Section C(復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)調(diào)整為單詞及詞組聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，短文長(zhǎng)度及難度不變。)
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways 26__________ the situation they are in. This is very natural. All languages have two general levels of usage: a formal level and an informal level. English is no 27__________ . The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a 28__________ level. Formal language is the kind of language you find in text books, 29__________ books and in business letters. You would also use formal English in 30__________ and essays that you write in school. Informal language is used in conversation with 31 __________, family members and friends, and when we write personal notes or letters to close friends.
Formal language is different from informal language in several ways. First, formal language 32__________ be more polite. What we may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be polite. For example, I might say to a friend or a family member, “Close the door, please,” but to a 33__________ , I probably would say “Would you mind closing the door?”
Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the 34__________ . There are bound to be some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal. Let’s say that I really like soccer. If I am talking to my friend, I might say “I am just 35__________ soccer! ” But if I were talking to my boss, I would probably say “I really enjoy soccer.” Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes))(原快速閱讀理解調(diào)整為長(zhǎng)篇閱讀理解，篇章長(zhǎng)度和難度不變。篇章后附有10個(gè)句子，每句一題。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出與每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能對(duì)應(yīng)兩題，有的段落可能不對(duì)應(yīng)任何一題。)
Section C
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
How to Make Peace with Your Workload
[A] Swamped (忙碌的),under the gun, just struggling to stay above water...; whatever office cliche you employ to depict it, we"ve all been in that situation where we feel like we might be swallowed up by our workload. Nonetheless many a way may be used to manage your to-do list to prevent feeling overwhelmed. How to make peace with your workload once and for all goes as follows.
[B] Get organized. “Clear the deadwood out of your desk and keep your office in shape, which enhances your capability to handle other tasks and raises the probability that you’ll retrieve the items you do need in a faster and easier fashion,” says Jeff Davidson who works as a work/life expert and writer of more than 50 books on workplace issues. “When something can be disposed, let it go, given in reality most of what you retain is replaceable.” Joel Rudy, vice president of operations for Photographic Solutions, with better than thirty years of business management experience, believes that keeping organized is a must. “ Messy work areas are nonproductive in some measure. Provided that you can"t locate a document or report easily because it’s lost in a pile of mess, then you have a problematic situation,” he says. “Thereby you are supposed to take the time to tidy up your work areas and keep your important files, manuals and reports in an accessible location, which will maximize your efficiencies.”
[C] Make a to-do list, then cover it up. It may sound weird, but it works, says Jessica Carlson, an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an advertising consulting firm. Carlson urges her team to utilize to-do lists to stay on track and highlight items that are a priority. “Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time,” she suggests. “This will allow you to focus better on the task at hand; otherwise, it will be easy to get overwhelmed if you’re reading through a to-do list that spans an entire page. Concentrating on a single item will make your tasks appear like they are more doable,” Carlson says.
[D] Stop multitasking. Despite what you may consider multitasking, it’s counterproductive. Unless you’re drinking coffee while scanning your morning e-mails, you’re not saving any time by attempting to do ten things at once. “If you find yourself getting tangled in too many things, it may be of much necessity of you to re-evaluate your involvement,” Rudy says. “Your mind will wander from one topic to another and you may end up never accomplishing a thing.” Rudy recommends the best way to stop multitasking is to create priority lists with deadlines. “When applicable, complete one project before you move further on to the next one,” he says.
[E ] Set time limits. Deborah Chaddock-Brown, a work-at-home single parent, says she’s frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her residence and running her own business. Still, she manages to “do it all” by setting a time limit for each task. “I have the type of personality that flits (輕輕地掠過(guò))from thing to thing because I do have so much on my plate,” Brown says. “As a consequence I assign time slots: For the next 15 minutes I will participate in social media for the purpose of marketing my business (not sending photos or playing Farmville) and that is the only thing I am about to do for the next 15 minutes. When the time is up, I move on to the next task. That way, at night I don’t end up with a pile of tasks to accomplish even though I felt busy all day.”
