Lesson 25 Do the English speak English?
【New words and expressions】（5）
railway n. 鐵路
porter n. 搬運(yùn)工
several quantifier 幾個(gè)
foreigner n. 外國(guó)人
wonder v. 感到奇怪
★railway n. 鐵路
railroad 鐵路（美）
railway/railroad station 火車站
★several quantifier 幾個(gè)
several＝a number of… 一些，只能修飾可數(shù)
several times 許多次（不能說some times）
some 一些, 即可以修飾可數(shù), 又可以修飾不可數(shù)
a great number of… 大量的
some time 一段時(shí)間
some time age 一段時(shí)間以前
sometime adv. 某時(shí)
I will defeat you sometime. (總有一天我將打敗你)
sometimes adv. 有時(shí), 偶爾
★wonder v. 感到奇怪
① n. 奇跡，奇觀，奇才；驚奇，驚訝
Jane is a wonder. She never fails in her examinations.
the seven wonders of the world in ancient times 世界古代七大奇觀
② vi.&vt. 感到驚訝，感到詫異，對(duì)……事情感奇怪
They wondered that there was a modern building in district.
wonder at sth.
I wonder at the beauty of the old town.
③ vt.&vi.（對(duì)……）感到疑惑/懷疑，想要知道
wonder +if +從句 是否……
I wonder if you have any spare time.
wonder +特殊疑問詞 +從句
I wonder what time it is.
I wonder why you are late.
I wondered where you were going.
Could you tell me how to get to?/I wondered how to get there. 問路
no wonder 難怪
wonderful adj. 極好的
【Text】
I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me. I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. 'I am a foreigner,' I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. 'You'll soon learn English!' he said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I don't understand them! Do they speak English?
參考譯文
我終于到了倫敦. 火車站很大, 又黑又暗. 我不知道去飯店的路該怎么走, 于是向一個(gè)搬運(yùn)工打聽. 我的英語(yǔ)講得不但非常認(rèn)真, 而且咬字也非常清楚. 然而搬運(yùn)工卻不明白我的話. 我把問話重復(fù)了很多遍. 他終于聽懂了. 他回答了, 但他講得既不慢也不清楚. “我是個(gè)外國(guó)人, “我說. 于是他說得慢了, 可我還是聽不懂. 我的老師從來不那樣講英語(yǔ)!我和搬運(yùn)工相視一笑. 接著, 他說了點(diǎn)什么, 這回我聽懂了. “您會(huì)很快學(xué)會(huì)英語(yǔ)的!” 他說. 我感到奇怪. 在英國(guó), 人們各自說著一種不同的語(yǔ)言. 英國(guó)人之間相互聽得懂, 可我卻不懂他們的話!他們說的是英語(yǔ)嗎?
【課文講解】
1、Do the English speak English?
English這里均為名詞，第一個(gè)指“英國(guó)人”，前面要加the，表示一個(gè)群體，后面的動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)；第二個(gè)指“英語(yǔ)”，指語(yǔ)言時(shí)前面不加冠詞。
The English often talk about the weather.
English還可以作形容詞，表示“英格蘭的，英國(guó)的，英國(guó)人的”等。
與English相似的單詞有French，Chinese，Japanese等。
2、I arrived in London at last.
arrive vi. 到達(dá)
arrive at 小地點(diǎn)；arrive in 大地點(diǎn)
When will you arrive?
reach vt. 到達(dá)……（后面一定要加賓語(yǔ)）
When will you reach(arrive in) BeiJing?
get to+賓語(yǔ) 到達(dá)……
When will you get to BeiJing?
How can I get there?
home/there都是副詞，副詞跟動(dòng)詞連用的時(shí)候不需要加介詞，arrive也一樣；但一般不用“reach home/there”，如一定要這樣寫則把“home”看作名詞，“there”當(dāng)代詞看, 不作副詞看
get home 到家；get there 到那
3、The railway station was big, black and dark.
