Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?
【New words and expressions】（5）
until prep. 直到
outside adv. 外面
ring v. （鈴、電話等）響（rang, rung）
aunt n. 姑，姨，嬸，舅母
repeat v. 重復(fù)
★until prep.直到
until用于表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)等的持續(xù)，可譯為“一直到……為止”或“在……以前”。在肯定句中，它與表示持續(xù)性狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞連用，表示持續(xù)到某一時(shí)刻：
I’ll wait here until 5. 我會(huì)在這里等到5點(diǎn)鐘。
His father was alive until he came back. 直到他回來(lái)為止,他爸爸都是活著的.
在否定句中，它通常與描述短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞連用，表示“到……為止”、“直到……才”：
She cannot arrive until 6. 她到6點(diǎn)才能來(lái)。
His father didn't die until he came back. 直到他回來(lái),他爸爸才死.
until（后的從句）的時(shí)間終止之前,這個(gè)動(dòng)作做了還是沒(méi)做？做了前面的主句用肯定；沒(méi)做前面的主句用否定
For he ___A(C)___(wait) until it stopped raining.
A. waited B. didn't wait
A. leave B. left C. didn't leave
I stay in bed until twelve o'clock.
I didn't get up until 12 o'clock.
★outside adv. 外面（作狀語(yǔ)）
He is waiting for me outside.
It is cold outside.
★ring(rang. rung) v.(鈴、電話等)響
① vt. 鳴，(鈴、電話等)響(這種響是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事)
Every morning the clock rings at 6.
The telephone(door bell) is ringing.
而風(fēng)鈴等響要用jingle，jingle (bell) (鈴兒) 響叮當(dāng)
② vt. 打電話給（美語(yǔ)中用call）
ring sb. 給某人打電話
Tomorrow I'll ring you.
③ n. （打）電話
give sb. a ring
Remember to give me a ring. /Remember to ring me.
④ n. 戒指
★aunt n. 姑,姨,嬸,舅媽(所有長(zhǎng)一輩的女性都用這個(gè)稱(chēng)呼)
男性則是uncle: 叔叔
他們的孩子：cousin 堂兄妹(不分男女)
cousin的孩子：nephew 外甥；niece 外甥女
★repeat v. 重復(fù)
① vt. 重復(fù)
Will you repeat the last word?
They are repeating that wonderful paly.
② vi. 重做，重說(shuō)
Please repeat after me.
Don’t repeat.
【Text】
It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 'What a day!' I thought. 'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. 'I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.'
'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said.
'What are you doing?' she asked.
'I'm having breakfast,' I repeated.
'Dear me,' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!'
參考譯文：
那是個(gè)星期天, 而在星期天我是從來(lái)不早起的, 有時(shí)我要一直躺到吃午飯的時(shí)候. 上個(gè)星期天, 我起得很晚. 我望望窗外, 外面一片昏暗. “鬼天氣!” 我想, “又下雨了. “正在這時(shí), 電話鈴響了. 是我姑母露西打來(lái)的. “我剛下火車(chē), “她說(shuō), “我這就來(lái)看你. “
“但我還在吃早飯, “我說(shuō).
“你在干什么?” 她問(wèn)道.
“我正在吃早飯, “我又說(shuō)了一遍.
“天啊, “她說(shuō), “你總是起得這么晚嗎?現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)1點(diǎn)鐘了!”
【課文講解】
1、It was Sunday.
it指時(shí)間、天氣、溫度或距離，it被稱(chēng)為“虛主語(yǔ)”（empty subject）。作為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的中性代詞，it可以指一件東西、一件事件或用來(lái)指是什么人：
It is a lovely baby.
2、I never get up early on Sundays.
on Sundays: 所有的星期天,每逢星期天,與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用，表示經(jīng)常性的行為。
介詞on一般用于表示某一天的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)中：on Monday，on Monday morning，on that day
當(dāng)使用last，next，this，that時(shí)，介詞（以及定冠詞）必須省略：
I’ll see you next/this Friday.
never 從來(lái)不 (可以直接用在動(dòng)詞前面)=助動(dòng)詞+not (變成否定句,前面一定要加助動(dòng)詞)
I don't like her.=I never like her.
3、I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.
在表達(dá)臥床時(shí)bed前不需加冠詞：
It’s time for bed now.
