Lesson51Predicting the Future 預(yù)測未來
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
Predicting the future is notoriously difficult. Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers would be as common in people's homes as TV sets? In the 1970s, computers were common enough, but only in big business, government departments, and large organizations. These were the so-called mainframe machines. Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians and run on specially-written software. Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful personal computers, commonly known as PCs.
In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA. It can properly be described as the first 'home computer' and it pointed the way to the future. This was followed, at the end of the 1970s, by a machine called an Apple. In the early 1980s, the computer giant, IBM produced the world's first Personal Computer. This ran on an 'operating system' called DOS, produced by a then small company named Microsoft. The IBM Personal Computer was widely copied. From those humble beginnings, we have seen the development of the user-friendly home computers and multimedia machines which are in common use today.
Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s, an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today. Bagrit dismissed the idea that computers would learn to 'think' for themselves and would 'rule the world', which people liked to believe in those days. Bagrit foresaw a time when computers would be small enough to hold in the hand, when they would be capable of providing information about traffic jams and suggesting alternative routes, when they would be used in hospitals to help doctors to diagnose illnesses, when they would relieve office workers and accountants of dull, repetitive clerical work. All these computer uses have become commonplace. Of course, Leon Bagrit could not possibly have foreseen the development of the Internet, the worldwide system that enables us to communicate instantly with anyone in any part of the world by using computers linked to telephone networks. Nor could he have foreseen how we could use the Internet to obtain information on every known subject, so we can read it on a screen in our homes and even print it as well if we want to. Computers have become smaller and smaller, more and more powerful and cheaper and cheaper. This is what makes Leon Bagrit's predictions particularly remarkable. If he, or someone like him, were alive today, he might be able to tell us what to expect in the next fifty years.
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1.Predicting the future is notoriously difficult.
眾所周知，預(yù)測未來是非常困難的。
語言點:sth.is notoriously difficult的意思是“做某事是非常困難的?！?BR> 2.Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers would be as common in people's homes as TV sets?
舉個例子吧，在20世紀70年代中葉又有誰能想得到在20世紀末的時候，家庭用的計算機會像電視機一樣普遍？
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:thatz引導(dǎo)賓語從句，交代have imagined的內(nèi)容。
3.In the 1970s, computers were common enough, but only in big business, government departments, and large organizations.
在70年代，計算機已經(jīng)相當普及了，但只用在大公司，政府部門和大的組織之中?！?BR> 4.These were the so-called mainframe machines.
它們被稱為主機。
5.Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians and run on specially-written software.
計算機主機確實很大，常常占據(jù)了裝有空調(diào)的多間房間，雇用專職的技師，而且得用專門編寫的軟件才能運行。
6.Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful personal computers, commonly known as PCs.
雖然這種大計算機仍然存在，但它們的許多功能已被體積小但功能齊全的個人電腦—即我們常說的 PC機—所代替了。
語言點:與“電腦”相關(guān)的詞匯總結(jié):
PC（Personal Computer）個人電腦
Home computer 家用電腦
deskstop 臺式電腦
laptop 筆記本電腦
palmtop 掌上電腦
penputer 筆觸式電腦
teleputer 電視電腦
7.In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA.
1975年，美國推出了一臺被稱為“牛郎星”的原始機型。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:be launched可用于說明火箭，飛船，導(dǎo)彈，衛(wèi)星，航天飛機等的發(fā)射，亦可以用于說明某個產(chǎn)品的推出。
8.It can properly be described as the first 'home computer' and it pointed the way to the future.
嚴格地說起來，它可以被稱為第一臺“家用電腦”，而且它也指了今后的方向。
語言點:point the way to的意思是“指出…的方向。”
9.This was followed, at the end of the 1970s, by a machine called an Apple.
70年代末，在牛郎星之后又出現(xiàn)了一種被稱為“蘋果”的機型。
10.In the early 1980s, the computer giant, IBM produced the world's first Personal Computer.
80年代初，計算機行業(yè)的王牌公司美國國際商用機器公司（IBM）生產(chǎn)出了世界上第一臺個人電腦。
語言點:computer giant的意思是“計算機巨頭”，在這里指的是IBM公司。
11.This ran on an 'operating system' called DOS, produced by a then small company named Microsoft.
這種電腦采用了一種被稱為磁盤操作系統(tǒng)（DOS）的工作程序，而這種程序是由當時規(guī)模不大的微軟公司生產(chǎn)的。
12.The IBM Personal Computer was widely copied.
IBM的個人電腦被大規(guī)模地模仿。
語言點:be widely copied的意思是“被大規(guī)模地仿制”。
13.From those humble beginnings, we have seen the development of the user-friendly home computers and multimedia machines which are in common use today.
從那些簡陋的初級階段，我們看到了現(xiàn)在都已普及的、使用簡便的家用電腦和多媒體的微機的發(fā)展。
語言點:be in common use的意思是“被廣泛使用。”
14.Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s, an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today.
