Lesson 14 Do you speak English?
課文內(nèi)容：
I had an amusing experience last year. After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me. I stopped and he asked me for a lift. As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. Neither of us spoke during the journey. I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, ‘Do you speak English?' As I soon learnt, he was English himself.
本文語法：過去完成時(shí)
語法歸納：過去完成時(shí)的形式：had +過去分詞
表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。一般總結(jié)為：過去的過去發(fā)生到過去結(jié)束。經(jīng)常與過去時(shí)間狀語連用。
By the end of last month I had worked in New Oriental School for six years.
到上個(gè)月底我已經(jīng)在新東方學(xué)校工作六年了。
He replied that his sister had caught cold for two days.他回答說，他姐姐感冒已經(jīng)兩天了。
過去完成時(shí)在時(shí)間狀語從句中的應(yīng)用：
1)時(shí)間狀語從句
after / as soon as +過去完成時(shí)，主句為一般過去時(shí)
After the class had begun, the little boy arrived at the classroom.
開始上課以后，這個(gè)小男孩才到教室。
As soon as I had seen him, he said goodbye to me and went away.
我一看見他，他就向我說再見然后走開了。
2)時(shí)間狀語從句
before / until +一般過去時(shí)，主句為過去完成時(shí)
He had called me before he came to see me.他來看我之前給我打過電話。
I had waited at the bus station for an hour until my girlfriend came.
在我女朋友來之前，我已經(jīng)在車站等了她一個(gè)小時(shí)了。
3)時(shí)間狀語從句
no sooner / hardly + 過去完成時(shí)，主句為than/when+一般過去時(shí)
I had do sooner gone out than it began to rain.我剛走到外面就開始下雨了。
逐句精講：
1.I had an amusing experience last year.
去年，我有過有趣的
2.After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town.
在離開法國南部的一個(gè)小村莊之后，我繼續(xù)駛往下一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)。
語言點(diǎn)1 此句時(shí)間狀語從句為“after +過去完成時(shí)”,主句用一般過去時(shí)。
語目點(diǎn)2 “動(dòng)詞+ on”表示繼續(xù)做某動(dòng)作：drive on繼續(xù)開車;walk on繼續(xù)走;swim on繼續(xù)游泳; ride on繼續(xù)騎車;study on繼續(xù)研究
語言點(diǎn)3 介詞短語in the south of France 作 village的后置定語。另舉例：I like the hills in the west of Beijing..我喜歡此京西部的小山。
3.On the way, a young man waved to me.
途中，一個(gè)年輕人向我招手。
語言點(diǎn)1 on the way途中，在路上
語言點(diǎn)2 wave to sb.向某人招手,可用于下列四種情況：1)問候; 2)再見; 3)尋求幫助; 4)發(fā)出信號(hào)
4.I stopped and he asked me for a lift.
我停下了車，他請(qǐng)求讓我捎他一段路。
語言點(diǎn)1 對(duì)比學(xué)習(xí)：
1)I stopped the car.我停下了車。(強(qiáng)調(diào)我的動(dòng)作，文中省去the car。)
2)The car stopped.車子停了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)車的動(dòng)作。)
語言點(diǎn)2 ask sb.for sth.向某人請(qǐng)求某事：ask me for a lift向我請(qǐng)求搭便車;A beggar asked me for money when I was walking on the street last night.昨晚我在街上閑逛時(shí)，一個(gè)乞丐向我 要錢。
5.As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language.
當(dāng)他一坐進(jìn)車?yán)?，我就用法語向他問早上好，他也同樣用法語回答我。
語言點(diǎn)1 關(guān)于“一……就”的表達(dá)：
1)as soon as
As soon as I had entered the bedroom, I got sleepy.我一走進(jìn)臥室就想睡覺。
As soon as he had seen the water, he wanted to go fishing.他一看到水就想釣魚。
2)the moment(that)…
The moment I had seen you, I fell in love with you.在見到你的那一刻，我就愛上了你。
3)the minute / second / instant (that)…
The instant my brother had fallen in the water, I jumped into the river.
就在我弟弟掉進(jìn)水里的那一瞬間，我就跳了下去。
語言點(diǎn)2 in / into + language用/成為……語言
He replied in English.他用英語回答。
Please translate this sentence into Chinese.請(qǐng)把這個(gè)句子翻譯成中文
語言點(diǎn)3 in the same language作狀語。
注意：只有在reply后面有賓語時(shí)才加介詞。
——Could you give all of your money to me?
——“Of course not,” M she replied.(或she replied to me.)
6.Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all.