[F ] Talk to your manager. “Quite often, people are working on things that are no longer a top priority, but someone forgot to tell them (that they’re no longer important). There are usually clear priorities in the manager’s head; he or she has just not done a great job communicating those with the employee,” says Holly Green, CEO of The Human Factor. Green’s suggestion unfolds in this manner: “If you find yourself confronted with too many responsibilities, sit down, note the significant things you are in charge of, and go to your manager to have a conversation to discuss priorities, trade-offs, time commitments and interdependencies required to do each thing well, and then ask what you should stop working on or work on less so you can get the right things done.” Green says managers should be willing to help sort out priorities, so long as employees have a can-do approach and aren’t just complaining about their workload.
[G ] Eliminate time wasters. “If interruptions are keeping you from your responsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly,” says Eileen Roth, author of Organizing for Dummies. Roth proposes the following suggestions to combat disruptions: “Use voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions, turn off the alert that says ‘You’ve got an e-mail; and give staff members a set time to visit you.” Justin Gramm, president of Globella Buyers Realty, exemplifies Roth’s point. “E-mail had been a big time waster for me in the past because it was a constant interruption, causing me to lose focus on the task at hand,” he says. Since determined to check his e-mails only twice a day, Gramm says he has become much more efficient. “If people want to get more work done, they need to stop checking e-mails and get down to business,” he says.
[H] Assess your workload before taking on new tasks. “The paradox of today’s work environment is that the more you do, the more that’s expected of you,” Davidson says. In order to better assess your workload, Davidson suggests asking yourself the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities: Is the task aligned (使一致)with your priorities and goals; Are you likely to be as prone to saying yes to such a request tomorrow or next week; What else could you do that would be more rewarding; What other pressing tasks and responsibilities are you likely to face; Does the other party have options other than you; Will he or she be crushed if you say no?
[I] Want to know more? Most of our experts recommended books for additional tips on how to maximize efficiency, but one book was mentioned time and again. Check out The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People.
46. “The more you do, the more you are expected to do” has been a paradox in today’s work environment.
47. As long as employees have a can-do attitude and do not just complain about their workload, the managers would like to help them decide what to do first.
48. As a single parent, Deborah Chaddock-Brown finds it difficult to make a balance between business and housework.
49. There are many useful methods of preventing people from feeling overwhelmed by workload.
50. Messy work areas are nonproductive to some extent, so you are supposed to keep your work areas tidy and important files at hand.
51. To know more about how to maximize efficiency, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People is recommended.
