Lesson 35 Stop thief!
【New words and expressions】
while n. 一段時間
regret v. 后悔
far adv. 非常
rush v. 沖
act v. 行動
straight adv. 徑直
fright n. 害怕
battered adj. 撞壞的
shortly adv. 很快，不久
afterwards adv. 以后
★while n. 一段時間
while = some time 一小會兒
wait for a while 等一會兒
after a while 隔了一會兒
★regret v. 后悔
① regret sth. 后悔……
You will regret it. 你會后悔的, 你一定會后悔的
② regret to do sth. 很遺憾要去做……
I regret to tell you a bad news. 我很遺憾要告訴你一個壞消息 (還沒說)
③ regret doing sth. 很遺憾已經(jīng)做了……
I regret telling him the news. 我真后悔告訴他這個消息
I regret to steal your money.
④ regret that +從句 遺憾……
遺憾：pity、sorry、regret
It's a pity
I am sorry to…
★far adv. 非常
far＝much, 修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級, 注意most 是修飾形容詞或副詞的, 而不是比較級
比較級前可以加修飾詞，表示程度，多一點點用a little，多很多用much
★rush v. 沖
① vi. 沖，奔
rush vi. (用腿)沖
While I was talking to Frank, a man rushed into the room.
run v. 跑(速度很快)
② vt.&vi. 倉促行事，倉促完成；趕緊做
Roy rushed (through) his lunch and left for the staion.
Tom always rushes his homework on Sunday evenings.
③ n. 猛沖，奔
Roy made a rush at the thieves.
★act v. 行動
Act! (口語) 行動!
take action to do sth. 采取行動
★straight adv. 徑直
① adj. 直的，筆直的
He drew a straight line on the paper.
This road isn’t straight.
② adv. 筆直地
go straight on 徑直往前走
You’ll see a tower straight ahead. 你會看到正前方有個塔。
③ adv. 徑直地，直接地
John always goes straight home after work.
Roy drove the bus straight at the thieves.
★fright n. 害怕
get a fright 得到驚嚇的感覺（類似get a surprise）
You give me a fright. 你嚇了我一跳
give sb. sth. 給人帶來感覺
give me a pleasure/an excitement/a fright
frighten [5fraitn] vt. 使驚嚇；vi. 驚恐
You frighten me.
This doesn't worry me.
frightening adj. 令人感到可怕的； frightened adj. 自己感到可怕的
一個動詞能夠加ing/ed, 證明這個動詞跟人的情感有關(guān), 他的賓語就會是人
frightful＝terrible adj. 可怕
Your handwriting is frightful. 你的字真糟糕
Cold is frightful. 寒冷是可怕的
★battered adj. 撞壞的
battered (lose one's shape) 被撞變形的
battered bag 破舊不堪的包（battered與軟的東西連用時，表示用舊了，破舊不堪的）
batter [bAtE] n. 擊球手；v. 打壞, 猛擊
damaged adj. 被刮壞的
destroyed car車子被損害不能修 ； damaged car 車子壞了，但能修 ；battered car 車變形
★afterwards adv. 以后
shortly afterwards ＝soon 不久以后
shortly＝soon； afterwards＝later 后來, 以后
【Text】
Rov Trenton used to drive a taxi. A short while ago, however, he became a bus driver and he was not regretted it. He is finding his new work far more exciting. When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car. One of them was carrying a bag full of money. Roy acted quickly and drove the bus straight at the thieves. The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag. As the thieves were trying to get away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police. The thieves' car was badly damaged and easy to recognize. Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and both men were arrested.
參考譯文
羅伊·特雷頓原是開出租汽車的, 然而就在前不久, 他開上了公共汽車, 也并不為此而感到后悔. 他發(fā)覺自己的新工作令人興奮得多. 近, 當他正開車在凱特福德街上行駛時, 看到有兩個小偷從一家商店里沖出來, 奔向等在那里的一輛汽車, 其中一個提著一只裝滿鈔票的提包. 羅伊行動迅速, 開車直沖竊賊而去. 拿錢的那個小偷嚇得把提包都扔了. 當那兩個小偷企圖乘車逃跑時, 羅伊駕駛他的公共汽車撞在了那輛車的后尾上. 當那輛被撞壞的車開走后, 羅伊停下車, 給警察掛了電話. 小偷的車損壞嚴重, 很容易辨認. 沒過多久, 警察就截住了那輛車, 兩個小偷都被抓住了.
