Lesson 9 A cold welcome
【New words and expressions】（7）
welcome n. 歡迎；v. 歡迎
crowd n. 人群
gather v. 聚集
hand n. （表或機(jī)器的）指針
shout v. 喊叫
refuse v. 拒絕
laugh v. 笑
★welcome n. 歡迎；v. 歡迎
① n. 歡迎
a cold welcome 冷遇
② v. 歡迎
welcome to+地點(diǎn)
welcome to China；welcome to my home；welcome home；welcome back
③ adj. 受歡迎的
You are welcome.
You are welcome to+地點(diǎn)
★crowd n. 人群
① n. 人群
in the crowd 在人群中
I spotted him in the crowd. 我在人群中一眼就認(rèn)出了他
a crowd of people 一群人，沒(méi)有次序的人群, 擁擠的人群
a group of people 一群人，有次序的人群
② v.擁擠, 擠滿(mǎn)
a large crowd of people 一大群人
crowds of people 許多人, 人山人海
★gather v. 聚集
① vt. 使集攏，集合，召集
He gathered a large crowd of people round him.
② vt 收集，采集，收（莊稼等）
The children are out in the field gathering flowers. 孩子們?cè)谕饷娴乩锊苫ā?BR> It has taken me a lifetime to gather all these books.
收集所有這些書(shū)花了我一輩子的時(shí)間。
③ vi. 集攏，聚集，集合
They gathered under the Town Hall clock.
people gathered 人們聚集在一起, 尤指自發(fā)性的聚集
★hand n. (表或機(jī)器的)指針；手
minute hand；second hand；hour hand
second hand 二手的，舊的，秒針
wait me a moment/wait me a few seconds(for a few secs.) （secs.是seconds的縮寫(xiě)）
★refuse v. 拒絕
① vt. 拒絕（接受、服從等）
She refused the gift.
② vt. 拒不，不肯，不愿
John refused to change his mind. 約翰拒不改變主意。
③ vi. 拒絕，不接受
I offered to pay him for his help, but he refused.
對(duì)于他的幫助我提出給他報(bào)酬，但他拒絕了。
★shout v. 喊叫
call out 大聲喊叫
cry out 大聲哭喊
scream 尖叫
【Text】
On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall. It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock. It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time. Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. The big minute hand did not move. We waited and waited, but nothing happened. Suddenly someone shouted. 'It's two minutes past twelve! The clock has stopped!' I looked at my watch. It was true. The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing.
參考譯文
星期三的晚上, 我們?nèi)チ耸姓d. 那是一年的后一天, 一大群人聚集在市政廳的大鐘下面. 再過(guò)20分鐘, 大鐘將敲響12下. 15分鐘過(guò)去了, 而就在11點(diǎn)55分時(shí), 大鐘停了. 那根巨大的分針不動(dòng)了. 我們等啊等啊, 可情況沒(méi)有變化. 突然有人喊道 : “已經(jīng)12點(diǎn)零2分了!那鐘已經(jīng)停了!” 我看了一下我的手表, 果真如此. 那座大鐘不愿意迎接新年. 此時(shí), 大家已經(jīng)笑了起來(lái), 同時(shí)唱起了歌.
【課文講解】
1、A cold welcome 冷遇
cold adj. 冷的, 寒冷的, 冷淡的
cold fish 冷漠的人
My brother is a cold fish.
lucky dog 幸運(yùn)的人
What does "a cold welcome" refer to ? （refer to 指……）
2、On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall.
morning，afternoon，evening前如果加修飾詞則用介詞on，否則用in
Town Hall 市政廳
3、It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock.
the last day of the year 一年中的后一天
a large crowd of the people 一大群人
4、It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time.
★strike v. 打，擊；敲，彈（鐘，樂(lè)器等）
① v. 打，擊
She struck the man in the face.