想一想這些發(fā)展的時間多么短，就更覺得英國人萊昂.巴格瑞特有著非凡的能力。他在60年代就能預(yù)言我們今天知道的計算機的一些用途。
15.Bagrit dismissed the idea that computers would learn to 'think' for themselves and would 'rule the world', which people liked to believe in those days.
巴格瑞特根本不接受計算機可以學會自己去“思考”和計算可以“統(tǒng)治世界”這種想法，而這種想法是當時的人們都愿意相信的。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。
語言點2:in those days的意思是“當時，在那時?！?BR> 16.Bagrit foresaw a time when computers would be small enough to hold in the hand, when they would be capable of providing information about traffic jams and suggesting alternative routes, when they would be used in hospitals to help doctors to diagnose illnesses, when they would relieve office workers and accountants of dull, repetitive clerical work.
巴格瑞特預(yù)示有一天計算機可以小到拿在手上，計算機可以使辦公室人員和會計免除那些枯燥、重復(fù)的勞動。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:注意3個when they…形成平行結(jié)構(gòu)。
17.All these computer uses have become commonplace.
計算機的所有這些功能現(xiàn)在都變得很平常。
18.Of course, Leon Bagrit could not possibly have foreseen the development of the Internet, the worldwide system that enables us to communicate instantly with anyone in any part of the world by using computers linked to telephone networks.
當然了，萊昂.巴格瑞特根本沒有可能預(yù)測到國際交互網(wǎng)—就是把計算機連結(jié)到電話線路上，以便和世界上任何一個地方的人立即進行聯(lián)系的一個世界范圍的通訊系統(tǒng)—的發(fā)展。
19.Nor could he have foreseen how we could use the Internet to obtain information on every known subject, so we can read it on a screen in our homes and even print it as well if we want to.
他也無法預(yù)測到我們可以利用國際交互網(wǎng)獲取有關(guān)任何已知專題的信息，以便在家里的屏幕上閱讀，如果愿意的話甚至可以將其打印出來。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:nor放在句首引起部分倒裝，表示強調(diào)。
20.Computers have become smaller and smaller, more and more powerful and cheaper and cheaper.
計算機已經(jīng)變得體積越來越小，功能越來越多，價格越來越低。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:重復(fù)使用比較級還是為了強調(diào)句意。
21.This is what makes Leon Bagrit's predictions particularly remarkable.
這就是萊昂巴格瑞特的預(yù)測非凡的地方。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:what引導(dǎo)表語從句。
22.If he, or someone like him, were alive today, he might be able to tell us what to expect in the next fifty years.
如果他或是像他的什么人今天還活著的話，他大概可以告訴我們下一個50年后會發(fā)生什么事情。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:if引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣的句子。
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
Predicting the future is notoriously difficult. Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers would be as common in people's homes as TV sets? In the 1970s, computers were common enough, but only in big business, government departments, and large organizations. These were the so-called mainframe machines. Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians and run on specially-written software. Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful personal computers, commonly known as PCs.
In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA. It can properly be described as the first 'home computer' and it pointed the way to the future. This was followed, at the end of the 1970s, by a machine called an Apple. In the early 1980s, the computer giant, IBM produced the world's first Personal Computer. This ran on an 'operating system' called DOS, produced by a then small company named Microsoft. The IBM Personal Computer was widely copied. From those humble beginnings, we have seen the development of the user-friendly home computers and multimedia machines which are in common use today.
Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s, an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today. Bagrit dismissed the idea that computers would learn to 'think' for themselves and would 'rule the world', which people liked to believe in those days. Bagrit foresaw a time when computers would be small enough to hold in the hand, when they would be capable of providing information about traffic jams and suggesting alternative routes, when they would be used in hospitals to help doctors to diagnose illnesses, when they would relieve office workers and accountants of dull, repetitive clerical work. All these computer uses have become commonplace. Of course, Leon Bagrit could not possibly have foreseen the development of the Internet, the worldwide system that enables us to communicate instantly with anyone in any part of the world by using computers linked to telephone networks. Nor could he have foreseen how we could use the Internet to obtain information on every known subject, so we can read it on a screen in our homes and even print it as well if we want to. Computers have become smaller and smaller, more and more powerful and cheaper and cheaper. This is what makes Leon Bagrit's predictions particularly remarkable. If he, or someone like him, were alive today, he might be able to tell us what to expect in the next fifty years.
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1.Predicting the future is notoriously difficult.
眾所周知，預(yù)測未來是非常困難的。
語言點:sth.is notoriously difficult的意思是“做某事是非常困難的?！?BR> 2.Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers would be as common in people's homes as TV sets?
舉個例子吧，在20世紀70年代中葉又有誰能想得到在20世紀末的時候，家庭用的計算機會像電視機一樣普遍？
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:thatz引導(dǎo)賓語從句，交代have imagined的內(nèi)容。
3.In the 1970s, computers were common enough, but only in big business, government departments, and large organizations.
在70年代，計算機已經(jīng)相當普及了，但只用在大公司，政府部門和大的組織之中?！?BR> 4.These were the so-called mainframe machines.
它們被稱為主機。
5.Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians and run on specially-written software.
