新概念英語第三冊語法總結(jié):形容詞

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定義:形容詞是用來修飾名詞的詞,描述名詞的性質(zhì)、外觀、特點(diǎn)等。
    功能:形容詞可以做定語、表語或補(bǔ)助語。
    分類:主要分為兩類:描繪性形容詞和限定性形容詞。
    ● 描繪性形容詞主要用來描繪大、小、新舊、顏色、質(zhì)量等。
    ● 限定性形容詞主要用來限定所修飾詞的數(shù)量、距離及范圍所屬等。
    1.當(dāng)形容詞修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時,必須與冠詞連用:
    a lovely girl, the naughty boy
    2.形容詞可與系動詞連用,做表語,說明主語的性狀。常用系動詞有:be, become, seem, appear, feel, look, taste, smell, sound, remain, go, turn, keep, stay, etc.
    The dish tastes delicious.
    The music sounds sweet.
    The milk went bad.
    小心陷阱:feel,smell,taste,look,keep有時可以用作實義動詞,并可以用副詞修飾。
    He looked me up and down carefully.
    I tasted the soup slowly to see whether it was salty.
    3.形容詞用作后置定語。(簡單理解:一般的形容詞修飾名詞時放在名詞前面,但有些形容詞修飾名詞時放在名詞的后面)
    a river navigable(一條可通航的河)
    sight visible (可見的景象)
    person responsible(負(fù)責(zé)人)注意:responsible person(有責(zé)任心的人)
    the best way possible(盡可能好的辦法)
    the number necessary(必要的數(shù)量)
    the people present(在場的人)
    4.只能作表語的形容詞
    (1) 某些表示健康狀況的形容詞。
    well(身體好的),ill(病的),faint(虛弱的),poorly(身體不好的)
    示例:His mother has been ill for a long time.
    特別注意:sick是個特例。它既可做表語,又可做定語。
    He is sick for a couple of days.(他病兩三天了)
    He is a sick person.(他是個病人。)
    (2) 某些以 a-開頭的形容詞。
    如:afraid, alone, alive, asleep, awake, aware
    The old man is alone in the house.(老人一個人在家。)
    The teacher is alive with enthusiasm.(這位老師熱情洋溢。)
    He is asleep in his mother's arms.(他在母親的懷抱中睡著了。)
    I have been aware of the difficulty.(我已經(jīng)意識到了困難。)