② v. 敲，彈（鐘，樂(lè)器等）
strike the clock （人）敲鐘
clock strike 鐘自己響
Listen, the clock is striking.
strike twelve 數(shù)字表示敲擊的次數(shù)
minutes'名詞所有格，用來(lái)表達(dá)時(shí)間
名詞所有格表示時(shí)間或距離
It will leave in five minutes'time.
in twenty(minutes'time)名詞所有格可省略
an hour's time
How far is the school from here?
3 minutes' walk. 三分鐘路程。
5、Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped.
… minutes pass … 幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分（前半小時(shí)，pass過(guò)了）
25 minutes passed eight
… minutes to … 幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分（后半小時(shí)，to還沒(méi)到）
a quarter to nine/15 minutes to nine
時(shí)刻指點(diǎn)時(shí)間, 時(shí)間指段時(shí)間。時(shí)刻前的介詞用at
…(some time) passed and then, sth. happened ……時(shí)間過(guò)去了，……
An hour passed and then, he arrived. 一個(gè)小時(shí)過(guò)去了，他終于來(lái)了。
…minutes later幾分鐘以后
6、We waited and waited, but nothing happened.
waited and waited 等啊等啊, 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的重復(fù)（walked and walked；run and run）
happen vi.事情做主語(yǔ), 事情發(fā)生
What happened?
Nothing happened.
7、It was true.
It was true that+從句 ……是一個(gè)事實(shí)
8、The big clock refused to welcome the New Year.
refuse to do sth. 拒絕去做某事
I refuse to leave. 我拒絕離開(kāi)
I refuse to move. 我拒絕移動(dòng)
9、At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing.
at that moment = just then 就在那時(shí)
at the moment = now 現(xiàn)在, 此刻, 在此時(shí)
【Key structures】
引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的介詞in/on/at/during/till與until
1、用in的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)有：
① 表示一天中的某段時(shí)間：in the morning；in the afternoon；in the evening
② 表示周、月份、年份：in a week；in January；in Feb；in 1992
③ 表示季節(jié)：in summer；in spring；in autumn；in winter
in+表示時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度的短語(yǔ)可以表示“在某段時(shí)間之內(nèi)”，這時(shí)可以與現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)連用，一般與完成某動(dòng)作有關(guān)；還可譯為“……時(shí)間之后”，一般與將來(lái)時(shí)連用。根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)判別in 表示的含義
in twenty minutes' time 20分鐘之后
We will finish class in half an hour.
2、用on的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)有：
① 表示星期：on Monday；on Friday
② 表示日期：on June 1st；on 23rd March（在書(shū)寫(xiě)日期時(shí)沒(méi)有冠詞，但在口語(yǔ)中則分別讀為：on June the first；on the 23rd of March）
③ 表示星期+日期：on Monday, June 1st
④ 表示具體時(shí)間：on Wednesday evening；on fine afternoon；on that day
3、用at的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)有：
① 表示確切的時(shí)間：at five to twelve；at ten o'clock
② 表示用餐時(shí)間：at lunch/dinner time；at teatime
③ 表示其他時(shí)刻：at night；at noon；at midnight；at that time
4、during在……期間，后必須跟一個(gè)名詞，可以指整個(gè)一段時(shí)間，有時(shí)可以用in替代
He has phoned four times during the last half hour.
I met him sometime during the week.（不能用in代替） 我是在這一周的某天遇到他的。
during the holiday 強(qiáng)調(diào)假期的從頭到尾
He enjoyed himself during his holiday.
in the holiday 強(qiáng)調(diào)這段時(shí)間其中某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間, 并不表示自始至終
I was caught in an accident in the holiday.
5、from…till… 指一段明確的時(shí)間：
The tourist season runs from June till October.
6、until prep.&coin. 直到……時(shí)候，直到什么時(shí)候?yàn)橹? 直到什么時(shí)候才
until主句和從句兩個(gè)都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)對(duì)(習(xí)慣的一種用法), 主句和從句任何一個(gè)用過(guò)去完成是也對(duì)
I can't enter for the sports meeting until tomorrow.
I had not understood the problem until he explained it.
We hadn't disturbed him until he finished work.
We didn't disturb him until he had finished work.
