lesson25 The Cutty Sark 卡蒂薩克號(hào)
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich. She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year. She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia. The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae. Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England. This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead. It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck. In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was a danger that if she traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead. After crossing the Equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays. There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
新概念英語(yǔ)3逐句精講：
1.One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich.
人們?cè)诟窳滞稳钥煽吹?9世紀(jì)有名的帆船之一“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:the Cutty Sark作one of the most famous…century的同位語(yǔ)，起解釋說(shuō)明的作用。
2.She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year.
它停在陸地上，每年接待成千上萬(wàn)的參觀者。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:本句中的stand on不能翻譯為“站在…上”，正確的理解應(yīng)該是“停在…上”。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:thousands of不是“數(shù)千”的意思，而是“成千上萬(wàn)”。
3.She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past.
它給人們留下深刻的印象，使人們回憶起歷的巨型帆船。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句首的she指上文中的“帆船”，為擬人修辭格。
4. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia.
在蒸汽船取代帆船之前?！翱ǖ偎_克”號(hào)之類的帆船被用來(lái)從中國(guó)運(yùn)回茶葉，從澳大利亞運(yùn)回羊毛。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。And連接兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)“來(lái)自中國(guó)的茶葉”和“來(lái)自澳大利亞的羊毛”。
5. The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built.
“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)是帆船制造建造的快的一艘帆船。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾the fastest sailing ships,即“…樣的帆船”。
6. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae.
可以與之一比高低的是“塞姆皮雷”號(hào)帆船。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:主語(yǔ)ship前有三個(gè)修飾詞，它們的排列順序符合多個(gè)修飾詞修飾同一名詞的規(guī)律。
7.Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England.
兩船于1872年 6月18日同時(shí)從上海啟航駛往英國(guó)，途中展開(kāi)了一場(chǎng)激烈的比賽。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:both these ships相當(dāng)于both of these ships，強(qiáng)調(diào)是“兩艘船”。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:“set out from+somewhere+on+時(shí)間”為固定搭配，意為“某時(shí)從某地出發(fā)”。
8.This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind.
這場(chǎng)比賽持續(xù)了整整4個(gè)月，是這類比賽中的后。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)“比賽”進(jìn)行修飾，說(shuō)明是“持續(xù)了4個(gè)月的比賽”，for exactly four months突出時(shí)間之久。
9.It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
它標(biāo)志著帆船偉大傳統(tǒng)的結(jié)束與一個(gè)新紀(jì)元的開(kāi)始。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:it指代上文中所說(shuō)的race(比賽)。And連接兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)—“結(jié)束”和“開(kāi)始”。
10.The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead.
比賽開(kāi)始后，“賽姆皮雷”號(hào)率先抵達(dá)爪哇島。但在印度洋上，“卡薩薩克”號(hào)駛到了前面。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):take the lead的意思為“，帶頭”。應(yīng)特別注意的是，短語(yǔ)中的lead作名詞用，不作動(dòng)詞。
11.It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck.
看來(lái)，它首先返抵英國(guó)是確信無(wú)疑的了，但它卻在比賽中連遭厄運(yùn)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句she would be the first ship home,即“它首先返抵英國(guó)是…的”
12.In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away.
8月份“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)遭到一場(chǎng)特大風(fēng)暴的襲擊，失去了一只舵。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:during which為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾storm,如果還原成during the storm…,則重復(fù)了storm,顯得啰嗦，所以用which代替the storm。
13. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her.
船身左右搖晃，無(wú)法操縱。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):roll form side to side不可理解為“從一邊到另一邊搖晃著”，正確的譯法是“左右搖晃”，這樣更符合漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。
14. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty.
船員用備用的木板在船上趕制了一只應(yīng)急用的舵，并克服重重困難將舵安裝就位。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句中的temporary與spare均為“臨時(shí)備用的”之意，此處是為了避免重復(fù)而使用了兩個(gè)不同的詞。With great difficulty充當(dāng)was fitted的方式狀語(yǔ)，意思是“安裝起來(lái)很困難”。
15. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was a danger that if she traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well.
