lesson27 Nothing to Sell and Nothing to Buy 不買也不賣
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge,philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.
Tramps seem to be the only exception to his general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences. He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free form the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1.It has been said that everyone lives by selling something.
據(jù)說每個人都靠出售某種東西來維持生活。
語言點:句子結構分析:it是形式主語，that引導的從句才是真正的主語。
2.In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge,philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort.
根據(jù)這種說法，教師靠賣知識為生，哲學家靠賣智慧為生，牧師靠賣精神安慰為生。
語言點:句子結構分析:philosophers和priests后面都承前省略了live,為了避免重復。
3.Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.
雖然物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品的價值可以用金錢來衡量，但要估算別人為我們?yōu)樗峁┑姆盏膬r值卻是極其困難的。
語言點:句子結構分析:though引導讓步狀語從句，交代“先決條件是…”。主句中的which引導定語從句，修飾services。
4. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service.
有時，我們?yōu)榱送炀壬?，愿意付出我們所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫給我們提供了這種服務后，我們卻可能為所支付的昂貴的費用而抱怨。
語言點:a high fee 高昂的費用
5. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.
社會上的情況就是如此，技術是必須付錢去買的，就像在商店里要花錢買商品一樣。
語言點:句子結構分析:such后面的that引導同位語從句，such是代詞。這個從句中的that引導的是一個定語從句，說明是“什么樣的方法”。
6. Everyone has something to sell.
人人都有東西可以出售。
語言點:句子結構分析:動詞不定式to sell充當something的后置定語。
7.Tramps seem to be the only exception to his general rule.
在這條普遍的規(guī)律前面，好像只有流浪漢是個例外。
語言點:句子結構分析:to his general rule作證句子的補充狀語。
8.Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by.
乞丐出售的幾乎是他本人，以引起過路人的憐憫。
語言點:句子結構分析:to arouse the pity of passers-by是動詞不定時短語，作目的狀語，即“出售本人的目的是引起過路人的憐憫”。
9.But real tramps are not beggars.
但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。
語言點:句子結構分析:這句話由but引導，是對上句內(nèi)容的轉折。
10. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others.
他們既不出售任何東西，也不需要從別人那兒得到任何東西。
語言點:句子結構分析:to sell作nothing的后置定語。兩個簡單句由and連接。
11. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity.
在追求獨立自由的同時，他們并不犧牲為人的尊嚴。
語言點:句子結構分析: in seeking…為固定搭配，意思是“在追求…的過程中”。
12. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him.
游浪漢可能會向你討錢，但他從來不要你可憐他。
語言點:句子結構分析:這個句子由兩個并列的分句構成，兩個分句中各含有一個重要短語ask sb.for sth.(向某人索要某物)，ask sb.to do sth.(要求某人做某事)。
13.He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences.
他是故意在選擇過那種生活的，并完全清楚以這種方式生活的后果。
語言點:句子結構分析:he leads作life的定語從句，前面省去了關系代詞that。
14.He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free form the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people.
他可能從不知道下頓飯有無著落，但他不像有人那樣被千萬樁愁事所折磨。
語言點:句子結構分析: where the next meal is coming from是謂語be sure所指的內(nèi)容，即賓語從句。Which引導定語從句，修飾anxieties,指“…的煩心事”。
15.His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease.
他幾乎沒有什么財產(chǎn)，這使他能夠輕松自如地在各地奔波。
語言點1:句子結構分析:it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是to move from place to place with ease。
語言點2:with ease相當于easily。
16. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do.
由于被迫在露天睡覺，他比我們中許多人都離大自然近得多。
語言點:句子結構分析:by having to sleep in the open是介詞短語，作原因狀語，意即“由于不得不露宿”。Get close to的意思是“接近…”。Get far closer to…than…的意思是“比…接近…得多”。Do代替get close to the world of nature。
17. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom.
為了生存，他可能會去打獵、乞討，偶爾偷上一兩回；確實需要的時候，他甚至可能干一點兒活，但他決不會犧牲自由。
語言點:句子結構分析:句中兩個分獲表明這桑簡單句均為并列關系。
18. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?
說起流浪漢，我們常常帶有輕蔑并把他們與乞丐歸為一類。但是，我們中有多少人能夠坦率地說我們對流浪漢的簡樸生活與無憂無慮的境況不感到有些羨慕呢？
語言點:句子結構分析:as beggars是class的定語。這里的as是關系代詞，意思是“他們和乞丐歸為同一類”。Their freedom from care的意思是“他們的無憂無慮”，freedom from care相當于free from care,只是由于句子結構和對詞性的要求而把free改為freedom。
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge,philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.
