Lesson46 Expensive and uncomfortable
新概念2課文內(nèi)容：
When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes wasextremely heavy. It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was astonished at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of woolen goods. He was so surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay $3,500 for the cost of the trip. The normal price of a ticket is $2,000!
語(yǔ)法歸納：同位語(yǔ)從句
一句話總結(jié)：從句的內(nèi)容作同位語(yǔ)。
對(duì)比定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句：
1) 定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)被修飾詞的限定或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。修飾定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞：
關(guān)系代詞:
指人：who, whom, whose, that
指物：that, which
關(guān)系副詞：when, where, why
同位語(yǔ)從句是講述被修飾名詞的內(nèi)容。同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞：that, what, when, where 注意：定語(yǔ)從句中沒(méi)有what這個(gè)關(guān)系詞，但what可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句舉例:
The fret that the criminal was guilty was clear to everyone. (解釋作用)
每個(gè)人都很清楚罪犯有罪這個(gè)事實(shí)。
Have you any evidence that she is a thief ? (解釋作用)
您有證據(jù)證明他是小偷嗎？
I have no idea what has happened to him. (解釋作用)
我不知道到底在他身上發(fā)生了什么。
定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用舉例：
If he is a good doctor,who can cures himself. (修飾作用)
能給自己治病的醫(yī)生就是好醫(yī)生(諺語(yǔ))
新概念英語(yǔ)2逐句精講筆記：
1. When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing.
當(dāng)一架來(lái)自倫敦的飛機(jī)抵達(dá)悉尼機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，工人們開(kāi)始卸下裝有服裝的一批木箱。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 本句中when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。from London作plane的后置定語(yǔ)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 比較學(xué)習(xí)：cloth, clothes, clothing, garment, dress, suit
cloth “布，布料”，復(fù)數(shù)為cloth / cloths
clothes “衣服”，只有復(fù)數(shù)形式
clothing衣服的總稱(chēng)，是不可數(shù)名詞
garment通常指成衣
dress往往指女服
suit常指套裝
2. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy.
其中有只箱子特別重，可誰(shuí)也弄不清是怎么回事。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 本句包含一個(gè)典型的同位語(yǔ)從句，that one of the boxes was extremely heavy為the fact的同位語(yǔ)，起解釋說(shuō)明作用。
實(shí)戰(zhàn)測(cè)試 There's a feeling in me, ____ we'll never know what a UFO is ----not ever. (2002高考上海卷，第35題）
A. that B. whichC. of whichD. what
答案：選A
分析：同位語(yǔ)從句 that we'll never know what a UFO is----not ever作a feeling 的同位語(yǔ)，解釋a feeling的具體內(nèi)容。
翻譯：我有這樣一種感覺(jué)，我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)知道什么是不明飛行物——永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 no one = not one of = none of …沒(méi)有人
請(qǐng)參考《新概念英語(yǔ)》Lesson 28課后多項(xiàng)選擇題第7題的考點(diǎn)：None of them has been turned to stone. = Not one of them has been turned to stone,= No one has been turned to stone.
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)3 account for = explain 解釋
3. It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box.
突然一個(gè)工人想到打開(kāi)箱子看看。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 sth. occur to sb. to do sth. 某人想到做某事
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 it為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是不定式to open up the box
4. He was astonished at what he found.
看到的情景使他吃驚。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) what he found作at的賓語(yǔ)，此處的what相當(dāng)于the thing that.
5. A man was lying in the box on top of pile of woolen goods.
箱子里有一個(gè)人正躺在一堆毛織品上面：
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) was lying為過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示“正躺在”
6. He was so surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away.
他由于被人發(fā)現(xiàn)而感到非常吃驚，甚至都沒(méi)有企圖逃跑。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 本句包含so...that結(jié)構(gòu)，其中動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)being discovered作介詞at的賓語(yǔ)。注意：being discovered是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 本句中的主語(yǔ)“He”并非打開(kāi)箱子的工人，而是被關(guān)在箱子里的那個(gè)人，本句主語(yǔ)交待得不夠清楚，需根據(jù)上下文判斷。
7. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding in the box before the plane left London.
他被逮捕之后，承認(rèn)他是在飛機(jī)離開(kāi)倫敦前躲藏進(jìn)箱子里的，
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 本句中after和before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
8. He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over eighteen hours.
他經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)既漫長(zhǎng)而又難受的旅程，因?yàn)樗谀鞠淅飷灹?8個(gè)多小時(shí)，
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 本句中for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。主句使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，從句中使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
9. The man was ordered to pay ￡3^500 for the cost of the trip.
此人被責(zé)令交付旅費(fèi)3500英鎊。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) pay + 錢(qián)數(shù) + for sth.意為“為……支付多少錢(qián)”
pay for...意為“為……付出代價(jià)”
例：You will pay for what you have said to me.
你要為你對(duì)我說(shuō)的請(qǐng)付出代價(jià)的
10. The normal price of a ticket is ￡2,000 !
而正常票價(jià)是2000英鎊！
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) the price of sth. 意為“某物的價(jià)格”