除了會(huì)幾個(gè)簡單的單詞之外，我壓根兒就不會(huì)講法語。
語言點(diǎn)1 表達(dá)“除了……之外”的重點(diǎn)短語：
1)apart from和exccpt for常用在句首，后不加句子(不包括其后所跟的內(nèi)容，相當(dāng)于without )。
Except for being too long, this is a wonderfiil movie.除了有一點(diǎn)長之外，這是一部很不錯(cuò)的電影。
2)except常用于句中(不包括其后所跟的內(nèi)容，相當(dāng)于without)。
All students went to the cinema except you.除了你之外，其余所有的學(xué)生都去了電影 院。(唯獨(dú)你沒去)
3)besides常用于句中(包括其后所跟的內(nèi)容在內(nèi)，相當(dāng)于with)。
They went to the cinema besides me.除了我之外，他們也去了電*。(我去了)
4)in addition to可用在句首，亦可用在句中。
In addition to this book, I possess lots of books.除了這本書之外，我還有很多書。
語言點(diǎn)2 at all意為“根本”，一般在句子中起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。
You do not know anything about cooking at all.你對(duì)烹任根本就一無所知。
7.Neither of us spoke during the journey.
在旅途中，我們兩個(gè)人都沒有說話。
語言點(diǎn) 比較學(xué)習(xí)“...of+范圍”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語：
1)neither of兩者中任何一個(gè)都不可以(謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù))
Neither of them has train tickets.他們倆都沒有火車票。
2)either of兩者中任何一個(gè)都可以
Either of the brothers will come.這兄弟倆中會(huì)來一個(gè)。
3)both of兩者都可以
I will take both of the toys.兩個(gè)玩具我都買了。
4)which of哪一個(gè)(兩個(gè)，三個(gè)或以上)
Which of the English books do you like best?這些英語書中你喜歡哪一本?
5) all of三者或以上
All of boys and girls like to eat candy.所有的男孩和女孩都愛吃糖果。
6) none of三者或以上都不可以
None of soldiers survived the war.在這次戰(zhàn)爭中士兵們無一生還。
8.I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, ‘Do you speak English?'.
就在我快到城鎮(zhèn)的時(shí)候，年輕人突然慢慢地問道：“您講英語嗎? ”
語言點(diǎn)1 nearly = almost幾乎
I saw almost all students in this town.我差不多見到了這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)上所有的學(xué)生。
語言點(diǎn)2 when在這里不能譯為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，而應(yīng)譯為“就在此時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于just then。
9.As I soon learnt, he was English himself.
我很快了解到，他自己就是個(gè)英國人!
語言點(diǎn)1 as引導(dǎo)從句+主句的結(jié)構(gòu)：
As we know, he is an English teacher.正如我們所知，他是一個(gè)英語老師。
As he told, all students went out.就像他說的，所有的學(xué)生都出去了。
As the teacher pointed out, one is never too old to learn.就像老師指出的，一個(gè)人永遠(yuǎn)應(yīng)該是活到老學(xué)到老。
語言點(diǎn)2 himself為反身代詞，在書面表達(dá)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在句尾表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。
課文內(nèi)容：
I had an amusing experience last year. After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me. I stopped and he asked me for a lift. As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. Neither of us spoke during the journey. I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, ‘Do you speak English?' As I soon learnt, he was English himself.
本文語法：過去完成時(shí)
語法歸納：過去完成時(shí)的形式：had +過去分詞
表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。一般總結(jié)為：過去的過去發(fā)生到過去結(jié)束。經(jīng)常與過去時(shí)間狀語連用。
By the end of last month I had worked in New Oriental School for six years.
到上個(gè)月底我已經(jīng)在新東方學(xué)校工作六年了。
He replied that his sister had caught cold for two days.他回答說，他姐姐感冒已經(jīng)兩天了。
過去完成時(shí)在時(shí)間狀語從句中的應(yīng)用：
1)時(shí)間狀語從句
after / as soon as +過去完成時(shí)，主句為一般過去時(shí)
After the class had begun, the little boy arrived at the classroom.
開始上課以后，這個(gè)小男孩才到教室。
As soon as I had seen him, he said goodbye to me and went away.
我一看見他，他就向我說再見然后走開了。
2)時(shí)間狀語從句
before / until +一般過去時(shí)，主句為過去完成時(shí)
He had called me before he came to see me.他來看我之前給我打過電話。
I had waited at the bus station for an hour until my girlfriend came.
在我女朋友來之前，我已經(jīng)在車站等了她一個(gè)小時(shí)了。
3)時(shí)間狀語從句
no sooner / hardly + 過去完成時(shí)，主句為than/when+一般過去時(shí)
I had do sooner gone out than it began to rain.我剛走到外面就開始下雨了。
逐句精講：
1.I had an amusing experience last year.
去年，我有過有趣的
2.After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town.
在離開法國南部的一個(gè)小村莊之后，我繼續(xù)駛往下一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)。
語言點(diǎn)1 此句時(shí)間狀語從句為“after +過去完成時(shí)”,主句用一般過去時(shí)。
語目點(diǎn)2 “動(dòng)詞+ on”表示繼續(xù)做某動(dòng)作：drive on繼續(xù)開車;walk on繼續(xù)走;swim on繼續(xù)游泳; ride on繼續(xù)騎車;study on繼續(xù)研究
語言點(diǎn)3 介詞短語in the south of France 作 village的后置定語。另舉例：I like the hills in the west of Beijing..我喜歡此京西部的小山。
3.On the way, a young man waved to me.
