課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1．Come in. 進(jìn)來(lái)吧。
Have a cup of tea then. 那么喝杯咖啡吧。
Let's go into the living－room, Carol. 我們到客廳里去吧，卡羅爾。
這3句都是祈使句。表示請(qǐng)求或命令的句子叫祈使句。祈使句中主語(yǔ)you常不出現(xiàn)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形，句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)。讀時(shí)用降調(diào)。
2．I've just had a cup. 我剛喝了一杯。
句中 cup后省略了 of coffee。
3．We're going to leave tomorrow. 明天我們就要走了。
這里的 are going to表示“打算”、“準(zhǔn)備”。請(qǐng)參見(jiàn) Lessons 37～38語(yǔ)法部分。
語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
（1）在英語(yǔ)中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要用于以下兩種情況：或者表示在過(guò)去不確定的時(shí)間里發(fā)生的并與現(xiàn)在有著某種聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作；或者表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。本課中薩姆所面臨的是第1種情況，正是因?yàn)樗粤孙?，喝過(guò)了咖啡，也休過(guò)假，因此他謝絕了湯姆的邀請(qǐng)，并表示今年已無(wú)可能再次休假。
（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)在漢語(yǔ)中常用“了”、“過(guò)”或“已經(jīng)”來(lái)表示。
（3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由 have／has+ 過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，單數(shù)第 3人稱(chēng)用
has，其他人稱(chēng)皆用have。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞與過(guò)去式相同，而不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞則無(wú)統(tǒng)一的規(guī)律可言，需特別加以記憶。
（4）一般現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與表示不確定的時(shí)間副詞或短語(yǔ)連用如 just, already, before, never, ever, twice, three times等。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1． leave v.
（1）離開(kāi)，出發(fā)：
The train is going to leave in 5 minutes.
火車(chē)將于5分鐘后開(kāi)出。
I'm going to leave Italy.
我準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi)意大利。
（2）舍棄；脫離：
John's wife left him for another man.
約翰的妻子舍他而去，投入另一個(gè)男子的懷抱。
Alexander is leaving the company after 30 years' service
亞歷山大將在為公司服務(wù)了30年之后離開(kāi)公司。
（3）留給，遺留；委托：
The famous actress left all her money to charity.
這位的女演員將她所有的錢(qián)都遺留給了慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。
‘Leave it to me, ’he said.
“這事交給我來(lái)辦吧，”他說(shuō)道。
2．pack v.
（1）打包，裝箱：
We are leaving tomorrow and I haven't even started packing yet.
我們明天就要走了，而我甚至還沒(méi)開(kāi)始將行李打包呢。
Don' t forget to pack the mirror!
別忘了把鏡子裝起來(lái)！ （2）擠滿，塞滿：
The movie fans packed the hall.
大廳里擠滿了影迷。
The bus was packed with people.
公共汽車(chē)?yán)飻D滿了人
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 84
A
1 I've already had some.
2 I've already had one.
3 I've already had one.
4 I've already had some.
5 I've already had one.
6 I've already had one.
7 I've already had some.
B
1 He hasn't had any beans.
He's just had some peas.
2 They haven't had any tea.
They've just had some coffee.
3 I haven't had any apples.
I've just had some peaches.
4 I haven't had any cabbage.
I've just had some lettuce.
5 She hasn't had any beer.
She's just had some wine.
6 He hasn't had any lamb.
He's just had some beef.
7 They haven't had any tea.
They've just had some milk.
8 She hasn't had any meat.
She's just had some vegetables.
9 I haven't had any chicken.
I've just had some steak.
10 They haven't had any bananas.
They've just had some oranges.
1．Come in. 進(jìn)來(lái)吧。
Have a cup of tea then. 那么喝杯咖啡吧。
Let's go into the living－room, Carol. 我們到客廳里去吧，卡羅爾。
這3句都是祈使句。表示請(qǐng)求或命令的句子叫祈使句。祈使句中主語(yǔ)you常不出現(xiàn)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形，句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)。讀時(shí)用降調(diào)。
2．I've just had a cup. 我剛喝了一杯。
句中 cup后省略了 of coffee。
3．We're going to leave tomorrow. 明天我們就要走了。
這里的 are going to表示“打算”、“準(zhǔn)備”。請(qǐng)參見(jiàn) Lessons 37～38語(yǔ)法部分。
語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
（1）在英語(yǔ)中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要用于以下兩種情況：或者表示在過(guò)去不確定的時(shí)間里發(fā)生的并與現(xiàn)在有著某種聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作；或者表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。本課中薩姆所面臨的是第1種情況，正是因?yàn)樗粤孙?，喝過(guò)了咖啡，也休過(guò)假，因此他謝絕了湯姆的邀請(qǐng)，并表示今年已無(wú)可能再次休假。
（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)在漢語(yǔ)中常用“了”、“過(guò)”或“已經(jīng)”來(lái)表示。
（3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由 have／has+ 過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，單數(shù)第 3人稱(chēng)用
has，其他人稱(chēng)皆用have。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞與過(guò)去式相同，而不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞則無(wú)統(tǒng)一的規(guī)律可言，需特別加以記憶。
（4）一般現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與表示不確定的時(shí)間副詞或短語(yǔ)連用如 just, already, before, never, ever, twice, three times等。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1． leave v.
（1）離開(kāi)，出發(fā)：
The train is going to leave in 5 minutes.
火車(chē)將于5分鐘后開(kāi)出。
I'm going to leave Italy.
我準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi)意大利。
（2）舍棄；脫離：
John's wife left him for another man.
約翰的妻子舍他而去，投入另一個(gè)男子的懷抱。
Alexander is leaving the company after 30 years' service
亞歷山大將在為公司服務(wù)了30年之后離開(kāi)公司。
（3）留給，遺留；委托：
The famous actress left all her money to charity.
這位的女演員將她所有的錢(qián)都遺留給了慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。
‘Leave it to me, ’he said.
“這事交給我來(lái)辦吧，”他說(shuō)道。
2．pack v.
（1）打包，裝箱：
We are leaving tomorrow and I haven't even started packing yet.
我們明天就要走了，而我甚至還沒(méi)開(kāi)始將行李打包呢。
Don' t forget to pack the mirror!
別忘了把鏡子裝起來(lái)！ （2）擠滿，塞滿：
The movie fans packed the hall.
大廳里擠滿了影迷。
The bus was packed with people.
公共汽車(chē)?yán)飻D滿了人
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 84
A
1 I've already had some.
2 I've already had one.
3 I've already had one.
4 I've already had some.
5 I've already had one.
6 I've already had one.
7 I've already had some.
B
1 He hasn't had any beans.
He's just had some peas.
2 They haven't had any tea.
They've just had some coffee.
3 I haven't had any apples.
I've just had some peaches.
4 I haven't had any cabbage.
I've just had some lettuce.
5 She hasn't had any beer.
She's just had some wine.
6 He hasn't had any lamb.
He's just had some beef.
7 They haven't had any tea.
They've just had some milk.
8 She hasn't had any meat.
She's just had some vegetables.
9 I haven't had any chicken.
I've just had some steak.
10 They haven't had any bananas.
They've just had some oranges.