀行。
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
Why is there no risk to the customer when a bank prints the customer's name on his cheques?
When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may demand at any time, either in cash or by drawing a cheque in favour of another person. Primarily, the banker-customer relationship is that of debtor and creditor -- who is which depending on whether the customer's account is in credit or is overdrawn. But, in addition to that basically simple concept, the bank and its customer owe a large number of obligations to one another. Many of these obligations can give rise to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is loaded against him.
The bank must obey its customer's instructions, and not those of anyone else. When, for example, a customer first opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit his account only in respect of cheques drawn by himself. He gives the bank specimens of his signature, and there is a very firm rule that the bank has no right or authority to pay out a customer's money on a cheque on which its customer's signature has been forged. It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very skilful one: the bank must recognize its customer's signature. For this reason there is no risk to the customer in the practice, adopted by banks, of printing the customer's name on his cheques. If this facilitates forgery, it is the bank which will lose, not the customer.
GORDON BARRIE and AUBREY L. DLAMOND The Consumer Society and the Law
【New words and expressions 生詞和短語】
current adj. 通用的，流行的
account n. 賬戶
cash n. 現(xiàn)金
cheque n. 支票
debtor n. 借方
creditor n. 貸方
obligation n. 義務(wù)
complication n. 糾紛
debit v. 把...記入借方
specimen n. 樣本
forge v. 偽造
forgery n. 偽造(文件，簽名等)
adopt v. 采用
facilitate v. 使便利
【課文注釋】
1. open a current account，開一個活期賬號。
①current作名詞，(水、氣)流;電流
例句：The swimmer was swept away by the current.
那個游泳的人被激流卷走了。
例句：This button switches the current on.
這個電鈕接通電流。
②current作形容詞，當(dāng)下的，現(xiàn)在的
例句：This word is no longer in current use.
這個詞現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再使用。
current account=checking account，活期賬戶
③currency作名詞，貨幣
例句：The president proclaimed that a new currency would be issued.
總統(tǒng)宣布將發(fā)行新貨幣。
2. draw a cheque in favor of...，開一張以……為收款人的支票。
in favor of表示贊成，支持，有利于：If you are in favor of something, you support it and think that it is a good thing.
例句：Public opinion was moving strongly in favor of disarmament.
公眾輿論正在強(qiáng)烈支持裁軍。
3. who is which depending on...is overdrawn，這是現(xiàn)在分詞短語depending on...is overdrawn的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。who is which是分詞短語意思上的主語，which代表debtor or creditor。
4.owe to欠人錢;歸功于……。
①If you owe money to someone, they have lent it to you and you have not yet paid it back. 欠某人錢(或貨物)。
例句：The company owes money to more than 60 banks.
這家公司欠了60幾家銀行的錢。
②owe sth to...將某事物歸因﹑ 歸源或歸功于……。
例句：He owes his success more to luck than to ability.
他認(rèn)為他的成功是靠運(yùn)氣而不是因為自己有能力。
5.give rise to，引起，導(dǎo)致。
和cause/ result in意思相近，但give rise to后面加名詞。
例句:The man's furtive manner gave rise to the suspicion of the theft among the policemen. 那個男人鬼鬼祟祟的樣子，引起警察懷疑盜竊案是他作的案。
6.be loaded against...，于……不利。
load the dice against sb (通常用于被動語態(tài))：使某人處不利地位。
例句：Having lost both his parents when he was a child, he always felt that the dice were loaded against him.
他因自小失去雙親，總覺得處處受人欺負(fù)。
7.in respect of關(guān)于，就……而言。
例句：The book is admirable in respect of style.
這本書風(fēng)格極佳。
respected 被人尊敬的
respectable 值得尊敬的
respectful 尊敬他人的
respective 分別的，各自的
8.facilitate使更容易發(fā)生。
To facilitate an action or process, especially one that you would like to happen, means to make it easier or more likely to happen.
例句：It would facilitate matters if you were more co-operative.
要是你再合作些就省事了。
【參考譯文】
任何人在銀行開一個活期賬戶，就等于把錢借給了銀行。這筆錢他可以隨時提取，提取的方式可以是取現(xiàn)金，也可以是開一張以他人為收款人的支票。銀行與儲戶的關(guān)系主要是債務(wù)人和債權(quán)人的關(guān)系。究竟誰是債務(wù)人誰是債權(quán)人，要看儲戶是有結(jié)余還是透支。除了這一基本的簡單的概念外，銀行和儲戶彼此還需承擔(dān)大量義務(wù)。其中許多義務(wù)往往引起問題和糾紛。但是儲戶不能像貨物的買主那樣來抱怨法律對自己不利。
銀行必須遵照儲戶的囑托辦事，不能聽從其他人的指令。比如，儲戶首次在銀行開戶時，囑咐銀行他的存款只能憑本世人簽字的支票來提取。他把自己簽名的樣本交給銀行，對此有一條非常嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定：銀行沒有任何權(quán)利或理由把儲戶的錢讓偽造儲戶的支票取走。即使偽造得很巧妙，也不能付款，因為銀行有責(zé)任辨認(rèn)出其儲戶的簽名。因此，某些銀行已采用把儲戶印在支票上的作法。這種做法對儲戶毫無風(fēng)險。如果因這種作法出現(xiàn)了偽造的話，受損失的將不是儲戶，而是銀行。