Lesson40Who's Who 真假難辨
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims. When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1.It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else.
誰也弄不清為什么大學生好像比任何人都更喜歡惡作劇。
語言點1:it是形式主語，真正的主語是why引導的從句。
語言點2:university student的意思是“大學生”。
2.Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax.
大學生擅長一種特殊的惡作劇—戲弄人。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:冒號之后的內(nèi)容起進一步解釋說明的作用。
3.Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in.
請消防隊來撲滅一場根本沒有的大火是一種低級騙局，有自尊心的大學生決不會去做。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:inviting…a nonexistent fire是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作主語。Which引導定語從句，修飾deception。
4.Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims.
大學生們常常做的是制造一種可笑的局面，使大家笑上一場，當然受害者是笑不出來的。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導定語從句，修飾situations,說明“是…的局面”。
語言點2:victim表示“受害者”。
5.When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill.
近有個學生看見兩個工人在學校門外用風鉆干活，馬上打電話報告警察，說有兩個學生裝扮成工人，正在用風鉆破壞路面。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導時間狀語從句。saw two workmen using為“感官動詞+v.ing”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“看到了整個動作的全過程”。
6.As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously.
掛上電話后，他又馬上來到工人那兒，告訴他們?nèi)粲袀€警察來讓他們走開，不要把他當回事。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:as soon as引導時間狀語從句。That引導賓語從句，交代told的內(nèi)容。
語言點2:take sb.seriously的意思是“嚴肅地對待某人”。
7.He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people.
還對工人說，有個學生常裝扮成警察無聊地同別人開玩笑。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導賓語從句，說明added的內(nèi)容。
8.Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
警察與工人都對那個學生事先通報情況表示感謝。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:本句的核心結(jié)構(gòu)是sb.be grateful to sb.for sth.(某人因某事而感激某人)。
9.The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on.
那個學生躲在附近一拱形的門廊里，在那兒可以看見、聽到現(xiàn)場發(fā)生的一切。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:where引導定語從句，修飾archway,注意并不是修飾副詞nearby。That也引導定語從句，修飾everything。
10.Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away.
果然，警察來了，不禮貌地請工人離開此地。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:sure enough的意思是“果不其然”。
11.When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force.
但其中一個工人粗魯?shù)鼗亓藥拙?。于是警察威脅要強行使他們離開。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導時間狀語從句。
語言點2:threaten by force的意思是“嚴厲警告”。
12.The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help.
工人說，悉聽尊便。警察去打電話叫人。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:as引導方式狀語從句。
語言點2:telephoned for help的意思是“打電話請求支援”。
13.Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen.
一會兒工夫，又來了4個警察，規(guī)勸工人離開。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:and連接警察“來了”和“規(guī)勸”這兩個先后發(fā)生的動作。
14.As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill.
由于工人拒絕停下手中的活，警察想奪風鉆。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:as引導原因狀語從句，說明警察想奪風鉆的原因。
15.The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper.
兩個工人奮力抗爭，其中一個發(fā)了火。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:and連接兩個并列關(guān)系的簡單句。
語言點2: lost his temper意思是“發(fā)火，發(fā)脾氣”。
16. He threatened to call the police.
威脅說要去叫警察。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:動詞不定式短語to call the police作賓語。
17. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest.
警察聽后譏諷地說，這大可不必，因為他倆已被逮捕了。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:at this相當于at that situation，是“在這種情況下”的意思。That引導賓語從句，交代pointed out的內(nèi)容。As引導原因狀語從句。
18. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station.
其中一個工人裝模作樣地問道，在被帶往警察局之前，是否可以打一個電話。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:if引導賓語從句，說明asked的內(nèi)容。Before引導時間狀語從句。
19. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone.
警察同意了，陪他來到一個投幣地電話前。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:被動語態(tài)was granted用來強調(diào)警察的強硬態(tài)度。
語言點2:accompany sb.to的意思是“陪著某人去…”。
20. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
當他看到那個工人真的是給警察掛電話，才恍然大悟，原來他們都成一場騙局的受害者。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:第一個that引導賓語從句，說明saw的內(nèi)容。第二個that引導賓語從句，交代realise的內(nèi)容。
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims. When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1.It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else.