并列的表達(dá)方式中前面都是用逗號(hào)隔開, 后兩個(gè)用and連接
balck 顏色(建筑物)
The room is black.
dark 沒有光線
It is dark.
4、I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter.
the way to … 通往……路
Can you tell me the way to…
I don't know the way to…. Can you tell me how to get there?
I don't know the way to the school and where is it?
I know the way.
know sth. well 對(duì)……很熟悉
I know the boy well.
5、I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well.
not only...but...as well= not only…but also… 不但……而且……
I can speak not only Chinese but English as well.
Mary not only found her aunt, but stayed with her for two weeks as well.
Not only you but also I will go there.主語(yǔ)并列(一般不這么用)
not only喜歡放在動(dòng)詞的前面，一般遇到實(shí)義動(dòng)詞和非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候, 習(xí)慣放在兩者之間
I can not only speak Chinese but English as well.(更習(xí)慣的說法)
I not only like my mother but my father as well.
as well本身的含義是“也、又、還”
If you go home tomorrow, I’ll go as well.
He lent me his pen, and his dictionary as well.
6、He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly.
neither…nor… ……既不，也不……
Neither the boss nor his secretary is flying to New York.
7、My teacher never spoke English like that!
like這里是介詞，表示“像，像……一樣”
There’s no one like you. 沒有人像你一樣。
He speaks like a foreigner.
To learn English well is to study hard.
但在口語(yǔ)中 : To learn English well is study hard. (沒to)
【Letter Writing】
寫信人的地址位于信紙的右上角，被稱為“信頭”，地址后面總是接寫日期
St.是 Steet的縮略
逗號(hào)在地址里表示前者屬于后者
I am in class 1,Grade 1.
在日期里, 月和日之間不需要逗號(hào)，且月和日的順序可互換，但在年代之前要有逗號(hào)，日期是以序數(shù)詞出現(xiàn)的，月份一定要是英語(yǔ)字母
February the fourth, 1998 =the fourth of February, 1998
Haidian District,(海淀區(qū))
BeiJing,
China.(后一個(gè)地點(diǎn)要打上句號(hào))
【Key structures】
并列句中的語(yǔ)序
通過并列連詞可以把幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句連接起來構(gòu)成一個(gè)并列句。在并列句中，各分句要根據(jù)上下文的要求按邏輯次序排列，但各分句都同等重要并獨(dú)立存在。
并列連詞可以用來表示另加（and）、對(duì)比（but，yet）、選擇（or）、連續(xù)（and，then）以及結(jié)局或結(jié)果（so）。
however 用在句號(hào)的后面, 單獨(dú)成句, 于前邊的句子只有意思上的承接, 沒有語(yǔ)法上的承接, 語(yǔ)法上的承接表轉(zhuǎn)折只能用 but
一些并列句的連詞：and，and then，but，so，yet，or，not only…but…as well 不但……而且……，neither…nor… 既不……也不……，either…or… 或者……或者……，both…and… 兩者都
yet adv. 然而
放在句末或句中, 與否定句, 疑問句相連, 并且與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用得比較多
Have you finished yet?
yet=but 連詞，放在兩個(gè)句子間, 起轉(zhuǎn)折作用
or adv. 或者, 否則
Hurry up ,you will be late. /Hurry up,or you will be late.
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)由and或both…and連接, 通常采用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.
Both the girl and the boy are his friends.
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)由 neither...nor,either...or,not only...but also 或or 連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與nor,or,but also后面的詞一致，在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中，這被稱之為“就近原則”，離動(dòng)詞近的名詞是單數(shù), 整個(gè)主語(yǔ)就視為單數(shù)；離動(dòng)詞近的名詞是復(fù)數(shù), 整個(gè)主語(yǔ)就視為復(fù)數(shù)
Neither he nor I am going to the airport.
Not only Mary but also her parents have jgone abroad.