We didn't disturb him until he finished work.(更習(xí)慣于這種用法)
7、from…to…
Everyday we have English class from 8:30 to 11:30
關(guān)于時(shí)間表示方法 : What’s the time?/What time is it?
A整點(diǎn) : A o’clock
A點(diǎn)B分（B<30）: A B / B past A
A點(diǎn)15分 : A fifteen / fifteen past A / a quarter past A
A點(diǎn)30分 : A thirty / half past A
A點(diǎn)B分(B>30) : A B / (60-B) to (A+1)
A點(diǎn)45分 : A forty-five / a quarter to (A+1) / fifteen to (A+1)
【Special Difficulties】
Any，Not...Any and No
any 用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中, some用于肯定句(或要求得到肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句)
Do you have any friends?
I don't have any friends.
not 用在非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞后面, 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前面.
not any=no 用在名詞前面，no比not any的語(yǔ)氣要強(qiáng)，但這兩種否定的意義是相同的。
I have no friends.
no可構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞nobody，none，nothing，nowhere；any可構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞anybody，anything和anywhere。
在一個(gè)句子中通常只能有一個(gè)否定詞（包括never，hardly等詞）
【Multiple choice questions】
4 The people ___a___ under the Town Hall clock.
a. were b.was c. is d. be
people:人們, 做主語(yǔ)一定是復(fù)數(shù)
police，cattle是集合名詞，用復(fù)數(shù)
8 How many times did the clock ___d___ ?
a. hit b. beat c. knock d. strike
敲門(mén)用knock；敲鐘用strike
hit（輕）和strike（重hit hard)在一定的時(shí)候可以互換, 一般表示打一下
beat v. 連續(xù)不斷的打
beat drums 敲鼓
12 It refused to welcome the New Year. It ___c___ .
a. denied it b. wanted to c. didn't want to d. wished to
deny v. 否認(rèn), 拒絕去承認(rèn), 后面一般加名詞
deny the fact
I denied that I had stolen the bicycle.
refuse v. 拒絕
refuse to do sth.
I refused to steal the bicycle.
【New words and expressions】（7）
welcome n. 歡迎；v. 歡迎
crowd n. 人群
gather v. 聚集
hand n. （表或機(jī)器的）指針
shout v. 喊叫
refuse v. 拒絕
laugh v. 笑
★welcome n. 歡迎；v. 歡迎
① n. 歡迎
a cold welcome 冷遇
② v. 歡迎
welcome to+地點(diǎn)
welcome to China；welcome to my home；welcome home；welcome back
③ adj. 受歡迎的
You are welcome.
You are welcome to+地點(diǎn)
★crowd n. 人群
① n. 人群
in the crowd 在人群中
I spotted him in the crowd. 我在人群中一眼就認(rèn)出了他
a crowd of people 一群人，沒(méi)有次序的人群, 擁擠的人群
a group of people 一群人，有次序的人群
② v.擁擠, 擠滿(mǎn)
a large crowd of people 一大群人
crowds of people 許多人, 人山人海
★gather v. 聚集
① vt. 使集攏，集合，召集
He gathered a large crowd of people round him.
② vt 收集，采集，收（莊稼等）
The children are out in the field gathering flowers. 孩子們?cè)谕饷娴乩锊苫ā?BR> It has taken me a lifetime to gather all these books.
收集所有這些書(shū)花了我一輩子的時(shí)間。
③ vi. 集攏，聚集，集合
They gathered under the Town Hall clock.
people gathered 人們聚集在一起, 尤指自發(fā)性的聚集
★hand n. (表或機(jī)器的)指針；手
minute hand；second hand；hour hand
second hand 二手的，舊的，秒針
wait me a moment/wait me a few seconds(for a few secs.) （secs.是seconds的縮寫(xiě)）
★refuse v. 拒絕
① vt. 拒絕（接受、服從等）
She refused the gift.
② vt. 拒不，不肯，不愿
John refused to change his mind. 約翰拒不改變主意。
③ vi. 拒絕，不接受
I offered to pay him for his help, but he refused.