52. In Organizing for Dummies, using voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions and turning off the e-mail notice are suggested in combating interruptions.
53. According to Rudy, the best way to stop multitasking is to make a list of priorities and set deadlines for each task.
54. Focusing on a single matter will make your tasks appear more possible to be done.
55. In fact, most of what people retain is substitutable, so dispose the things that are disposable. Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)(原單句漢譯英調(diào)整為段落漢譯英。翻譯內(nèi)容涉及中國(guó)的歷史、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)發(fā)展等。四級(jí)長(zhǎng)度為140-160個(gè)漢字)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
如今，越來(lái)越多的大學(xué)生抱怨很難找到好工作。造成這一現(xiàn)象的原因如下：首先，大學(xué)生把在校的大多數(shù) 時(shí)間都用在了專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)上，只有當(dāng)他們開(kāi)始找工作的時(shí)候，才意識(shí)到自己缺乏必要的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。其次，大 學(xué)生之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)也越來(lái)越激烈，這導(dǎo)致任何一名大學(xué)生找到工作的機(jī)會(huì)都變小了。因此，強(qiáng)烈建議大學(xué)生在 課余時(shí)間做一些兼職工作，以積累相關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
Section C
26. depending on 取決于
27. exception 例外
28. particular 特別的
29. reference 參考
30. compositions 作文
31. colleagues 同事
32. tends to 傾向于
33. stranger 陌生人
34. vocabulary 詞匯
35. crazy about 熱衷，著迷
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Section B
46. [H]。題干意為，“你做的工作越多，期望你完成的工作就越多”已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今工作環(huán)境中的一種悖論。注 意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞the more...the more...、paradox和work environment。文章段落中，論及悖論和工作環(huán) 境的內(nèi)容在[H]段出現(xiàn)，該段第二句提到，目前的工作環(huán)境中存在著一個(gè)悖論，那就是你做的工作越多， 期望你完成的工作就越多。由此可知，題干是對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[H]。
47. [F]。題干意為，只要員工抱有積極進(jìn)取的態(tài)度而不是只抱怨他們的工作量，經(jīng)理們將樂(lè)于幫助員工決定 首先應(yīng)該做什么。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞employees和managers、complain about their workload。文章段落 中，論及抱怨工作量以及員工和經(jīng)理之間關(guān)系的內(nèi)容在[F]段出現(xiàn)，該段末句提到，只要員工有積極進(jìn)取 的態(tài)度而不只是抱怨工作量，經(jīng)理們應(yīng)該樂(lè)于幫助員工梳理工作的優(yōu)先次序。由此可知，題干是對(duì)原文的 同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[F]。題干中的as long as和原文中的so long as對(duì)應(yīng)，題干中的decide what to do first和原 文中的 sort out priorities 對(duì)應(yīng)。
48. [E]。題干意為，作為一個(gè)單親媽媽?zhuān)虏├?#8226;查多克-布朗發(fā)現(xiàn)很難在生意和家務(wù)之間找到平衡點(diǎn)。注意抓 住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞single parent和Deborah Chaddock-Brown。文章段落中，論及單親媽媽和提到人名 Deborah Chaddock-Brown的內(nèi)容在[E]段出現(xiàn)，該段第二句提到，德博拉•查多克-布朗是一位在家工作的 單親母親，她說(shuō)自己經(jīng)常對(duì)既要做家務(wù)又要經(jīng)營(yíng)自己的事業(yè)感到不堪重負(fù)。由此可知，題干是對(duì)原文的同 義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[E]。題干中的make a balance和原文中的maintaining order對(duì)應(yīng)。
49. [A]。題干意為，有很多有用的方法可以使人們避免產(chǎn)生不堪重負(fù)的感覺(jué)。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞 prevent…feeling overwhelmed。文章段落中，論及避免產(chǎn)生不堪重負(fù)的感覺(jué)的內(nèi)容在[A]段出現(xiàn)，該段第二 句提到，我們可以采用很多方法來(lái)管理所有待辦事項(xiàng)，以避免產(chǎn)生不堪重負(fù)的感覺(jué)。由此可知，題干是對(duì) 原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[A]。
50. [B]。題干意為，雜亂的工作區(qū)在某種程度上會(huì)影響工作效率，所以你應(yīng)該保持你的辦公區(qū)域整潔并且重 要文件就在手這。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞messy work areas、nonproductive和you are supposed to。文章段落 中，論及雜亂的工作區(qū)影響工作效率以及保持辦公區(qū)域整潔的內(nèi)容在[B]段出現(xiàn)，該段第五句提到，雜亂