【Multiple choice questions】
5 He didn't speak slowly and he didn't speak clearly ___b___ .
a. neither b. either c. too d. nor
not和neither不會(huì)連用，too用于肯定句，either用于跟否定句結(jié)尾
一句話中一般不允許出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)否定句
8 I repeated my question several times. I repeated it ___b___ times.
a. much b. a number of c. only a few d. three
several = some = a number of
much后面不加可數(shù)名詞，沒有only a few這個(gè)短語(yǔ)，quite a few 相當(dāng)多的
9 At last he understood. He understood ___a___ .
a. in the end b. at least c. lastly d. at the finish
at last= in the end 后、終
lastly adj. 新的、近的一段時(shí)間
at least 至少
【語(yǔ)法精粹】
1.They ___B____ the trip until the rain stopped.
A. continued B. didn't continue C. hadn't continued D. would continue
until是前面和后面用一般過去時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)都對(duì)，但是我們?cè)谝话闱闆r下兩個(gè)都用一般過去時(shí)
2.The local peasants gave the solders clothes and food without which they __A___ of hunger and cold. (without 在這里表示條件)
A. would die B. will die C. would be dead D. would have died
虛擬語(yǔ)氣
3.It was not until then that I came to know that the earth __D__around the sun.
A. moved B. has moved C. will move D. moves
It was not until that是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu),首先將“It was…that”去掉，再將“not”移到“that”后面的句子中，分析句子時(shí)后半句改為 :
I didn't come to know that the earth around the sun until then.
（until then 是在那個(gè)時(shí)候之前）
His father did not leave until he returned home.
變成強(qiáng)調(diào)句形式 : It was not until he returned home that his father left.
I don't get up until lunch time.
變成強(qiáng)調(diào)句形式 : It is not until lunch time that I get up.
4. When all those present(到場(chǎng)者)__D__he begin his lecture.
A. sit B. set C. seated D. were seated
seat vt. 做動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候兩種情況① seat sb.；② sb. be seated
sit vi. 坐
sb. sit down
5.If I had had time, I would have written to you. But in fact I___not.
A. have B.would have C. had D. had had
虛擬語(yǔ)氣
【New words and expressions】（5）
railway n. 鐵路
porter n. 搬運(yùn)工
several quantifier 幾個(gè)
foreigner n. 外國(guó)人
wonder v. 感到奇怪
★railway n. 鐵路
railroad 鐵路（美）
railway/railroad station 火車站
★several quantifier 幾個(gè)
several＝a number of… 一些，只能修飾可數(shù)
several times 許多次（不能說some times）
some 一些, 即可以修飾可數(shù), 又可以修飾不可數(shù)
a great number of… 大量的
some time 一段時(shí)間
some time age 一段時(shí)間以前
sometime adv. 某時(shí)
I will defeat you sometime. (總有一天我將打敗你)
sometimes adv. 有時(shí), 偶爾
★wonder v. 感到奇怪
① n. 奇跡，奇觀，奇才；驚奇，驚訝
Jane is a wonder. She never fails in her examinations.
the seven wonders of the world in ancient times 世界古代七大奇觀
② vi.&vt. 感到驚訝，感到詫異，對(duì)……事情感奇怪
They wondered that there was a modern building in district.
wonder at sth.
I wonder at the beauty of the old town.
③ vt.&vi.（對(duì)……）感到疑惑/懷疑，想要知道
wonder +if +從句 是否……
I wonder if you have any spare time.
wonder +特殊疑問詞 +從句
I wonder what time it is.
I wonder why you are late.
I wondered where you were going.
Could you tell me how to get to?/I wondered how to get there. 問路
no wonder 難怪
wonderful adj. 極好的
【Text】
I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me. I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. 'I am a foreigner,' I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. 'You'll soon learn English!' he said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I don't understand them! Do they speak English?
