Lesson5 The facts確切數(shù)字
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their reader with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace'. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.
The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the 、journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace.
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1. Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics.
報刊雜志的編輯常常為了向讀者提供一些無關(guān)緊要的事實和統(tǒng)計數(shù)字而走向極端。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:of newspapers and magazines為介詞短語，作editors的定語。To provide their readers with unimportant facts and statisics為不定式短語，作狀語。
語言點2:重要寫作短語總結(jié):描述做某事的狀態(tài)
Go to extermes to do sth. 做某事走極端
Carry sth. To extremes 做某事很過分
Take a lot of risks doing sth. 冒險做某事
2. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic.
去年一位記者受一家有名的雜志委托寫一篇關(guān)于非洲某個新成立共和國總統(tǒng)府的文章。
語言點1:well-known為復(fù)合形容詞，修飾magazine。
語言點2:instruct sb. to do sth.表示“指示/吩咐某人做某事”，句中用的是這一短語的被動語態(tài)形式。
3. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it.
稿子寄來后，編輯看了第一句話就拒絕予以發(fā)表。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，說明編輯接到文稿后的反應(yīng)。And并列連接讀稿和拒絕發(fā)表兩件事情。It指代article。
語言點2:間接否定的說法總結(jié):
Refuse to do sth.=do not want to do sth,
Fail to do sth,=do not do sth.
Object to doing sth.=do not agree to do sth.
4. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace'.
文章的開頭是這樣的:“幾百級臺階通向總統(tǒng)府的高墻?！?BR> 語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:這是一個直接引語的句式，用數(shù)字作主語非常大氣的描述了總統(tǒng)府的龐大規(guī)模。Which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾wall,強調(diào)是怎樣的高墻。
語言點2:hundreds of 表示“成百上千的”。
下面是與數(shù)字有關(guān)的表達總結(jié):
Tens of 幾十
Dozens of 幾十
Thousands of 成千上萬的
Tens of thousands of 數(shù)十萬的
Millions of 數(shù)百萬的
Tens of millions of數(shù)千萬的
Hundreds of millions of 數(shù)億的
Billions of 數(shù)十億的
例句支持:
Hundreds of millions of people are living in harmful environment in the world. 全世界有數(shù)億人仍然生活在有害的環(huán)境當(dāng)中。
5. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.
編輯立即給那位記者發(fā)去傳真，要求他核實一下臺階的確切數(shù)字和圍墻的高度。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析: instructing him find out… 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作目的狀語。And并列連接臺階數(shù)量和圍墻高度。
語言點2:at once表示“立刻，立即”。
6. The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.
記者立即出發(fā)去核實這些重要的事實，但過了好長時間不見他把數(shù)字寄來。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析: to obtain these important facts為動詞不定式短語，作目的狀語。But連接兩個并列句，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明接下來的情況。
語言點2:注意區(qū)別以下重要的寫作短語:開始做某事
（1） st out to do sth. 帶著某種特殊目的
（2） begin to do sth. 描述某種狀態(tài)的開始，反義詞end
（3） start to do sth. 強調(diào)動作，反義詞為stop
例句支持:
They set out to write a book on Chinese history. 他們開始著手寫一部關(guān)于中國歷史的書。
I begin to recover confidence. 我開始漸漸恢復(fù)了信心。
語言點3:sb. take + 時間 + to do sth.=it takes sb.+ 時間 + to do sth.，意思是“某人花費多少時間做某事”。
例句支持:
I took five hours to do my home work.(=It took me five hours to do my homework.) 我花了5個小時做家庭作業(yè)。
7. Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press.
在此期間，編輯等的不耐煩了，因為雜志馬上要付印。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:meanwhile強調(diào)兩個動作同時進行。Be getting impatient是用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)強調(diào)前后的情緒變化。For引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，交代編輯等的不耐煩的原因。
語言點2:be impatinet to do sth.意思是“急不可耐地做某事”。
例句支持:
I am impatient to see you.(=I cannot wait to see you./I am anxious to see you.) 我迫不及待地要見到你。
8. He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply.
他給記者先后發(fā)去兩份傳真，但對方毫無反應(yīng)。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:but連接兩個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子，強調(diào)“沒有收到任何回應(yīng)”。
語言點2:本句中的No為不定代詞，在此處具有形容詞性質(zhì)，作定語，修飾reply。
9. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired.