誰也弄不清為什么大學生好像比任何人都更喜歡惡作劇。
語言點1:it是形式主語，真正的主語是why引導的從句。
語言點2:university student的意思是“大學生”。
2.Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax.
大學生擅長一種特殊的惡作劇—戲弄人。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:冒號之后的內(nèi)容起進一步解釋說明的作用。
3.Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in.
請消防隊來撲滅一場根本沒有的大火是一種低級騙局，有自尊心的大學生決不會去做。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:inviting…a nonexistent fire是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作主語。Which引導定語從句，修飾deception。
4.Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims.
大學生們常常做的是制造一種可笑的局面，使大家笑上一場，當然受害者是笑不出來的。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導定語從句，修飾situations,說明“是…的局面”。
語言點2:victim表示“受害者”。
5.When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill.
近有個學生看見兩個工人在學校門外用風鉆干活，馬上打電話報告警察，說有兩個學生裝扮成工人，正在用風鉆破壞路面。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導時間狀語從句。saw two workmen using為“感官動詞+v.ing”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“看到了整個動作的全過程”。
6.As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously.
掛上電話后，他又馬上來到工人那兒，告訴他們?nèi)粲袀€警察來讓他們走開，不要把他當回事。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:as soon as引導時間狀語從句。That引導賓語從句，交代told的內(nèi)容。
語言點2:take sb.seriously的意思是“嚴肅地對待某人”。
7.He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people.
還對工人說，有個學生常裝扮成警察無聊地同別人開玩笑。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導賓語從句，說明added的內(nèi)容。
8.Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
警察與工人都對那個學生事先通報情況表示感謝。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:本句的核心結(jié)構(gòu)是sb.be grateful to sb.for sth.(某人因某事而感激某人)。
9.The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on.
那個學生躲在附近一拱形的門廊里，在那兒可以看見、聽到現(xiàn)場發(fā)生的一切。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:where引導定語從句，修飾archway,注意并不是修飾副詞nearby。That也引導定語從句，修飾everything。
10.Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away.
果然，警察來了，不禮貌地請工人離開此地。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:sure enough的意思是“果不其然”。
11.When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force.
但其中一個工人粗魯?shù)鼗亓藥拙?。于是警察威脅要強行使他們離開。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導時間狀語從句。
語言點2:threaten by force的意思是“嚴厲警告”。
12.The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help.
工人說，悉聽尊便。警察去打電話叫人。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:as引導方式狀語從句。
語言點2:telephoned for help的意思是“打電話請求支援”。
13.Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen.
一會兒工夫，又來了4個警察，規(guī)勸工人離開。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:and連接警察“來了”和“規(guī)勸”這兩個先后發(fā)生的動作。
14.As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill.
由于工人拒絕停下手中的活，警察想奪風鉆。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:as引導原因狀語從句，說明警察想奪風鉆的原因。
15.The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper.
兩個工人奮力抗爭，其中一個發(fā)了火。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:and連接兩個并列關(guān)系的簡單句。
語言點2: lost his temper意思是“發(fā)火，發(fā)脾氣”。
16. He threatened to call the police.
威脅說要去叫警察。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:動詞不定式短語to call the police作賓語。
17. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest.
警察聽后譏諷地說，這大可不必，因為他倆已被逮捕了。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:at this相當于at that situation，是“在這種情況下”的意思。That引導賓語從句，交代pointed out的內(nèi)容。As引導原因狀語從句。
18. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station.
其中一個工人裝模作樣地問道，在被帶往警察局之前，是否可以打一個電話。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:if引導賓語從句，說明asked的內(nèi)容。Before引導時間狀語從句。
19. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone.
警察同意了，陪他來到一個投幣地電話前。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:被動語態(tài)was granted用來強調(diào)警察的強硬態(tài)度。
語言點2:accompany sb.to的意思是“陪著某人去…”。
20. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
當他看到那個工人真的是給警察掛電話，才恍然大悟，原來他們都成一場騙局的受害者。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:第一個that引導賓語從句，說明saw的內(nèi)容。第二個that引導賓語從句，交代realise的內(nèi)容。