參考譯文
我終于到了倫敦. 火車站很大, 又黑又暗. 我不知道去飯店的路該怎么走, 于是向一個(gè)搬運(yùn)工打聽. 我的英語(yǔ)講得不但非常認(rèn)真, 而且咬字也非常清楚. 然而搬運(yùn)工卻不明白我的話. 我把問話重復(fù)了很多遍. 他終于聽懂了. 他回答了, 但他講得既不慢也不清楚. “我是個(gè)外國(guó)人, “我說. 于是他說得慢了, 可我還是聽不懂. 我的老師從來不那樣講英語(yǔ)!我和搬運(yùn)工相視一笑. 接著, 他說了點(diǎn)什么, 這回我聽懂了. “您會(huì)很快學(xué)會(huì)英語(yǔ)的!” 他說. 我感到奇怪. 在英國(guó), 人們各自說著一種不同的語(yǔ)言. 英國(guó)人之間相互聽得懂, 可我卻不懂他們的話!他們說的是英語(yǔ)嗎?
【課文講解】
1、Do the English speak English?
English這里均為名詞，第一個(gè)指“英國(guó)人”，前面要加the，表示一個(gè)群體，后面的動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)；第二個(gè)指“英語(yǔ)”，指語(yǔ)言時(shí)前面不加冠詞。
The English often talk about the weather.
English還可以作形容詞，表示“英格蘭的，英國(guó)的，英國(guó)人的”等。
與English相似的單詞有French，Chinese，Japanese等。
2、I arrived in London at last.
arrive vi. 到達(dá)
arrive at 小地點(diǎn)；arrive in 大地點(diǎn)
When will you arrive?
reach vt. 到達(dá)……（后面一定要加賓語(yǔ)）
When will you reach(arrive in) BeiJing?
get to+賓語(yǔ) 到達(dá)……
When will you get to BeiJing?
How can I get there?
home/there都是副詞，副詞跟動(dòng)詞連用的時(shí)候不需要加介詞，arrive也一樣；但一般不用“reach home/there”，如一定要這樣寫則把“home”看作名詞，“there”當(dāng)代詞看, 不作副詞看
get home 到家；get there 到那
3、The railway station was big, black and dark.
并列的表達(dá)方式中前面都是用逗號(hào)隔開, 后兩個(gè)用and連接
balck 顏色(建筑物)
The room is black.
dark 沒有光線
It is dark.
4、I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter.
the way to … 通往……路
Can you tell me the way to…
I don't know the way to…. Can you tell me how to get there?
I don't know the way to the school and where is it?
I know the way.
know sth. well 對(duì)……很熟悉
I know the boy well.
5、I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well.
not only...but...as well= not only…but also… 不但……而且……
I can speak not only Chinese but English as well.
Mary not only found her aunt, but stayed with her for two weeks as well.
Not only you but also I will go there.主語(yǔ)并列(一般不這么用)
not only喜歡放在動(dòng)詞的前面，一般遇到實(shí)義動(dòng)詞和非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候, 習(xí)慣放在兩者之間
I can not only speak Chinese but English as well.(更習(xí)慣的說法)
I not only like my mother but my father as well.
as well本身的含義是“也、又、還”
If you go home tomorrow, I’ll go as well.
He lent me his pen, and his dictionary as well.
6、He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly.
neither…nor… ……既不，也不……
Neither the boss nor his secretary is flying to New York.
7、My teacher never spoke English like that!
like這里是介詞，表示“像，像……一樣”
There’s no one like you. 沒有人像你一樣。
He speaks like a foreigner.
To learn English well is to study hard.
但在口語(yǔ)中 : To learn English well is study hard. (沒to)
【Letter Writing】
寫信人的地址位于信紙的右上角，被稱為“信頭”，地址后面總是接寫日期
St.是 Steet的縮略
逗號(hào)在地址里表示前者屬于后者
I am in class 1,Grade 1.