You must stay/remain in bed for another two days. 你必須再臥床兩天。
4、Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy.
just then: 就在那時(shí)
如果不知道對(duì)方性別, 他/她可以用it取代
Who are you?/Who is it ?
5、I've just arrived by train,
by 直接加交通工具(不能有任何修飾詞, 復(fù)數(shù))；如果加修飾詞, 就要換掉by用in或on
I go out by bus.
I go out in/on two buses. （指具體的兩輛車(chē)介詞用in/on）
Long ago people could go to America only by ship/sea.
如果是特指的交通工具，則要加冠詞或其他限定詞：
My aunt left by the 9:15 train.
by air 乘飛機(jī) by bicycle/bike 騎自行車(chē)
by boat 乘船 by bus 乘公共汽車(chē)
by car 乘小汽車(chē) by land 由陸路
by plane 乘飛機(jī) by sea 由海路
by ship 乘船 by train 乘火車(chē)
6、I'm coming to see you. 我將要來(lái)看你.
用 come 的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) be coming 表示一般將來(lái)，表示近期按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。同樣用法的動(dòng)詞有：go，come，leave，arrive，land，meet，die，start，return，join…
7、Dear me!
天哪!英國(guó)人說(shuō)Dear me!或My dear!
美國(guó)人說(shuō) : My god! [^Cd] ([C]發(fā)啊的音)注意美英的發(fā)音不同.
【Key structures】
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話的當(dāng)時(shí)正在發(fā)生或正在發(fā)生的事件,也用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)階段(一段時(shí)間)的動(dòng)向。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常與now，just，still等副詞連用：
I am working as a teacher. "現(xiàn)階段"
He is still sleeping. （現(xiàn)在還在睡覺(jué)）
Jane is just dressing up. 簡(jiǎn)正在打扮。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作, 真理, 是過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在和未來(lái)都會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般與頻率副詞often，always，sometimes，never，frequently，rarely，ever等連用。
Helen never writes to her brother Tony. She sometimes rings him.
頻率副詞往往放在句子中的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前, 非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞后；如果既有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞又有非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞, 要放在兩個(gè)之間；疑問(wèn)句中副詞往往放在主語(yǔ)后面。在否定句中not必須放在always之前，而且也出現(xiàn)在generally、normally、often、regularly和usually之前；not必須出現(xiàn)在sometimes和frequently之后。表示肯定的速記可以用在句尾；在特別強(qiáng)調(diào)和需要對(duì)比時(shí)，frequently、generally、normally、sometimes、usually等副詞可用于句首。
I get paid on Friday usually.
Very often the phone rings when I’m in bath.
非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 :
① 系動(dòng)詞(be)
② 幫助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)的助動(dòng)詞(do, does, will, shall, have, had, has)
③ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(must, can, may) 除此之外都是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞.
I frequently go to bed hungry. （形容詞作狀語(yǔ)）
He went to school hungry.餓著肚子上學(xué).
You must come here hungry.空腹來(lái)這里.
【Special Difficulties】
以what開(kāi)頭的感嘆句：
在英語(yǔ)中可用what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句來(lái)表示驚奇、憤怒、贊賞、喜悅等感情，在感嘆中主謂語(yǔ)采用正常語(yǔ)序。
What 對(duì)名詞感嘆，感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：What +a/an (+adj.)+n.(+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))!
What a good girl (she is)! （主、謂可省）
有上下文和一定的語(yǔ)境, 才能省略形容詞。一般省略形容詞表示批評(píng)或不大好的意思。
What a thing to say! 多么難聽(tīng)的話??！
What (a lot of) trouble( he is causing)!
【Multiple choice questions】
5.He doesn't get up early on Sundays. He gets up ___a___ .
a. late b. lately c. slowly d. hardly
late 晚的
lately =recently 近的, 近來(lái)的.
How are you going lately? 近一段時(shí)間身體還好嗎?