Tramps seem to be the only exception to his general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences. He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free form the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1.It has been said that everyone lives by selling something.
據(jù)說每個人都靠出售某種東西來維持生活。
語言點:句子結構分析:it是形式主語，that引導的從句才是真正的主語。
2.In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge,philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort.
根據(jù)這種說法，教師靠賣知識為生，哲學家靠賣智慧為生，牧師靠賣精神安慰為生。
語言點:句子結構分析:philosophers和priests后面都承前省略了live,為了避免重復。
3.Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.
雖然物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品的價值可以用金錢來衡量，但要估算別人為我們?yōu)樗峁┑姆盏膬r值卻是極其困難的。
語言點:句子結構分析:though引導讓步狀語從句，交代“先決條件是…”。主句中的which引導定語從句，修飾services。
4. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service.
有時，我們?yōu)榱送炀壬?，愿意付出我們所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫給我們提供了這種服務后，我們卻可能為所支付的昂貴的費用而抱怨。
語言點:a high fee 高昂的費用
5. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.
社會上的情況就是如此，技術是必須付錢去買的，就像在商店里要花錢買商品一樣。
語言點:句子結構分析:such后面的that引導同位語從句，such是代詞。這個從句中的that引導的是一個定語從句，說明是“什么樣的方法”。
6. Everyone has something to sell.
人人都有東西可以出售。
語言點:句子結構分析:動詞不定式to sell充當something的后置定語。
7.Tramps seem to be the only exception to his general rule.
在這條普遍的規(guī)律前面，好像只有流浪漢是個例外。
語言點:句子結構分析:to his general rule作證句子的補充狀語。
8.Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by.
乞丐出售的幾乎是他本人，以引起過路人的憐憫。
語言點:句子結構分析:to arouse the pity of passers-by是動詞不定時短語，作目的狀語，即“出售本人的目的是引起過路人的憐憫”。
9.But real tramps are not beggars.
但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。
語言點:句子結構分析:這句話由but引導，是對上句內(nèi)容的轉折。
10. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others.
他們既不出售任何東西，也不需要從別人那兒得到任何東西。
語言點:句子結構分析:to sell作nothing的后置定語。兩個簡單句由and連接。
11. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity.
在追求獨立自由的同時，他們并不犧牲為人的尊嚴。
語言點:句子結構分析: in seeking…為固定搭配，意思是“在追求…的過程中”。
12. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him.
游浪漢可能會向你討錢，但他從來不要你可憐他。
語言點:句子結構分析:這個句子由兩個并列的分句構成，兩個分句中各含有一個重要短語ask sb.for sth.(向某人索要某物)，ask sb.to do sth.(要求某人做某事)。
13.He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences.
他是故意在選擇過那種生活的，并完全清楚以這種方式生活的后果。
語言點:句子結構分析:he leads作life的定語從句，前面省去了關系代詞that。
14.He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free form the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people.
他可能從不知道下頓飯有無著落，但他不像有人那樣被千萬樁愁事所折磨。
語言點:句子結構分析: where the next meal is coming from是謂語be sure所指的內(nèi)容，即賓語從句。Which引導定語從句，修飾anxieties,指“…的煩心事”。
15.His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease.
他幾乎沒有什么財產(chǎn)，這使他能夠輕松自如地在各地奔波。
語言點1:句子結構分析:it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是to move from place to place with ease。
語言點2:with ease相當于easily。
16. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do.
由于被迫在露天睡覺，他比我們中許多人都離大自然近得多。
語言點:句子結構分析:by having to sleep in the open是介詞短語，作原因狀語，意即“由于不得不露宿”。Get close to的意思是“接近…”。Get far closer to…than…的意思是“比…接近…得多”。Do代替get close to the world of nature。
17. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom.
為了生存，他可能會去打獵、乞討，偶爾偷上一兩回；確實需要的時候，他甚至可能干一點兒活，但他決不會犧牲自由。
語言點:句子結構分析:句中兩個分獲表明這桑簡單句均為并列關系。
18. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?
說起流浪漢，我們常常帶有輕蔑并把他們與乞丐歸為一類。但是，我們中有多少人能夠坦率地說我們對流浪漢的簡樸生活與無憂無慮的境況不感到有些羨慕呢？
語言點:句子結構分析:as beggars是class的定語。這里的as是關系代詞，意思是“他們和乞丐歸為同一類”。Their freedom from care的意思是“他們的無憂無慮”，freedom from care相當于free from care,只是由于句子結構和對詞性的要求而把free改為freedom。