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2017年成人學(xué)位英語考試閱讀理解強(qiáng)化練習(xí)及答案三
Hillary Rodham Clinton released the first television spot of her Senate campaign this morning, a 30-second commercial that will begin airing statewide on Thursday. The spot, titled "First," uses numerous still photos to highlight landmarks in Mrs. Clinton's career, while the voiceover says she is "more than a fist lady."
There is no mention of Mrs. Clinton's rival for New York's Senate seat, New York Mayor Rudolph Giuliani.
Clinton campaign spokesman Howard Wolfson said the ad was "positive" and "biographical," instead of focusing on the first lady's opponent.
Mrs. Clinton has previously aired radio ads, but has generally stayed with a strategy of making extensive campaign appearances instead of using television spots, while Giuliani has already run statewide TV ads.
Text of Hillary Commercial:
First she became a lawyer, named one of the top hundred in America.
Her first cause was children, fighting abuse and chairing the board of the Children's Defense Fund.
Her first priority was public schools, helping to establish teacher testing.
More than a first lady. For 30 years, she's fought for children and families.
As New York's senator, she'll fight for better schools and heath care for children.
Hillary, Put her to work for all of us.
1. What does the word "air" in the first sentence mean?
A. dry
B. express
C. breathe
D. broadcast
參考答案：D
考點：該題是一個詞匯題
解析：本題提問的是第一段中的"air"是什么意思。由這句話我們可以得知，希拉里今天早晨發(fā)表了她競選紐約州議員的電視宣傳;為時30分鐘的電視宣傳將于星期二開始進(jìn)行全國播放。由該句的意思我們可以猜出“air”的意思為“播放”。所以，答案為D.而其他三個詞A(曬干)，B(表達(dá))和C(呼吸)均與原義不符，故不能入選。
2. What does "more than first lady" in the first paragraph suggest?
A. Hillary is not a first lady.
B. Hillary does much more than what a first lady is expected to do.
C. There are more women in America who does better than Hillary does.
D. Hillary is doing better than her husband.
參考答案：B
考點：這是一個理解判斷題。
解析：本題提問的是第一段里"more than first lady"是什么意思。在世界各地，第一夫人作為國家元首的妻子，是一國之母，她的形象一般是一個幫助總統(tǒng)處理好家務(wù)，并且進(jìn)行一些婦女活動和慈善事業(yè)，借此來提高元首的形象。但是，希拉里作為第一夫人，她所做的超出了第一夫人的職責(zé)。她不但在社會活動中經(jīng)常露臉，而且直接參與政事，開始競選起議員來了。所以，選項B應(yīng)該是該題的答案。
3.Which of the following statement is true regarding the Senator campaign according the passage?
A. Hillary has appeared on TV shot for mumerous times.
B. Hillary rarely makes her public appearance.
C. Giuliani has made TV advertisement for himself.
D. Hillary has a bigger chance to win the campaign.
參考答案：C
考點：這是一個對原文事實的理解題。
解析：本題提問的是對此次參議院競選，以下哪一個說法是正確的。文章的第四段告訴我們，希拉里以前曾經(jīng)在廣播上作過宣傳，但是她一直采取的戰(zhàn)略是頻頻在公眾場合出現(xiàn)，而不是使用電視宣傳;與她不同的是，Giuliani已作過全國電視宣傳。由該段可知，選項C為正確答案。從文章的第一句話我們可以得知，這是希拉里第在電視上為自己作宣傳，所以，選項A和B不符合原文;此次議員競選，花落誰手尚未分曉，所以，選項D也不能入選。
4. Hillary's campaign focuses on all the flooowing except_____.
A. children's health care
B. school education for children
C. combating child abuse
D. family planning policy
參考答案：D
考點：這是一個對原文細(xì)節(jié)的分析判斷題。
解析：本題提問的是以下哪一下不是希拉里的競選重點。希拉里的競選廣告在文章的后幾段里;它的重點是學(xué)校教育;作者評論道，在過去的30年里，希拉里一直都在為兒童和家庭的幸福斗爭。將來當(dāng)了紐約的參議員，她會為孩子們的良好教育和健康保險而努力;由此我們得知，選項A(兒童健康保險)B(兒童的學(xué)校教育)和C(打擊虐待兒童現(xiàn)象)都是她的競選重點，只有選項D(計劃生育政策)與原文不合，所以，D為本題答案。
5.Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?
