2017年職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類C級備考輔導六
LED Lighting
1 An accidental discovery announced recently has taken LED lighting to a new level, suggesting it could soon offer a cheaper, longer-lasting alternative to the traditional light bulb. The breakthrough adds to a growing trend that is likely to eventually make Thomas Edison’s bright invention1 obsolete. LEDs are already used in traffic lights, flashlights, and architectural lighting. They are flexible and operate less expensively than traditional lighting.
2 Michael Bowers, a graduate student2 at Vanderbilt University, was just trying to make really small quantum dots, which are crystals generally only a few nanometers big. Quantum dots contain anywhere from 100 to 1,000 electrons3. They’re easily excited bundles of energy, and the smaller they are, the more excited they get. Each dot in Bower’s particular batch was exceptionally small, containing only 33 or 34 pairs of atoms.
3 When you shine a light on quantum dots or apply electricity to them, they react by producing their own light, normally a bright, vibrant color. But when Bowers shined a laser on his batch of dots, something unexpected happened. He was surprised when a white glow covered the table. The quantum dots were supposed to emit blue light4, but instead they were giving off a beautiful white glow.
4 Then Bowers and another student got the idea to stir the dots into polyurethane and coat a blue LED light bulb with the mix. The lumpy bulb wasn’t pretty, but it produced white light similar to a regular light bulb. 5 LEDs produce twice as much light as a regular 60 watt bulb and burn for over 50.000 hours. The Department
of Energy estimates LED lighting could reduce U. S. energy consumption for lighting by 29 percent by 2025. LEDs don’t emit heat, so they’re also more energy efficient. And they’re much harder to break.
6 Quantum dot mixtures could be painted on just about anything5 and electrically excited to produce a rainbow of colors t including white. The main light source of the future will almost surely not be a bulb. It might be a table, a wall, or even a fork.
詞匯: LED /7eli: 5di:/ = light-emitting diode發(fā)光二極管 architectural /7B:ki5tektFErEl/adj.建筑的 crystal /5kristl/n.晶體 polyurethane /7pCli5juEriWein/n.聚亞安酯 obsolete /5CbsEli:t/adj.過時的，被淘汰的 quantum /5kwCntEm/n.量子 flashlight /5flAFlaIt/n.手電筒 lumpy /5lQmpi/adj.粗糙的 vibrant /5vaibrEnt/adj.(顏色)鮮明的 batch /bAtF/n.一批
注釋:
1. bright invention：聰明的發(fā)明
2. graduate student：研究生
3. Quantum dots contain anywhere from 100 to 1,000 electrons：量子點含 100～1000個電子不等。Anywhere是“限定范圍內(nèi)的)任何一點”。又如： His monthly salary is anywhere between 3,000 yuan to 5,000 yuan. 他的月工資在 3000～5000之間。
4. The quantum dots were supposed to emit blue light：按常規(guī)，量子點會發(fā)出藍光。 be supposed to是“被期望(按規(guī)則、慣例)做某事”。又如： They were supposed to have finished writing the report three days ago.他們?nèi)烨熬蛯懲昴欠輬蟾妗?BR> 5. just about anything：幾乎任何東西 about = almost。
5. Unlike traditional lighting, LEDs do not give out heat so .
6. Edison’s bright invention is likely to be outdated because .
7. Something unexpected happened during Bower’s experiment when .
8. Over one quarter of energy consumption for lighting could be saved by 2025 if .
A traditional lighting is less durable and dearer B a laser excited the quantum dots C America adopted LEDs D graduate students work hard E quantum dot mixtures are magic F it is more efficient
答案與題解 :
1. B 第一段的第一、第二句是關鍵。第一句說 LED照明經(jīng)濟實惠，經(jīng)久耐用。第二句說愛迪生的發(fā)明將被淘汰。其意思是 LED將取代傳統(tǒng)照明源，所以， B是答案。
2. E Bowers做實驗，目的并非尋找新照明源。量子點在激光的激發(fā)下發(fā)出白光是意外的發(fā)現(xiàn)。段中用了 “unexpected”和“ surprised”都說明了這一點。第一段的“ accidental discovery”也佐證了這是偶然的發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此， E是答案。
3. D 第五段列舉了應用 LED照明的不少優(yōu)點，如強亮度、經(jīng)久耐用、低能量消耗、不易碎等。選項 D的“LED lighting has many advantages”概括了本段的大意，所以是答案。
4. C由于有了量子點混合劑涂料，幾乎任何物體都能用于照明。這是本段的中心思想。所以， C是答案。
5. F 題干涉及的內(nèi)容在第五段可以找到，有關的句子是：“ LEDs don’t emit heat, so they’re also more energy efficient”，很明顯。 F是答案。
6. A 選 A的依據(jù)是第一段的第一、第二句。
7. B與題干有關的內(nèi)容在第三段第二、第三句中可以找到。根據(jù)這兩句表達的意思， B是答案。
8. C 題干的“29 percent of energy consumption for lighting could be saved by 2025”可在第五段第二句中找到。題干配上選項 C后表達的意思與該句的意思相符，所以， C是答案。