1、Exercise
It is, everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learn to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.
Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability?
It was probably not until the 1880's that man, with the help of more advanced steam locomotive, managed to reach a speed of one hundred mph (英里)
要點(diǎn)分析和參考譯文
要點(diǎn)：“everyone agrees”為插入語(yǔ)?！癮nd”連結(jié)兩個(gè)并列句，前一句為“it is … that”強(qiáng)調(diào)句型;后一分句“the fact”后為同位語(yǔ)從句“that he does so in so short a period of time”，因此，后一分句的主要部分為the fact challenges(需要)explanation
參考譯文：每個(gè)人都同意孩子學(xué)說(shuō)話確實(shí)是件困難的事，并且孩子能在這么短的時(shí)間里做到的確需要很好的解釋才行。
要點(diǎn)：“one wonders”為插入語(yǔ)，本句主干結(jié)構(gòu)為“Do the fashions reflect qualities?”，“fashions” 有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)“constantly changing”和“of women's clothes”?！皅ualities”也有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)“basic”和“of inconstancy and instability”。
參考譯文：我們不知道女性服裝不斷變化的時(shí)尚是否反映出不可靠和不穩(wěn)定的基本特點(diǎn)。
要點(diǎn)：此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It was …that…”; that 從句中主語(yǔ)man和謂語(yǔ)managed 之間插入介詞短語(yǔ)“with the help of …”作狀語(yǔ)。
2、Exercise
Americans admire the self-made person—the one who, with neither money nor family influence, fights his or her way to the top.
Silly or wise, terrible or delightful, it is a further helping of experience, an additional joy after dark, another slice of life cut differently for which, it seems to me, we are never sufficiently grateful.
Quite a different problem, but one that is causing growing concern, is that computers may violate people's privacy.
要點(diǎn)分析和參考譯文
要點(diǎn)：破折號(hào)后的“the one”是前面person的同位語(yǔ)，“the one”后面又有一個(gè)由who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，其中主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間有一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)：with neither money nor family influence.
參考譯文：美國(guó)人欽佩靠個(gè)人奮斗而成功的人士：這種人既沒(méi)有金錢也沒(méi)有家庭背景，靠自己的奮斗攀登到上層。
要點(diǎn)：Silly or wise, terrible or delightful為平行結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作讓步狀語(yǔ)。另外句子的表語(yǔ)也是平行結(jié)構(gòu)“a further helping of experience, an additional joy after dark”“it seems to me”為插入語(yǔ)，插入到for which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中。
參考譯文：不管是愚蠢還是聰明，可怕還是愉悅，夢(mèng)中的生活都是更深一層的另外一種體驗(yàn)，是天黑以后才有的另一種歡樂(lè)，是生活另一個(gè)不同的側(cè)面，對(duì)此我似乎覺得怎么感激也不為過(guò)。
要點(diǎn)：句中“but one that is causing growing concern”，在句中作插入語(yǔ)。在意義上是對(duì)“Quite a different problem”的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。One代替上文提到的“problem”
參考譯文：一個(gè)截然不同但卻越來(lái)越引起人們關(guān)注的問(wèn)題是：計(jì)算機(jī)可能會(huì)侵犯人們的隱私。