A. First Lady's Senator Campaign
B. Hillary's TV Advertisement
C. A Rivalry for New York's Senate Seat
D. The Focuses of Hillary Campaign
參考答案：A
考點：該題是一個主旨題，考的是文章的題目應(yīng)該是哪一個。
解析：本文從第一夫人希拉里-克林頓為其入選紐約參議員拉開序幕講起，對目前的競選狀況作了一個大概介紹，并且對希拉里的競選內(nèi)容作了一個介紹，同時，作者表達(dá)了他自己的觀點;整篇文章以介紹她的競選情況為主，所以，選項A(第一夫人競選參議員)用以概括全文為全面，因此，為正確答案。
In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition(獲得)of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feeling of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without an learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters, others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness.
As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(說教), their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parent's principles and their moral can be a dangerous disappointment.
6. Eagerly watching the child's acquisition of new skills _____.
A. should be avoided
B. is universal among parents
C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child
D. will make him lose interest in learning new things
[答案]A
【精析】第一段講到了父母急切盼望孩子們掌握新技能的這種心情所帶來的各種負(fù)面影響，B、C、D三項均是負(fù)面影響的內(nèi)容，因此要盡量避免，所以只選一項佳的就選A.
7. In the process of children's learning new skills parents _____.
A. should encourage them to read before know the meaning of the words they read
B. Should not expect too much of them
C. Should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
D. Should create as many learning opportunities as possible
[答案]C
【精析】根據(jù)第一段中所提到的父母太急于盼望孩子們掌握新技能對孩子們產(chǎn)生的不良影響可以得出一個結(jié)論：父母應(yīng)該在強(qiáng)迫孩子和給予他們自由之間保持平衡。故選C.
8. The second paragraph mainly tells us that _____.
A. parents should be strict with their children
B. parents controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community
C. parental restriction vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone
D. parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation
[答案]C
【精析】根據(jù)第二段第一句話"Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children."故選C.
9. The word "precept" (Line 4, Para.3) probably means _____.
A. idea
B. punishment
C. behavior
D. instruction
[答案]D
【精析】根據(jù)后一段"If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(說教)"，可知precept的意思與preach相近，故選D instruction(指導(dǎo))。
10. In moral matters, parents should _____.
A. observe the rules themselves
B. be aware of the marked difference between adults and children
C. forbid things which have no foundation in morality
D. consistently ensure the security of their children
[答案]A
【精析】根據(jù)后一段第一句"As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching."可知：在道德問題方面，父母的教育方式要保持一致與連貫，不能朝令夕改。故選A.
Human needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view.
The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.
The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War II, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.
By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the "life enriching" level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called "luxury" items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.
On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?
A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crim, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.
11. According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when _____.
A. he has saved up enough money
B. he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter
C. he has satisfied his hunger
D. he has learned to build houses
[答案]C
【精析】本題答案對應(yīng)于第一、三段。文章的第一段提到一個人有了吃的就會想到再要件衣服，第三段又說基本的需求是食物，這個層次的需求得到滿足后人就會考慮服裝和住的地方。綜合判斷，所以選C，即他不再饑餓后就會產(chǎn)生對住處和衣服的需求。
12. It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱ, most Americans _____.
A. were very rich
B. lived in poverty
C. had the good things on the first three levels
D. did not own automobiles
[答案]D
【精析】文章第三段中說第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束時，對于大多數(shù)美國人來說，食品、服裝以及住所的需求都滿足了，然后第三個層次的需求，包括汽車和新房子便出現(xiàn)了。這說明第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束時大多數(shù)美國人還沒有汽車。A“很富有”，意思不明。B“生活在貧困中”，不符合文意。C“滿足了前三個層次的需求”，也不正確，因為這時第三個層次的需求才剛剛出現(xiàn)。
13. Which of the following is NOT related to "physical satisfaction"?
A. A successful career.
B. A comfortable home.
C. A good meal.
D. A family car.
[答案]A
【精析】本題答案對應(yīng)于文章的第四段，第四段第三行說physical satisfaction包括食物、生活舒適、有安全感、有交通工具，在B、C、D中都有體現(xiàn)。故選A.