途中，一個(gè)年輕人向我招手。
語言點(diǎn)1 on the way途中，在路上
語言點(diǎn)2 wave to sb.向某人招手,可用于下列四種情況：1)問候; 2)再見; 3)尋求幫助; 4)發(fā)出信號(hào)
4.I stopped and he asked me for a lift.
我停下了車，他請(qǐng)求讓我捎他一段路。
語言點(diǎn)1 對(duì)比學(xué)習(xí)：
1)I stopped the car.我停下了車。(強(qiáng)調(diào)我的動(dòng)作，文中省去the car。)
2)The car stopped.車子停了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)車的動(dòng)作。)
語言點(diǎn)2 ask sb.for sth.向某人請(qǐng)求某事：ask me for a lift向我請(qǐng)求搭便車;A beggar asked me for money when I was walking on the street last night.昨晚我在街上閑逛時(shí)，一個(gè)乞丐向我 要錢。
5.As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language.
當(dāng)他一坐進(jìn)車?yán)?，我就用法語向他問早上好，他也同樣用法語回答我。
語言點(diǎn)1 關(guān)于“一……就”的表達(dá)：
1)as soon as
As soon as I had entered the bedroom, I got sleepy.我一走進(jìn)臥室就想睡覺。
As soon as he had seen the water, he wanted to go fishing.他一看到水就想釣魚。
2)the moment(that)…
The moment I had seen you, I fell in love with you.在見到你的那一刻，我就愛上了你。
3)the minute / second / instant (that)…
The instant my brother had fallen in the water, I jumped into the river.
就在我弟弟掉進(jìn)水里的那一瞬間，我就跳了下去。
語言點(diǎn)2 in / into + language用/成為……語言
He replied in English.他用英語回答。
Please translate this sentence into Chinese.請(qǐng)把這個(gè)句子翻譯成中文
語言點(diǎn)3 in the same language作狀語。
注意：只有在reply后面有賓語時(shí)才加介詞。
——Could you give all of your money to me?
——“Of course not,” M she replied.(或she replied to me.)
6.Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all.
除了會(huì)幾個(gè)簡單的單詞之外，我壓根兒就不會(huì)講法語。
語言點(diǎn)1 表達(dá)“除了……之外”的重點(diǎn)短語：
1)apart from和exccpt for常用在句首，后不加句子(不包括其后所跟的內(nèi)容，相當(dāng)于without )。
Except for being too long, this is a wonderfiil movie.除了有一點(diǎn)長之外，這是一部很不錯(cuò)的電影。
2)except常用于句中(不包括其后所跟的內(nèi)容，相當(dāng)于without)。
All students went to the cinema except you.除了你之外，其余所有的學(xué)生都去了電影 院。(唯獨(dú)你沒去)
3)besides常用于句中(包括其后所跟的內(nèi)容在內(nèi)，相當(dāng)于with)。
They went to the cinema besides me.除了我之外，他們也去了電*。(我去了)
4)in addition to可用在句首，亦可用在句中。
In addition to this book, I possess lots of books.除了這本書之外，我還有很多書。
語言點(diǎn)2 at all意為“根本”，一般在句子中起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。
You do not know anything about cooking at all.你對(duì)烹任根本就一無所知。
7.Neither of us spoke during the journey.
在旅途中，我們兩個(gè)人都沒有說話。
語言點(diǎn) 比較學(xué)習(xí)“...of+范圍”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語：
1)neither of兩者中任何一個(gè)都不可以(謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù))
Neither of them has train tickets.他們倆都沒有火車票。
2)either of兩者中任何一個(gè)都可以
Either of the brothers will come.這兄弟倆中會(huì)來一個(gè)。
3)both of兩者都可以
I will take both of the toys.兩個(gè)玩具我都買了。
4)which of哪一個(gè)(兩個(gè)，三個(gè)或以上)
Which of the English books do you like best?這些英語書中你喜歡哪一本?
5) all of三者或以上
All of boys and girls like to eat candy.所有的男孩和女孩都愛吃糖果。
6) none of三者或以上都不可以
None of soldiers survived the war.在這次戰(zhàn)爭中士兵們無一生還。
8.I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, ‘Do you speak English?'.
就在我快到城鎮(zhèn)的時(shí)候，年輕人突然慢慢地問道：“您講英語嗎? ”
語言點(diǎn)1 nearly = almost幾乎
I saw almost all students in this town.我差不多見到了這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)上所有的學(xué)生。
語言點(diǎn)2 when在這里不能譯為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，而應(yīng)譯為“就在此時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于just then。
9.As I soon learnt, he was English himself.
我很快了解到，他自己就是個(gè)英國人!
語言點(diǎn)1 as引導(dǎo)從句+主句的結(jié)構(gòu)：
As we know, he is an English teacher.正如我們所知，他是一個(gè)英語老師。
As he told, all students went out.就像他說的，所有的學(xué)生都出去了。
As the teacher pointed out, one is never too old to learn.就像老師指出的，一個(gè)人永遠(yuǎn)應(yīng)該是活到老學(xué)到老。
語言點(diǎn)2 himself為反身代詞，在書面表達(dá)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在句尾表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。