對(duì)于他的幫助我提出給他報(bào)酬，但他拒絕了。
★shout v. 喊叫
call out 大聲喊叫
cry out 大聲哭喊
scream 尖叫
【Text】
On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall. It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock. It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time. Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. The big minute hand did not move. We waited and waited, but nothing happened. Suddenly someone shouted. 'It's two minutes past twelve! The clock has stopped!' I looked at my watch. It was true. The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing.
參考譯文
星期三的晚上, 我們?nèi)チ耸姓d. 那是一年的后一天, 一大群人聚集在市政廳的大鐘下面. 再過(guò)20分鐘, 大鐘將敲響12下. 15分鐘過(guò)去了, 而就在11點(diǎn)55分時(shí), 大鐘停了. 那根巨大的分針不動(dòng)了. 我們等啊等啊, 可情況沒(méi)有變化. 突然有人喊道 : “已經(jīng)12點(diǎn)零2分了!那鐘已經(jīng)停了!” 我看了一下我的手表, 果真如此. 那座大鐘不愿意迎接新年. 此時(shí), 大家已經(jīng)笑了起來(lái), 同時(shí)唱起了歌.
【課文講解】
1、A cold welcome 冷遇
cold adj. 冷的, 寒冷的, 冷淡的
cold fish 冷漠的人
My brother is a cold fish.
lucky dog 幸運(yùn)的人
What does "a cold welcome" refer to ? （refer to 指……）
2、On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall.
morning，afternoon，evening前如果加修飾詞則用介詞on，否則用in
Town Hall 市政廳
3、It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock.
the last day of the year 一年中的后一天
a large crowd of the people 一大群人
4、It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time.
★strike v. 打，擊；敲，彈（鐘，樂(lè)器等）
① v. 打，擊
She struck the man in the face.
② v. 敲，彈（鐘，樂(lè)器等）
strike the clock （人）敲鐘
clock strike 鐘自己響
Listen, the clock is striking.
strike twelve 數(shù)字表示敲擊的次數(shù)
minutes'名詞所有格，用來(lái)表達(dá)時(shí)間
名詞所有格表示時(shí)間或距離
It will leave in five minutes'time.
in twenty(minutes'time)名詞所有格可省略
an hour's time
How far is the school from here?
3 minutes' walk. 三分鐘路程。
5、Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped.
… minutes pass … 幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分（前半小時(shí)，pass過(guò)了）
25 minutes passed eight
… minutes to … 幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分（后半小時(shí)，to還沒(méi)到）
a quarter to nine/15 minutes to nine
時(shí)刻指點(diǎn)時(shí)間, 時(shí)間指段時(shí)間。時(shí)刻前的介詞用at
…(some time) passed and then, sth. happened ……時(shí)間過(guò)去了，……
An hour passed and then, he arrived. 一個(gè)小時(shí)過(guò)去了，他終于來(lái)了。
…minutes later幾分鐘以后
6、We waited and waited, but nothing happened.
waited and waited 等啊等啊, 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的重復(fù)（walked and walked；run and run）
happen vi.事情做主語(yǔ), 事情發(fā)生
What happened?
Nothing happened.
7、It was true.
It was true that+從句 ……是一個(gè)事實(shí)
8、The big clock refused to welcome the New Year.
refuse to do sth. 拒絕去做某事
I refuse to leave. 我拒絕離開(kāi)
I refuse to move. 我拒絕移動(dòng)
9、At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing.
at that moment = just then 就在那時(shí)
at the moment = now 現(xiàn)在, 此刻, 在此時(shí)
【Key structures】
引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的介詞in/on/at/during/till與until
1、用in的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)有：
① 表示一天中的某段時(shí)間：in the morning；in the afternoon；in the evening
② 表示周、月份、年份：in a week；in January；in Feb；in 1992
③ 表示季節(jié)：in summer；in spring；in autumn；in winter
in+表示時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度的短語(yǔ)可以表示“在某段時(shí)間之內(nèi)”，這時(shí)可以與現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)連用，一般與完成某動(dòng)作有關(guān)；還可譯為“……時(shí)間之后”，一般與將來(lái)時(shí)連用。根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)判別in 表示的含義
in twenty minutes' time 20分鐘之后
We will finish class in half an hour.