于是他又發(fā)了一份傳真，通知那位記者說，若再不迅速答復(fù)，將被解雇。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:informing the journalist that…為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作目的狀語，其用法和第5句中的instructing him to find out…有異曲同工之處。That引導(dǎo)賓語從句，說明informing的內(nèi)容。If引導(dǎo)條件句，表示如不迅速答復(fù)后果會是什么。句子前面的sent為過去時，因此后面用did,而非虛擬語氣。
語言點2:“yet+another/once/again”表示“又，再”，起強調(diào)作用。
例句支持:
This led to yet another angry argument. 這又引起了一場唇槍舌劍的爭吵。
10. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written.
但記者還是沒有回復(fù)。編輯無奈，勉強按原樣發(fā)了稿。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。Reluctantly表示“勉強地”，為方式狀語。As引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，交代文稿的狀態(tài)。
語言點2:“fail+動詞不定式”的搭配看似肯定，實則否定。
例句支持:
I fail to see why you think so. 我不明白你們?yōu)槭裁催@么想。
They fail to revive the economy. 他們沒能使經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇。
語言點3:be reluctant to do sth.=be unwilling to do sth.意思是“不情愿做某事”。
例句支持:
She was very reluctant to do the job.(=She was unwilling to do the job.) 她很不情愿做這份工作。
11. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist.
一周之后，編輯終于接到了記者的傳真。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:a week later放在句首，強調(diào)時間久。At last說明終結(jié)果。
語言點2:at last=in the end/finally/eventually/in course of time/ultimately,意思是“終于，后”。
例句支持:
You'll learn English well in course of time.你總有一天會學(xué)好英語。
12. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.
那個可憐的記者不僅被捕了，而且還被送進了監(jiān)獄。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:not only放在句首引起部分倒裝。But…as well連接兩個并列的動作。
13. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace.
不過，他終于獲準(zhǔn)發(fā)回了一份傳真。在傳真中他告訴編輯，就在他數(shù)通向15英尺高的總統(tǒng)府圍墻的1084級臺階時，被抓了起來。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:however為過渡性的轉(zhuǎn)折用語。To send a fax是動詞不定式短語，作主語he的補足語。In which是“prep.+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾fax。That引導(dǎo)賓語從句，說明informed的內(nèi)容。Leading to …為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作定語，修飾steps。While引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。第二個which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾wall。
語言點2:be allowed to do sth.=be permitted to do sth.意思是“被允許做某事”。
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their reader with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace'. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.
The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the 、journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace.
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1. Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics.
報刊雜志的編輯常常為了向讀者提供一些無關(guān)緊要的事實和統(tǒng)計數(shù)字而走向極端。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:of newspapers and magazines為介詞短語，作editors的定語。To provide their readers with unimportant facts and statisics為不定式短語，作狀語。
語言點2:重要寫作短語總結(jié):描述做某事的狀態(tài)
Go to extermes to do sth. 做某事走極端
Carry sth. To extremes 做某事很過分
Take a lot of risks doing sth. 冒險做某事
2. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic.
去年一位記者受一家有名的雜志委托寫一篇關(guān)于非洲某個新成立共和國總統(tǒng)府的文章。
語言點1:well-known為復(fù)合形容詞，修飾magazine。
語言點2:instruct sb. to do sth.表示“指示/吩咐某人做某事”，句中用的是這一短語的被動語態(tài)形式。
3. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it.
稿子寄來后，編輯看了第一句話就拒絕予以發(fā)表。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，說明編輯接到文稿后的反應(yīng)。And并列連接讀稿和拒絕發(fā)表兩件事情。It指代article。
語言點2:間接否定的說法總結(jié):
Refuse to do sth.=do not want to do sth,
Fail to do sth,=do not do sth.
Object to doing sth.=do not agree to do sth.
4. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace'.
文章的開頭是這樣的:“幾百級臺階通向總統(tǒng)府的高墻?！?BR> 語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:這是一個直接引語的句式，用數(shù)字作主語非常大氣的描述了總統(tǒng)府的龐大規(guī)模。Which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾wall,強調(diào)是怎樣的高墻。
語言點2:hundreds of 表示“成百上千的”。
下面是與數(shù)字有關(guān)的表達總結(jié):
Tens of 幾十
Dozens of 幾十
Thousands of 成千上萬的
Tens of thousands of 數(shù)十萬的
Millions of 數(shù)百萬的
Tens of millions of數(shù)千萬的
Hundreds of millions of 數(shù)億的
Billions of 數(shù)十億的
例句支持:
Hundreds of millions of people are living in harmful environment in the world. 全世界有數(shù)億人仍然生活在有害的環(huán)境當(dāng)中。
5. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.