在日期里, 月和日之間不需要逗號(hào)，且月和日的順序可互換，但在年代之前要有逗號(hào)，日期是以序數(shù)詞出現(xiàn)的，月份一定要是英語(yǔ)字母
February the fourth, 1998 =the fourth of February, 1998
Haidian District,(海淀區(qū))
BeiJing,
China.(后一個(gè)地點(diǎn)要打上句號(hào))
【Key structures】
并列句中的語(yǔ)序
通過并列連詞可以把幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句連接起來構(gòu)成一個(gè)并列句。在并列句中，各分句要根據(jù)上下文的要求按邏輯次序排列，但各分句都同等重要并獨(dú)立存在。
并列連詞可以用來表示另加（and）、對(duì)比（but，yet）、選擇（or）、連續(xù)（and，then）以及結(jié)局或結(jié)果（so）。
however 用在句號(hào)的后面, 單獨(dú)成句, 于前邊的句子只有意思上的承接, 沒有語(yǔ)法上的承接, 語(yǔ)法上的承接表轉(zhuǎn)折只能用 but
一些并列句的連詞：and，and then，but，so，yet，or，not only…but…as well 不但……而且……，neither…nor… 既不……也不……，either…or… 或者……或者……，both…and… 兩者都
yet adv. 然而
放在句末或句中, 與否定句, 疑問句相連, 并且與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用得比較多
Have you finished yet?
yet=but 連詞，放在兩個(gè)句子間, 起轉(zhuǎn)折作用
or adv. 或者, 否則
Hurry up ,you will be late. /Hurry up,or you will be late.
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)由and或both…and連接, 通常采用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.
Both the girl and the boy are his friends.
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)由 neither...nor,either...or,not only...but also 或or 連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與nor,or,but also后面的詞一致，在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中，這被稱之為“就近原則”，離動(dòng)詞近的名詞是單數(shù), 整個(gè)主語(yǔ)就視為單數(shù)；離動(dòng)詞近的名詞是復(fù)數(shù), 整個(gè)主語(yǔ)就視為復(fù)數(shù)
Neither he nor I am going to the airport.
Not only Mary but also her parents have jgone abroad.
【Multiple choice questions】
5 He didn't speak slowly and he didn't speak clearly ___b___ .
a. neither b. either c. too d. nor
not和neither不會(huì)連用，too用于肯定句，either用于跟否定句結(jié)尾
一句話中一般不允許出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)否定句
8 I repeated my question several times. I repeated it ___b___ times.
a. much b. a number of c. only a few d. three
several = some = a number of
much后面不加可數(shù)名詞，沒有only a few這個(gè)短語(yǔ)，quite a few 相當(dāng)多的
9 At last he understood. He understood ___a___ .
a. in the end b. at least c. lastly d. at the finish
at last= in the end 后、終
lastly adj. 新的、近的一段時(shí)間
at least 至少
【語(yǔ)法精粹】
1.They ___B____ the trip until the rain stopped.
A. continued B. didn't continue C. hadn't continued D. would continue
until是前面和后面用一般過去時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)都對(duì)，但是我們?cè)谝话闱闆r下兩個(gè)都用一般過去時(shí)
2.The local peasants gave the solders clothes and food without which they __A___ of hunger and cold. (without 在這里表示條件)
A. would die B. will die C. would be dead D. would have died
虛擬語(yǔ)氣
3.It was not until then that I came to know that the earth __D__around the sun.
A. moved B. has moved C. will move D. moves
It was not until that是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu),首先將“It was…that”去掉，再將“not”移到“that”后面的句子中，分析句子時(shí)后半句改為 :
I didn't come to know that the earth around the sun until then.
（until then 是在那個(gè)時(shí)候之前）
His father did not leave until he returned home.
變成強(qiáng)調(diào)句形式 : It was not until he returned home that his father left.
I don't get up until lunch time.
變成強(qiáng)調(diào)句形式 : It is not until lunch time that I get up.
4. When all those present(到場(chǎng)者)__D__he begin his lecture.
A. sit B. set C. seated D. were seated
seat vt. 做動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候兩種情況① seat sb.；② sb. be seated
sit vi. 坐
sb. sit down
5.If I had had time, I would have written to you. But in fact I___not.
A. have B.would have C. had D. had had
虛擬語(yǔ)氣