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結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換
結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換著眼于句子成分的相互轉(zhuǎn)換和基本句型的改變。句子成分的相互轉(zhuǎn)換主要在主語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ),補(bǔ)語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)與定語(yǔ),定語(yǔ)與狀語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)之間進(jìn)行。
句子成分的轉(zhuǎn)換
1、非主語(yǔ)譯成主語(yǔ)
經(jīng)典例題: Since the invention of the transistor at the Bell Telephone Laboratories in1984,it has found its way into varied applications in the commercial,industrial and military fields.
參考譯文: 自從1984年貝爾電話(huà)研究所發(fā)明晶體管以來(lái),晶體管的種種應(yīng)用已遍及商業(yè)、工業(yè)和軍事各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。(狀語(yǔ)譯成主語(yǔ))
經(jīng)典例題: Television is different from radio in that it sends and receives pictures.
參考譯文: 電視和無(wú)線電的不同點(diǎn)在于電視能收發(fā)圖像。(表語(yǔ)譯成主語(yǔ))
經(jīng)典例題: Matter is usually electrically neutral,that is,it has as many protons,as electrons.
參考譯文: 物質(zhì)通常是不帶電的,就是說(shuō),它的質(zhì)子和電子數(shù)量是相等的。(賓語(yǔ)譯成主語(yǔ))
2、非謂語(yǔ)譯成謂語(yǔ)
經(jīng)典例題: There is a need for improvement in your study habits.
參考譯文: 你的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣需要改進(jìn)。(主語(yǔ)譯成謂語(yǔ))
3、非賓語(yǔ)譯成賓語(yǔ)
經(jīng)典例題: He is admired by everybody.
參考譯文: 大家都很欽佩他。(主語(yǔ)譯成賓語(yǔ))
經(jīng)典例題: Materials to be used for structural purpose are chosen so as to behave elastically in the environmental condition.
參考譯文: 用于結(jié)構(gòu)上的材料必須選擇得使它們?cè)谥車(chē)h(huán)境條件下具有彈性。(狀語(yǔ)譯成賓語(yǔ))
4、非狀語(yǔ)譯成狀語(yǔ)
經(jīng)典例題: He drew a deep breath.
參考譯文: 他深深地吸了一口氣。(定語(yǔ)譯成狀語(yǔ))
經(jīng)典例題: Pictures show him in the company of men like Churchill,Einstein and Gandhi.
參考譯文: 在這些照片中我們可以看到他和邱吉爾、愛(ài)因斯坦、甘地這些人的交往。(主語(yǔ)譯成狀語(yǔ))
基本句型的轉(zhuǎn)化
1、簡(jiǎn)單句轉(zhuǎn)換成復(fù)合句
經(jīng)典例題: At the slightest improvement in my work they would show warm approval.
參考譯文 我工作稍有進(jìn)步,他們就熱情肯定。
2、復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)換成簡(jiǎn)單句
經(jīng)典例題: This causes the construction of gigantic buildings where too large masses of human beings are crowded together.
參考譯文: 這樣就蓋起了許多人聚居的高樓大廈。
無(wú)論是學(xué)習(xí)還是生活,做任何事情不能生搬硬套,適當(dāng)?shù)霓D(zhuǎn)換一下思維或許會(huì)更好。