編輯立即給那位記者發(fā)去傳真，要求他核實一下臺階的確切數(shù)字和圍墻的高度。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析: instructing him find out… 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作目的狀語。And并列連接臺階數(shù)量和圍墻高度。
語言點2:at once表示“立刻，立即”。
6. The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.
記者立即出發(fā)去核實這些重要的事實，但過了好長時間不見他把數(shù)字寄來。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析: to obtain these important facts為動詞不定式短語，作目的狀語。But連接兩個并列句，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明接下來的情況。
語言點2:注意區(qū)別以下重要的寫作短語:開始做某事
（1） st out to do sth. 帶著某種特殊目的
（2） begin to do sth. 描述某種狀態(tài)的開始，反義詞end
（3） start to do sth. 強調(diào)動作，反義詞為stop
例句支持:
They set out to write a book on Chinese history. 他們開始著手寫一部關(guān)于中國歷史的書。
I begin to recover confidence. 我開始漸漸恢復(fù)了信心。
語言點3:sb. take + 時間 + to do sth.=it takes sb.+ 時間 + to do sth.，意思是“某人花費多少時間做某事”。
例句支持:
I took five hours to do my home work.(=It took me five hours to do my homework.) 我花了5個小時做家庭作業(yè)。
7. Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press.
在此期間，編輯等的不耐煩了，因為雜志馬上要付印。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:meanwhile強調(diào)兩個動作同時進行。Be getting impatient是用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)強調(diào)前后的情緒變化。For引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，交代編輯等的不耐煩的原因。
語言點2:be impatinet to do sth.意思是“急不可耐地做某事”。
例句支持:
I am impatient to see you.(=I cannot wait to see you./I am anxious to see you.) 我迫不及待地要見到你。
8. He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply.
他給記者先后發(fā)去兩份傳真，但對方毫無反應(yīng)。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:but連接兩個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子，強調(diào)“沒有收到任何回應(yīng)”。
語言點2:本句中的No為不定代詞，在此處具有形容詞性質(zhì)，作定語，修飾reply。
9. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired.
于是他又發(fā)了一份傳真，通知那位記者說，若再不迅速答復(fù)，將被解雇。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:informing the journalist that…為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作目的狀語，其用法和第5句中的instructing him to find out…有異曲同工之處。That引導(dǎo)賓語從句，說明informing的內(nèi)容。If引導(dǎo)條件句，表示如不迅速答復(fù)后果會是什么。句子前面的sent為過去時，因此后面用did,而非虛擬語氣。
語言點2:“yet+another/once/again”表示“又，再”，起強調(diào)作用。
例句支持:
This led to yet another angry argument. 這又引起了一場唇槍舌劍的爭吵。
10. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written.
但記者還是沒有回復(fù)。編輯無奈，勉強按原樣發(fā)了稿。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。Reluctantly表示“勉強地”，為方式狀語。As引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，交代文稿的狀態(tài)。
語言點2:“fail+動詞不定式”的搭配看似肯定，實則否定。
例句支持:
I fail to see why you think so. 我不明白你們?yōu)槭裁催@么想。
They fail to revive the economy. 他們沒能使經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇。
語言點3:be reluctant to do sth.=be unwilling to do sth.意思是“不情愿做某事”。
例句支持:
She was very reluctant to do the job.(=She was unwilling to do the job.) 她很不情愿做這份工作。
11. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist.
一周之后，編輯終于接到了記者的傳真。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:a week later放在句首，強調(diào)時間久。At last說明終結(jié)果。
語言點2:at last=in the end/finally/eventually/in course of time/ultimately,意思是“終于，后”。
例句支持:
You'll learn English well in course of time.你總有一天會學(xué)好英語。
12. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.
那個可憐的記者不僅被捕了，而且還被送進了監(jiān)獄。
語言點:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:not only放在句首引起部分倒裝。But…as well連接兩個并列的動作。
13. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace.
不過，他終于獲準(zhǔn)發(fā)回了一份傳真。在傳真中他告訴編輯，就在他數(shù)通向15英尺高的總統(tǒng)府圍墻的1084級臺階時，被抓了起來。
語言點1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:however為過渡性的轉(zhuǎn)折用語。To send a fax是動詞不定式短語，作主語he的補足語。In which是“prep.+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾fax。That引導(dǎo)賓語從句，說明informed的內(nèi)容。Leading to …為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作定語，修飾steps。While引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。第二個which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾wall。
語言點2:be allowed to do sth.=be permitted to do sth.意思是“被允許做某事”。