8 He ___a___ out of the window and saw that it was raining.
a. looked b. saw c. remarked d. watched
look 表示看的動(dòng)作，后面一定要加介詞
see 表示看的結(jié)果，后面直接加賓語(yǔ)
watch 表示觀看，后面直接加賓語(yǔ), 但賓語(yǔ)一定是能夠活動(dòng)的東西
look at pictures (對(duì))；watch pictures(錯(cuò))
11 Breakfast is the first ___d___ of the day.
a. food b. dinner c. lunch d. meal
lunch 中餐 food 食物
dinner 正餐
一天中豐盛的那頓飯, 可能是中餐, 也可能是晚餐, 但決不會(huì)是早餐.
meal 一頓飯
【New words and expressions】（5）
until prep. 直到
outside adv. 外面
ring v. （鈴、電話等）響（rang, rung）
aunt n. 姑，姨，嬸，舅母
repeat v. 重復(fù)
★until prep.直到
until用于表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)等的持續(xù)，可譯為“一直到……為止”或“在……以前”。在肯定句中，它與表示持續(xù)性狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞連用，表示持續(xù)到某一時(shí)刻：
I’ll wait here until 5. 我會(huì)在這里等到5點(diǎn)鐘。
His father was alive until he came back. 直到他回來(lái)為止,他爸爸都是活著的.
在否定句中，它通常與描述短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞連用，表示“到……為止”、“直到……才”：
She cannot arrive until 6. 她到6點(diǎn)才能來(lái)。
His father didn't die until he came back. 直到他回來(lái),他爸爸才死.
until（后的從句）的時(shí)間終止之前,這個(gè)動(dòng)作做了還是沒(méi)做？做了前面的主句用肯定；沒(méi)做前面的主句用否定
For he ___A(C)___(wait) until it stopped raining.
A. waited B. didn't wait
A. leave B. left C. didn't leave
I stay in bed until twelve o'clock.
I didn't get up until 12 o'clock.
★outside adv. 外面（作狀語(yǔ)）
He is waiting for me outside.
It is cold outside.
★ring(rang. rung) v.(鈴、電話等)響
① vt. 鳴，(鈴、電話等)響(這種響是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事)
Every morning the clock rings at 6.
The telephone(door bell) is ringing.
而風(fēng)鈴等響要用jingle，jingle (bell) (鈴兒) 響叮當(dāng)
② vt. 打電話給（美語(yǔ)中用call）
ring sb. 給某人打電話
Tomorrow I'll ring you.
③ n. （打）電話
give sb. a ring
Remember to give me a ring. /Remember to ring me.
④ n. 戒指
★aunt n. 姑,姨,嬸,舅媽(所有長(zhǎng)一輩的女性都用這個(gè)稱(chēng)呼)
男性則是uncle: 叔叔
他們的孩子：cousin 堂兄妹(不分男女)
cousin的孩子：nephew 外甥；niece 外甥女
★repeat v. 重復(fù)
① vt. 重復(fù)
Will you repeat the last word?
They are repeating that wonderful paly.
② vi. 重做，重說(shuō)
Please repeat after me.
Don’t repeat.
【Text】
It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 'What a day!' I thought. 'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. 'I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.'
'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said.
'What are you doing?' she asked.
'I'm having breakfast,' I repeated.
'Dear me,' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!'
參考譯文：
那是個(gè)星期天, 而在星期天我是從來(lái)不早起的, 有時(shí)我要一直躺到吃午飯的時(shí)候. 上個(gè)星期天, 我起得很晚. 我望望窗外, 外面一片昏暗. “鬼天氣!” 我想, “又下雨了. “正在這時(shí), 電話鈴響了. 是我姑母露西打來(lái)的. “我剛下火車(chē), “她說(shuō), “我這就來(lái)看你. “
“但我還在吃早飯, “我說(shuō).
“你在干什么?” 她問(wèn)道.
“我正在吃早飯, “我又說(shuō)了一遍.
“天啊, “她說(shuō), “你總是起得這么晚嗎?現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)1點(diǎn)鐘了!”
【課文講解】
1、It was Sunday.
it指時(shí)間、天氣、溫度或距離，it被稱(chēng)為“虛主語(yǔ)”（empty subject）。作為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的中性代詞，it可以指一件東西、一件事件或用來(lái)指是什么人：
It is a lovely baby.
2、I never get up early on Sundays.
on Sundays: 所有的星期天,每逢星期天,與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用，表示經(jīng)常性的行為。
介詞on一般用于表示某一天的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)中：on Monday，on Monday morning，on that day
當(dāng)使用last，next，this，that時(shí)，介詞（以及定冠詞）必須省略：
I’ll see you next/this Friday.
never 從來(lái)不 (可以直接用在動(dòng)詞前面)=助動(dòng)詞+not (變成否定句,前面一定要加助動(dòng)詞)
I don't like her.=I never like her.
3、I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.
在表達(dá)臥床時(shí)bed前不需加冠詞：
It’s time for bed now.