的工作區(qū)在某種程度上會(huì)影響工作效率。該段末句提到，因此，你應(yīng)該花些時(shí)間來(lái)整理一下自己的辦公區(qū) 域，把重要的文件、手冊(cè)和報(bào)告都放在隨手可取的位置，這樣可以在大程度上提高你的工作效率。由此 可知，題干是對(duì)原文部分內(nèi)容的歸納總結(jié)，故答案為[B ]。題干中的to some extent和原文中的in some measure對(duì)應(yīng)，題干中的at hand和原文中的in an accessible location對(duì)應(yīng)。
51. [I]。題干意為，若想了解更多關(guān)于如何大限度地提高效率的內(nèi)容，推薦閱讀《高效能人士的七個(gè)習(xí)慣》。 注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞(書(shū)名)。文章段落中，只有[I]段提到 了《高效能人士的七個(gè)習(xí)慣》一書(shū)，該段提到，大多數(shù)專(zhuān)家都會(huì)推薦很多關(guān)于如何大限度地提高效率的 書(shū)，其中有一本書(shū)一再被提及：《高效能人士的七個(gè)習(xí)慣》。由此可知，題干是對(duì)該段內(nèi)容的歸納總 結(jié)，故答案為[I]。
52. [G]。題干意為，在《組織力傻瓜書(shū)》一書(shū)中，建議使用語(yǔ)音信箱來(lái)減少電話(huà)打擾和關(guān)掉郵件提示的方法來(lái) 對(duì)抗干擾。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞(書(shū)名)。文章段落中，論及《組織力傻瓜書(shū)》一 書(shū)的內(nèi)容在[G]段出現(xiàn)，該段第二句提到，羅思提出了以下建議來(lái)對(duì)抗干擾：“使用語(yǔ)音信箱來(lái)減少電話(huà) 打擾，關(guān)掉‘您有一封新郵件’的語(yǔ)音提示，以及安排出固定時(shí)間來(lái)見(jiàn)有事找你的員工。”由此可知，題干是 對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[G]。
53. [D]。題干意為，根據(jù)魯?shù)纤f(shuō)，停止同時(shí)處理多項(xiàng)任務(wù)的佳方法是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)優(yōu)先級(jí)工作列表，且每項(xiàng) 工作都規(guī)定好后期限。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Rudy、multitasking和deadlines。文章段落中，提到人名 Rudy、論及多項(xiàng)任務(wù)以及后期限的內(nèi)容在[D]段出現(xiàn)，該段倒數(shù)第二句提到，魯?shù)辖ㄗh停止同時(shí)進(jìn)行多 項(xiàng)任務(wù)的佳方法就是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)優(yōu)先級(jí)工作列表，且每項(xiàng)工作都規(guī)定好后期限。由此可知，題干是對(duì)原 文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[D]。
54. [C]。題干意為，將注意力集中在單個(gè)事情上，這會(huì)讓你覺(jué)得你的任務(wù)似乎更容易執(zhí)行。注意抓住題干中的 關(guān)鍵詞single matter和your tasks appear。文章段落中，論及單個(gè)事情的內(nèi)容在[C]段出現(xiàn)，該段后一句提 到，將注意力集中在一項(xiàng)任務(wù)上，會(huì)讓你覺(jué)得清單上的任務(wù)似乎更可執(zhí)行。由此可知，題干是對(duì)原文的同 義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[C]。題干中的focusing和原文中的concentrating對(duì)應(yīng)，題干中的more possible to be done和 原文中的more doable對(duì)應(yīng)。
55. [B]。題干意為，事實(shí)上，人們保留的大部分東西都是可替代的，所以，將可以處理掉的東西處理掉。注意 抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞retain和dispose。文章段落中，論及保留和處理東西的內(nèi)容在[B]段出現(xiàn)，該段第三句 提到，當(dāng)有些東西能被處理時(shí)，就處理掉，畢竟實(shí)際上大多數(shù)你所保留的東西都是可替代的。由此可知， 題干是對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[B]。題干中的substitutable和原文中的replaceable對(duì)應(yīng)。
Part Ⅳ Translation
參考答案
Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job. The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training. Second, competition among graduates has become more and more fierce. And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job. Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience.
難點(diǎn)精析
1.抱怨很難找到好工作：翻譯為complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job。其中“抱怨做某事”用句型complain about doing sth.表示，having great difficulties in finding a good job表示“找工作有困難”，用到了句型have difficulties in doing sth.。
2.只有當(dāng)他們開(kāi)始找工作的時(shí)候，才意識(shí)到自己缺乏必要的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)：翻譯為it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training?！挥挟?dāng) 才 ’’用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型it is only when…that…表示。 ，
3.導(dǎo)致：翻譯為results in,同義短語(yǔ)有l(wèi)ead to和bring about，但是表示不好的結(jié)果時(shí)一般用短語(yǔ)result in。
4.強(qiáng)烈建議：翻譯為it is highly suggested that...，其中highly suggested也可以用 strongly recommended 替換，都表示“強(qiáng)烈建議做某事”。
5.積累相關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)：翻譯為accumulate relevant working experience.