2、用on的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)有：
① 表示星期：on Monday；on Friday
② 表示日期：on June 1st；on 23rd March（在書(shū)寫(xiě)日期時(shí)沒(méi)有冠詞，但在口語(yǔ)中則分別讀為：on June the first；on the 23rd of March）
③ 表示星期+日期：on Monday, June 1st
④ 表示具體時(shí)間：on Wednesday evening；on fine afternoon；on that day
3、用at的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)有：
① 表示確切的時(shí)間：at five to twelve；at ten o'clock
② 表示用餐時(shí)間：at lunch/dinner time；at teatime
③ 表示其他時(shí)刻：at night；at noon；at midnight；at that time
4、during在……期間，后必須跟一個(gè)名詞，可以指整個(gè)一段時(shí)間，有時(shí)可以用in替代
He has phoned four times during the last half hour.
I met him sometime during the week.（不能用in代替） 我是在這一周的某天遇到他的。
during the holiday 強(qiáng)調(diào)假期的從頭到尾
He enjoyed himself during his holiday.
in the holiday 強(qiáng)調(diào)這段時(shí)間其中某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間, 并不表示自始至終
I was caught in an accident in the holiday.
5、from…till… 指一段明確的時(shí)間：
The tourist season runs from June till October.
6、until prep.&coin. 直到……時(shí)候，直到什么時(shí)候?yàn)橹? 直到什么時(shí)候才
until主句和從句兩個(gè)都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)對(duì)(習(xí)慣的一種用法), 主句和從句任何一個(gè)用過(guò)去完成是也對(duì)
I can't enter for the sports meeting until tomorrow.
I had not understood the problem until he explained it.
We hadn't disturbed him until he finished work.
We didn't disturb him until he had finished work.
We didn't disturb him until he finished work.(更習(xí)慣于這種用法)
7、from…to…
Everyday we have English class from 8:30 to 11:30
關(guān)于時(shí)間表示方法 : What’s the time?/What time is it?
A整點(diǎn) : A o’clock
A點(diǎn)B分（B<30）: A B / B past A
A點(diǎn)15分 : A fifteen / fifteen past A / a quarter past A
A點(diǎn)30分 : A thirty / half past A
A點(diǎn)B分(B>30) : A B / (60-B) to (A+1)
A點(diǎn)45分 : A forty-five / a quarter to (A+1) / fifteen to (A+1)
【Special Difficulties】
Any，Not...Any and No
any 用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中, some用于肯定句(或要求得到肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句)
Do you have any friends?
I don't have any friends.
not 用在非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞后面, 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前面.
not any=no 用在名詞前面，no比not any的語(yǔ)氣要強(qiáng)，但這兩種否定的意義是相同的。
I have no friends.
no可構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞nobody，none，nothing，nowhere；any可構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞anybody，anything和anywhere。
在一個(gè)句子中通常只能有一個(gè)否定詞（包括never，hardly等詞）
【Multiple choice questions】
4 The people ___a___ under the Town Hall clock.
a. were b.was c. is d. be
people:人們, 做主語(yǔ)一定是復(fù)數(shù)
police，cattle是集合名詞，用復(fù)數(shù)
8 How many times did the clock ___d___ ?
a. hit b. beat c. knock d. strike
敲門(mén)用knock；敲鐘用strike
hit（輕）和strike（重hit hard)在一定的時(shí)候可以互換, 一般表示打一下
beat v. 連續(xù)不斷的打
beat drums 敲鼓
12 It refused to welcome the New Year. It ___c___ .
a. denied it b. wanted to c. didn't want to d. wished to
deny v. 否認(rèn), 拒絕去承認(rèn), 后面一般加名詞
deny the fact
I denied that I had stolen the bicycle.
refuse v. 拒絕
refuse to do sth.
I refused to steal the bicycle.