【GRE】
新東方金牌直沖高分！2016年GRE考試全程課程火熱開售中>>
The surface of Venus calcite, a mineral that absorbs the gas sulfur dioxide. Sulfur
dioxide is often produced by volcanic activity and is plentiful in Venus’atmosphere, so
there must be a source, perhaps volcanic, producing sulfurdioxide on Venus.
1. Whichof the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. In the recent past, the level of sulfur dioxide in Venus’ atmosphere was notmuch
higher than it is now.
B. If there is volcanic activity on the surface of Venus, it is not adequate tomaintain the
observed amount of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere.
C. The sulfur dioxide in Venus’ atmosphere forms clouds that prevent direct observation of the surface.
D.Sulfur dioxide produced by volcanic activity on the Earth’s surface is also absorbed by minerals other than calcite.
E.The calcite on the surface of Venus is in sufficient supply to continue to absorb sulfur
for millions of years to come.
該題是一道假設(shè)題。文章說，金星大氣中有很多二氧化硫(sulfur dioxide ), 二氧化硫經(jīng)常由火山活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生，由C(calcite )吸收。文章由此得出結(jié)論：金星表面應(yīng)該有來源，很可能是火山，正在產(chǎn)生二氧化硫。
文章推理依據(jù)什么假設(shè)呢?
解析
從文章內(nèi)容可知，決定現(xiàn)在金星大氣中是否有二氧化硫有兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素：
1輸入(例如火山噴發(fā))，2 輸出(被C吸收掉)。
文章關(guān)鍵推理是：從現(xiàn)在大氣中有二氧化硫，直接推出現(xiàn)在有輸入(關(guān)鍵因素1起作用)。問題很可能出在哪里?對(duì)啦，忽略了輸出的問題(關(guān)鍵因素2)。
A選項(xiàng)說，近的過去，金星大氣中二氧化硫的水平不比現(xiàn)在高很多。這就是針對(duì)了輸出的問題(關(guān)鍵因素2)。如果是(過去比現(xiàn)在水平高很多)，就是輸出(被C吸收掉)在起作用。也就是說，未必現(xiàn)在是有輸入的(關(guān)鍵因素1)。作者的結(jié)論就被嚴(yán)重削弱了。
所以，A是正確選項(xiàng)。看懂了么?再琢磨一下。
E選項(xiàng)說，金星表面的C有充足的供給，未來幾百萬年能繼續(xù)吸收硫。
該選項(xiàng)無關(guān)。文章討論的是二氧化硫的問題，不是“硫”。
退一步說，等同“硫”和二氧化硫。說C豐富，是直接削弱文章推理思路，不是文章推理所需要的假設(shè)：把可能削弱文章推理的可能性否定掉。
想通了么?想通了就好啦!
The surface of Venus calcite, a mineral that absorbs the gas sulfur dioxide. Sulfur
dioxide is often produced by volcanic activity and is plentiful in Venus’atmosphere, so
there must be a source, perhaps volcanic, producing sulfurdioxide on Venus.
1. Whichof the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. In the recent past, the level of sulfur dioxide in Venus’ atmosphere was notmuch
higher than it is now.
B. If there is volcanic activity on the surface of Venus, it is not adequate tomaintain the
observed amount of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere.
C. The sulfur dioxide in Venus’ atmosphere forms clouds that prevent direct observation of the surface.
D.Sulfur dioxide produced by volcanic activity on the Earth’s surface is also absorbed by minerals other than calcite.
E.The calcite on the surface of Venus is in sufficient supply to continue to absorb sulfur
for millions of years to come.
該題是一道假設(shè)題。文章說，金星大氣中有很多二氧化硫(sulfur dioxide ), 二氧化硫經(jīng)常由火山活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生，由C(calcite )吸收。文章由此得出結(jié)論：金星表面應(yīng)該有來源，很可能是火山，正在產(chǎn)生二氧化硫。
文章推理依據(jù)什么假設(shè)呢?
解析
從文章內(nèi)容可知，決定現(xiàn)在金星大氣中是否有二氧化硫有兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素：
1輸入(例如火山噴發(fā))，2 輸出(被C吸收掉)。
文章關(guān)鍵推理是：從現(xiàn)在大氣中有二氧化硫，直接推出現(xiàn)在有輸入(關(guān)鍵因素1起作用)。問題很可能出在哪里?對(duì)啦，忽略了輸出的問題(關(guān)鍵因素2)。
A選項(xiàng)說，近的過去，金星大氣中二氧化硫的水平不比現(xiàn)在高很多。這就是針對(duì)了輸出的問題(關(guān)鍵因素2)。如果是(過去比現(xiàn)在水平高很多)，就是輸出(被C吸收掉)在起作用。也就是說，未必現(xiàn)在是有輸入的(關(guān)鍵因素1)。作者的結(jié)論就被嚴(yán)重削弱了。
所以，A是正確選項(xiàng)。看懂了么?再琢磨一下。
E選項(xiàng)說，金星表面的C有充足的供給，未來幾百萬年能繼續(xù)吸收硫。
該選項(xiàng)無關(guān)。文章討論的是二氧化硫的問題，不是“硫”。
退一步說，等同“硫”和二氧化硫。說C豐富，是直接削弱文章推理思路，不是文章推理所需要的假設(shè)：把可能削弱文章推理的可能性否定掉。
想通了么?想通了就好啦!