詞性的使用錯誤 詞性錯誤是最容易犯的錯誤之一，通常而言，對單詞記憶不夠全面以及受到漢語的影響等都會造成此類錯誤的產生。詞性的使用錯誤是指文章中單詞的詞性用錯，主要表現在名詞形容詞副詞以及動詞的使用錯誤上，如把名詞錯當成動詞使用，或者把形容詞錯當成名詞或者該用副詞的地方錯用了形容詞等情況，歸納起來主要涉及三種類型： 名詞與動詞的錯誤使用 ，如： approval — approve ， sale — sell ; 名詞與形容詞的誤用 ，如： medicine — medical/medicinal ， emotion — emotional ; 形容詞與副詞的誤用 ，如： high — highly ， mere — merely 等。這類錯誤還常出現在 be 以外的系動詞后，如： feel badly — feel bad ， grow uneasily — grow uneasy . 例 1 Ideally, of course, the expression of editorial opinion should be limited on the editorial page and the news articles should be objective — telling the fact as complete as possible. 1.__________ 該句中complete為形容詞，而在該句中它前面所接詞為動詞tell，必須改為副詞形式，故應該將complete改為completely. 例2 It is a social prejudice that the work of street cleaners is thought to be dirty and shame by 1.__________ most people. 根據上下可知該句中的系動詞be后面必須接形容詞，且與前面的dirty并列關系，所以應該將名詞shame改為shameful. 例3 It is true that their work may be dirty, but not necessary shameful. What would our streets 1.__________ be like if nobody cleared away the rubbish? 該句中shameful為形容詞，前面必須使用副詞修飾，故應該將necessary改為necessarily. 例4 Used wise, science may increase our energy and 1.__________ food supply, improve our health, expand our joy and extend our lives. 該句的完整結構是“if it is used wisely, science may… ”，“wisely”修飾過去分詞“used”，表示“使用得當”的意思。所以應該將形容詞wise改為副詞形式的wisely. 練習題 1 Computers have been designed to store information and compute complex problems. Some computers are so high advanced that they even can talk with operators. 1.__________ 2 The doctor said that I only had to wait for a relative 2.__________ short time before he could have an interview with me. 3 You must make sure that your speech is clear and easily to follow. Use examples, charts, and pictures if 3.__________ they will help you explain your points clearly. You should treat your audience with respect. 4 The myth of the country as a Garden of Eden, a few generations late, sends them flooding out again 4.__________ to the suburbs. 5 In the wild, tea plants become trees of approximately thirty feet in high. 5.__________ 6 Microwave ovens are generally more costlier than 6.__________ common ovens. 7 We are not necessary capable of doing such an 7.__________ exacting job. 8 There may be sound medicine reasons for accepting 8.__________ electrical shock treatment, but such reasons are totally dependent on the balance of risks and benefits for the patients. 9 Living is risky. Crossing the road, driving a car, flying, swallowing an aspirin tablet or eating a chicken sandwich — they can all be fatal. Clearly some risks worth taking, 9.__________ especially when the rewards are high. 10 Punctuality is a good habit, and unpunctuality is a bad one. A few minutes delay may not be a serious matter. 10.__________ 答案解析：high→highly. 2. relative→relatively. 3. easily→easy.在該句中easy緊跟在系動詞be之后，與clear并列，即“your speech is clear and easy to follow”。 4. late→later. 5. high→height.“in height”表示“在高度上”的意思，為固定搭配，沒有in high的表達法。 6. costlier→costly.costly是形容詞，意思是昂貴的，它的比較級是more costly，costlier是錯誤形式。 7. necessary→necessarily. 8. medicine→medical. 9. worth前加are.本句有一個由“when”引導的時間狀語從句，主句“Clearly some risks worth taking”缺少謂語動詞，因為worth是形容詞，一般于“be worth doing”。 10. minutes→minutes'.本句中minutes是名詞，不能直接修飾后面的名詞delay，應該用名詞所有格形式。