You must stay/remain in bed for another two days. 你必須再臥床兩天。
4、Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy.
just then: 就在那時(shí)
如果不知道對(duì)方性別, 他/她可以用it取代
Who are you?/Who is it ?
5、I've just arrived by train,
by 直接加交通工具(不能有任何修飾詞, 復(fù)數(shù))；如果加修飾詞, 就要換掉by用in或on
I go out by bus.
I go out in/on two buses. （指具體的兩輛車(chē)介詞用in/on）
Long ago people could go to America only by ship/sea.
如果是特指的交通工具，則要加冠詞或其他限定詞：
My aunt left by the 9:15 train.
by air 乘飛機(jī) by bicycle/bike 騎自行車(chē)
by boat 乘船 by bus 乘公共汽車(chē)
by car 乘小汽車(chē) by land 由陸路
by plane 乘飛機(jī) by sea 由海路
by ship 乘船 by train 乘火車(chē)
6、I'm coming to see you. 我將要來(lái)看你.
用 come 的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) be coming 表示一般將來(lái)，表示近期按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。同樣用法的動(dòng)詞有：go，come，leave，arrive，land，meet，die，start，return，join…
7、Dear me!
天哪!英國(guó)人說(shuō)Dear me!或My dear!
美國(guó)人說(shuō) : My god! [^Cd] ([C]發(fā)啊的音)注意美英的發(fā)音不同.
【Key structures】
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話的當(dāng)時(shí)正在發(fā)生或正在發(fā)生的事件,也用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)階段(一段時(shí)間)的動(dòng)向。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常與now，just，still等副詞連用：
I am working as a teacher. "現(xiàn)階段"
He is still sleeping. （現(xiàn)在還在睡覺(jué)）
Jane is just dressing up. 簡(jiǎn)正在打扮。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作, 真理, 是過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在和未來(lái)都會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般與頻率副詞often，always，sometimes，never，frequently，rarely，ever等連用。
Helen never writes to her brother Tony. She sometimes rings him.
頻率副詞往往放在句子中的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前, 非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞后；如果既有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞又有非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞, 要放在兩個(gè)之間；疑問(wèn)句中副詞往往放在主語(yǔ)后面。在否定句中not必須放在always之前，而且也出現(xiàn)在generally、normally、often、regularly和usually之前；not必須出現(xiàn)在sometimes和frequently之后。表示肯定的速記可以用在句尾；在特別強(qiáng)調(diào)和需要對(duì)比時(shí)，frequently、generally、normally、sometimes、usually等副詞可用于句首。
I get paid on Friday usually.
Very often the phone rings when I’m in bath.
非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 :
① 系動(dòng)詞(be)
② 幫助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)的助動(dòng)詞(do, does, will, shall, have, had, has)
③ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(must, can, may) 除此之外都是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞.
I frequently go to bed hungry. （形容詞作狀語(yǔ)）
He went to school hungry.餓著肚子上學(xué).
You must come here hungry.空腹來(lái)這里.
【Special Difficulties】
以what開(kāi)頭的感嘆句：
在英語(yǔ)中可用what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句來(lái)表示驚奇、憤怒、贊賞、喜悅等感情，在感嘆中主謂語(yǔ)采用正常語(yǔ)序。
What 對(duì)名詞感嘆，感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：What +a/an (+adj.)+n.(+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))!
What a good girl (she is)! （主、謂可省）
有上下文和一定的語(yǔ)境, 才能省略形容詞。一般省略形容詞表示批評(píng)或不大好的意思。
What a thing to say! 多么難聽(tīng)的話??！
What (a lot of) trouble( he is causing)!
【Multiple choice questions】
5.He doesn't get up early on Sundays. He gets up ___a___ .
a. late b. lately c. slowly d. hardly
late 晚的
lately =recently 近的, 近來(lái)的.
How are you going lately? 近一段時(shí)間身體還好嗎?
8 He ___a___ out of the window and saw that it was raining.
a. looked b. saw c. remarked d. watched
look
see
watch
look at pictures (對(duì))；watch pictures(錯(cuò))
11 Breakfast is the first ___d___ of the day.
a. food b. dinner c. lunch d. meal
lunch 中餐 food 食物
dinner 正餐
一天中豐盛的那頓飯, 可能是中餐, 也可能是晚餐, 但決不會(huì)是早餐.
meal 一頓飯