計算機主機確實很大，常常占據(jù)了裝有空調(diào)的多間房間，雇用專職的技師，而且得用專門編寫的軟件才能運行。
6.Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful personal computers, commonly known as PCs.
雖然這種大計算機仍然存在，但它們的許多功能已被體積小但功能齊全的個人電腦—即我們常說的 PC機—所代替了。
語言點:與“電腦”相關(guān)的詞匯總結(jié):
PC（Personal Computer）個人電腦
Home computer 家用電腦
deskstop 臺式電腦
laptop 筆記本電腦
palmtop 掌上電腦
penputer 筆觸式電腦
teleputer 電視電腦
7.In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA.
1975年，美國推出了一臺被稱為“牛郎星”的原始機型。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:be launched可用于說明火箭，飛船，導(dǎo)彈，衛(wèi)星，航天飛機等的發(fā)射，亦可以用于說明某個產(chǎn)品的推出。
8.It can properly be described as the first 'home computer' and it pointed the way to the future.
嚴格地說起來，它可以被稱為第一臺“家用電腦”，而且它也指了今后的方向。
語言點:point the way to的意思是“指出…的方向。”
9.This was followed, at the end of the 1970s, by a machine called an Apple.
70年代末，在牛郎星之后又出現(xiàn)了一種被稱為“蘋果”的機型。
10.In the early 1980s, the computer giant, IBM produced the world's first Personal Computer.
80年代初，計算機行業(yè)的王牌公司美國國際商用機器公司（IBM）生產(chǎn)出了世界上第一臺個人電腦。
語言點:computer giant的意思是“計算機巨頭”，在這里指的是IBM公司。
11.This ran on an 'operating system' called DOS, produced by a then small company named Microsoft.
這種電腦采用了一種被稱為磁盤操作系統(tǒng)（DOS）的工作程序，而這種程序是由當時規(guī)模不大的微軟公司生產(chǎn)的。
12.The IBM Personal Computer was widely copied.
IBM的個人電腦被大規(guī)模地模仿。
語言點:be widely copied的意思是“被大規(guī)模地仿制”。
13.From those humble beginnings, we have seen the development of the user-friendly home computers and multimedia machines which are in common use today.
從那些簡陋的初級階段，我們看到了現(xiàn)在都已普及的、使用簡便的家用電腦和多媒體的微機的發(fā)展。
語言點:be in common use的意思是“被廣泛使用。”
14.Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s, an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today.
想一想這些發(fā)展的時間多么短，就更覺得英國人萊昂.巴格瑞特有著非凡的能力。他在60年代就能預(yù)言我們今天知道的計算機的一些用途。
15.Bagrit dismissed the idea that computers would learn to 'think' for themselves and would 'rule the world', which people liked to believe in those days.
巴格瑞特根本不接受計算機可以學會自己去“思考”和計算可以“統(tǒng)治世界”這種想法，而這種想法是當時的人們都愿意相信的。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。
語言點2:in those days的意思是“當時，在那時?！?BR> 16.Bagrit foresaw a time when computers would be small enough to hold in the hand, when they would be capable of providing information about traffic jams and suggesting alternative routes, when they would be used in hospitals to help doctors to diagnose illnesses, when they would relieve office workers and accountants of dull, repetitive clerical work.
巴格瑞特預(yù)示有一天計算機可以小到拿在手上，計算機可以使辦公室人員和會計免除那些枯燥、重復(fù)的勞動。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:注意3個when they…形成平行結(jié)構(gòu)。
17.All these computer uses have become commonplace.
計算機的所有這些功能現(xiàn)在都變得很平常。
18.Of course, Leon Bagrit could not possibly have foreseen the development of the Internet, the worldwide system that enables us to communicate instantly with anyone in any part of the world by using computers linked to telephone networks.
當然了，萊昂.巴格瑞特根本沒有可能預(yù)測到國際交互網(wǎng)—就是把計算機連結(jié)到電話線路上，以便和世界上任何一個地方的人立即進行聯(lián)系的一個世界范圍的通訊系統(tǒng)—的發(fā)展。
19.Nor could he have foreseen how we could use the Internet to obtain information on every known subject, so we can read it on a screen in our homes and even print it as well if we want to.
他也無法預(yù)測到我們可以利用國際交互網(wǎng)獲取有關(guān)任何已知專題的信息，以便在家里的屏幕上閱讀，如果愿意的話甚至可以將其打印出來。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:nor放在句首引起部分倒裝，表示強調(diào)。
20.Computers have become smaller and smaller, more and more powerful and cheaper and cheaper.
計算機已經(jīng)變得體積越來越小，功能越來越多，價格越來越低。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:重復(fù)使用比較級還是為了強調(diào)句意。
21.This is what makes Leon Bagrit's predictions particularly remarkable.
這就是萊昂巴格瑞特的預(yù)測非凡的地方。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:what引導(dǎo)表語從句。
22.If he, or someone like him, were alive today, he might be able to tell us what to expect in the next fifty years.
如果他或是像他的什么人今天還活著的話，他大概可以告訴我們下一個50年后會發(fā)生什么事情。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:if引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣的句子。