這樣一來(lái)，大大降低了船的航速。因?yàn)榇荒荛_(kāi)得太快，否則就有危險(xiǎn)，應(yīng)急舵也會(huì)被刮走。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。That引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，其中又含有一個(gè)由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，整個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)說(shuō)明“什么樣的危險(xiǎn)”。
16. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead.
因?yàn)檫@個(gè)緣故,“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)落到了后面。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:this指代“舵壞了，找替代品使用”這件事情。
17. After crossing the Equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead.
跨越赤道后，船長(zhǎng)將船?？吭谝粋€(gè)港口，在那兒換了一只舵。但此時(shí)，“賽姆皮雷”號(hào)早已在500多英里之遙了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:“after+現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)”是省略式的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。But連接兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句，間接說(shuō)明“兩只船的距離”。
18. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win.
盡管換裝新舵時(shí)分秒必爭(zhēng)，但“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)已經(jīng)不可能取勝了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明the Cutty Sark不可能取勝。
19. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae.
它抵達(dá)英國(guó)時(shí)比 “塞姆皮雷”號(hào)晚了1個(gè)星期。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:a week after…強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間是“比…晚了一周”。
20. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays.
但考慮到路上的多次耽擱，這個(gè)成績(jī)也已很不容易了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:even引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Considering that…是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作條件狀語(yǔ)，其中that引導(dǎo)的從句作consider的賓語(yǔ)。過(guò)去完成時(shí)had had說(shuō)明“多次耽擱”發(fā)生在取得成績(jī)之前，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。
21. There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，如果中途沒(méi)有失去舵，“卡帝薩克 ”號(hào)肯定能在比賽中輕易奪冠。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:there is no doubt that是固定搭配。If引導(dǎo)虛擬語(yǔ)氣，提出一個(gè)假設(shè)。
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich. She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year. She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia. The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae. Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England. This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead. It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck. In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was a danger that if she traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead. After crossing the Equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays. There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
新概念英語(yǔ)3逐句精講：
1.One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich.
人們?cè)诟窳滞稳钥煽吹?9世紀(jì)有名的帆船之一“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:the Cutty Sark作one of the most famous…century的同位語(yǔ)，起解釋說(shuō)明的作用。
2.She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year.
它停在陸地上，每年接待成千上萬(wàn)的參觀者。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:本句中的stand on不能翻譯為“站在…上”，正確的理解應(yīng)該是“停在…上”。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:thousands of不是“數(shù)千”的意思，而是“成千上萬(wàn)”。
3.She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past.
它給人們留下深刻的印象，使人們回憶起歷的巨型帆船。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句首的she指上文中的“帆船”，為擬人修辭格。
4. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia.
在蒸汽船取代帆船之前?！翱ǖ偎_克”號(hào)之類的帆船被用來(lái)從中國(guó)運(yùn)回茶葉，從澳大利亞運(yùn)回羊毛。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。And連接兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)“來(lái)自中國(guó)的茶葉”和“來(lái)自澳大利亞的羊毛”。
5. The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built.
“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)是帆船制造建造的快的一艘帆船。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾the fastest sailing ships,即“…樣的帆船”。
6. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae.
可以與之一比高低的是“塞姆皮雷”號(hào)帆船。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:主語(yǔ)ship前有三個(gè)修飾詞，它們的排列順序符合多個(gè)修飾詞修飾同一名詞的規(guī)律。
7.Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England.
兩船于1872年 6月18日同時(shí)從上海啟航駛往英國(guó)，途中展開(kāi)了一場(chǎng)激烈的比賽。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:both these ships相當(dāng)于both of these ships，強(qiáng)調(diào)是“兩艘船”。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:“set out from+somewhere+on+時(shí)間”為固定搭配，意為“某時(shí)從某地出發(fā)”。
8.This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind.