14. What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?
A. The more goods the better.
B. The more mental satisfaction the better.
C. The more “l(fā)uxury” items the better.
D. The more earnings the better.
[答案]B
【精析】本題答案對應(yīng)文章第四段，其中第四行this level，也就是第四個層次的需求強(qiáng)調(diào)的是精神需求，所以選B.
15. The author tends to think that the fifth level _____.
A. would be little better than the fourth level
B. may be a lot more desirable than the first four
C. can be the last and most satisfying level
D. will become attainable before the government takes actions
[答案]B
【精析】本題考查考生對作者意思的整體把握。先看A“比第四個層次要好一些”，意思含糊。C“是終的、令人滿意的需求層次”，太絕對。D“在政府采取行動之前就能實現(xiàn)”，不合文意。文章說第五個層次的需求要通過集體行動實現(xiàn)，即人們付錢給政府，讓其對抗疾病、愚昧、犯罪與不公。可見這要在政府采取行動后實現(xiàn)。而B的意思是“比前四個層次的需求更值得擁有”，這是正確的。
Katherine walked into a newspaper office, and demanded to see the editor. Fortunately, the editor was passing the inquiry office when she asked for him. Seeing she was a girl of school age, he thought it might offer him an amusing five minutes between interviews.
Katherine was very rude to him when he told her they didn't accept schoolgirls. She said she was surprised that the editor of a great London newspaper did not know how to behave like a gentleman. The editor sat back in his chair and laughed heartily. He had never been spoken to like that in his life. He rather liked it for its novelty. After some further conversation, in which Katherine attempted to persuade him that she could do anything he wanted, from writing a leading article to a serial story, she said: "I am not going to leave this room until you put me on the staff!"
Then the editor had to speak to her rather seriously, and told her what a great London newspaper meant to a girl and how utterly ignorant she was of everything that would make her useful as a journalist. Upon this Katherine burst into tears, and the editor, who had dismissed many men in the course of his career, walked up and down the room wondering what he could do for this extraordinary young girl whose tearful eyes were so full of disappointment.
"Look here," he said, "if you come to me in two years' time, with a knowledge of shorthand, and if you promise not to shed tears on my blotting paper, I will give you something to do."
"Really? If you don't mind, I'll have it in black and white," said the girl.
The editor was startled. He began to think that this young girl was not so young as she looked. He drafted out an agreement for her on the lines laid down with a great deal of solemnity(嚴(yán)肅)which he found quite amusing, for he was confident that the young girl might quite as well change her mind or would be engaged to a nice boy long before the agreement took effect.
16. The real reason why the editor decided to interview the girl was that he _____.
A. heard her asking for him
B. was not very busy
C. thought it would amuse him
D. liked to work with young girls
[答案]C
【精析】Seeing she was a girl of school age, he thought it might offer him an amusing five minutes between interviews.故選C.
17. "He rather liked it for its novelty" means he liked it because it was _____.
A. unusual
B. pleasant
C. courageous
D. friendly
[答案]A
【精析】He had never been spoken to like that in his life. He rather liked it for its novelty.根據(jù)上下文推測只有unusual正確。
18. The editor walked up and down the room, because he was _____.
A. rather angry with her
B. afraid other people would hear her crying
C. not sure whether he should dismiss her or not
D. trying to make a decision
[答案]D
【精析】walked up and down the room wondering what he could do for this extraordinary young girl whose tearful eyes were so full of disappointment.此題要讀出wondering后面的意思，因此選D.
4. As their conversation continued, the editor _____.
A. changed his opinion of the girl
B. grew tired of her
C. became annoyed
D. thought she was too uneducated
[答案]A
【精析】The editor was startled. He began to think that this young girl was not so young as she looked.從編輯見到這個女孩剛開始的應(yīng)付狀態(tài)，到后這個編輯對女孩的談吐很吃驚，考慮給她一個答復(fù)，可以看出編輯逐步改變對這個女孩的認(rèn)識及看法。
5. When the editor drafted out the agreement for the girl, he _____.
A. hoped that this would please the girl
B. wished that it would take effect soon
C. adopted a rather serious attitude
D. didn't mean what he wrote
[答案]D
【精析】文章后結(jié)尾for he was confident that the young girl might quite as well change her mind or would be engaged to a nice boy long before the agreement took effect. 表明了D的意思。
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