這場(chǎng)比賽持續(xù)了整整4個(gè)月，是這類比賽中的后。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)“比賽”進(jìn)行修飾，說(shuō)明是“持續(xù)了4個(gè)月的比賽”，for exactly four months突出時(shí)間之久。
9.It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
它標(biāo)志著帆船偉大傳統(tǒng)的結(jié)束與一個(gè)新紀(jì)元的開(kāi)始。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:it指代上文中所說(shuō)的race(比賽)。And連接兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)—“結(jié)束”和“開(kāi)始”。
10.The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead.
比賽開(kāi)始后，“賽姆皮雷”號(hào)率先抵達(dá)爪哇島。但在印度洋上，“卡薩薩克”號(hào)駛到了前面。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):take the lead的意思為“，帶頭”。應(yīng)特別注意的是，短語(yǔ)中的lead作名詞用，不作動(dòng)詞。
11.It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck.
看來(lái)，它首先返抵英國(guó)是確信無(wú)疑的了，但它卻在比賽中連遭厄運(yùn)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句she would be the first ship home,即“它首先返抵英國(guó)是…的”
12.In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away.
8月份“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)遭到一場(chǎng)特大風(fēng)暴的襲擊，失去了一只舵。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:during which為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾storm,如果還原成during the storm…,則重復(fù)了storm,顯得啰嗦，所以用which代替the storm。
13. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her.
船身左右搖晃，無(wú)法操縱。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):roll form side to side不可理解為“從一邊到另一邊搖晃著”，正確的譯法是“左右搖晃”，這樣更符合漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。
14. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty.
船員用備用的木板在船上趕制了一只應(yīng)急用的舵，并克服重重困難將舵安裝就位。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句中的temporary與spare均為“臨時(shí)備用的”之意，此處是為了避免重復(fù)而使用了兩個(gè)不同的詞。With great difficulty充當(dāng)was fitted的方式狀語(yǔ)，意思是“安裝起來(lái)很困難”。
15. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was a danger that if she traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well.
這樣一來(lái)，大大降低了船的航速。因?yàn)榇荒荛_(kāi)得太快，否則就有危險(xiǎn)，應(yīng)急舵也會(huì)被刮走。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。That引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，其中又含有一個(gè)由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，整個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)說(shuō)明“什么樣的危險(xiǎn)”。
16. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead.
因?yàn)檫@個(gè)緣故,“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)落到了后面。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:this指代“舵壞了，找替代品使用”這件事情。
17. After crossing the Equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead.
跨越赤道后，船長(zhǎng)將船?？吭谝粋€(gè)港口，在那兒換了一只舵。但此時(shí)，“賽姆皮雷”號(hào)早已在500多英里之遙了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:“after+現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)”是省略式的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。But連接兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句，間接說(shuō)明“兩只船的距離”。
18. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win.
盡管換裝新舵時(shí)分秒必爭(zhēng)，但“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)已經(jīng)不可能取勝了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明the Cutty Sark不可能取勝。
19. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae.
它抵達(dá)英國(guó)時(shí)比 “塞姆皮雷”號(hào)晚了1個(gè)星期。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:a week after…強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間是“比…晚了一周”。
20. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays.
但考慮到路上的多次耽擱，這個(gè)成績(jī)也已很不容易了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:even引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Considering that…是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作條件狀語(yǔ)，其中that引導(dǎo)的從句作consider的賓語(yǔ)。過(guò)去完成時(shí)had had說(shuō)明“多次耽擱”發(fā)生在取得成績(jī)之前，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。
21. There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，如果中途沒(méi)有失去舵，“卡帝薩克 ”號(hào)肯定能在比賽中輕易奪冠。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:there is no doubt that是固定搭配。If引導(dǎo)虛擬語(yǔ)氣，提出一個(gè)假設(shè)。