【課文講解】
1、A short while ago, however, he became a bus driver and he was not regretted it.
a short while ago＝a short time ago 不久以前
while作名詞表示“一會兒，（一段）時間”時常與a連用，有時也與the，this等連用：
They haven’t seen each other for a long while.
Have you been in Australia all this while?
I saw her a short while ago.
however可以放句首, 可以放句中；如果一個詞兩邊有逗號，證明這個詞是插入語
2、He is finding his new work far more exciting.
find 可以用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài), 可以用進行時態(tài)
He is finding his trip very exciting.
far more exciting 更有趣（在形容詞和副詞的比較級與高級前面，可以用far（相當much）來表示強調(diào)，譯為“很，大大的”）
It’s far/much colder today than it was yesterday.
This is (by) far the most expensive bicycle in the shop.
3、When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car.
see和一些感知動詞（如smell, feel, hear, watch, notice等）可以用在動詞+名詞/代詞賓語+不帶to的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)（省略to）中，如果全過程用do，過程中的一瞬間用doing：
see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事(強調(diào)全過程)
I see them dance. (看了全過程)
see sb. doing sth. 看見某人正在做某事
I see them dancing . (只看了一部分)
hear sb doing sth.，hear sb. do sth. 4、The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag.
with 一旦出現(xiàn)在名詞或代詞后就做定語, 出現(xiàn)在動詞之后做狀語
He came in with a book. (作狀語)
The boy with a book came in. (作定語)
get a fright 嚇了一跳
so+形容詞(副詞)+that…/such+(修飾詞或形容詞)+名詞+that… 如此……以致……
一旦有名詞, 就認為形容詞修飾的是名詞, 前面的詞也修飾的是名詞
drop vt. 由于抓什么沒抓住不小心掉下去 （sb. drop sth.）
I drop the chalk.
fall vi. 從上往下落 （sth. fall）
drop the money / the money fall
The chalk is falling.
5、As the thieves were trying to get away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. as = when 當……時候
get away ＝ run away 逃跑
How did the thief get away?
by car /in the car 開車
drive into… 撞上……
6、While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police.
stopped his car，the car stopped（與當時說話時的視覺概念有關(guān)，一個是人為停，一個是自己停下來） 7、The thieves' car was badly damaged and easy to recognize.
…and easy to recognize = and the car was easy to recognize (用主動表被動含義)
如果一個不定式的前面是一個形容詞, 如果主句的結(jié)局是“系表結(jié)構(gòu)+to”，不定式當中常用主動表被動, 在不定式的表達方式當中, 動詞的賓語如果剛好是這句話的主語, 這個賓語一定不能出現(xiàn)
The apple is sweet enough to eat.
The apple is too sour to eat. (sour [5saJE(r)] adj. 酸的)
The question is easy enough to answer.
The boy is enough clever to answer the question.
這個小孩足夠聰明以至于能回答這個問題。 （the question不是主語故一定要出現(xiàn)）
文中 “…easy to recognize(car)” 因car是主語, 所以不能出現(xiàn)
在不定式當中, 也許有可能用主動表達被動含義, 及物動詞后面一般加賓語(這個賓語就是這句話的主語就不加), 又如：The clothes are too comfortable to ware.
8、Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and both men were arrested.
shortly afterwards 沒過多久
both men ＝ two persons
stop the car 攔住車子（the driver stop the car；其他人stopped the car）
stop thief 捉賊
【Special difficulties】
So and Such
such和so都可以用于表示程度，但so只能作副詞和連詞，such則是形容詞，因此so通常位于形容詞、副詞之前，而such只能位于名詞之前：
I’ve never read so interesting a book.
I’ve never read such an interesting book.
引導結(jié)果狀語從句時，它們的結(jié)構(gòu)分別是：
so +形容詞(副詞) +that…/ such +(a, an修飾詞或形容詞)+名詞+that… 如此……以至于……
一旦有名詞, 就認為形容詞修飾的是名詞, 前面的詞也修飾的是名詞，如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)才要加a和an, 反過來如果是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù), 前面一定要加a或an
It was so cold that no one went out.
such除了表示“這樣的，如此的”等意思外，還可以表示“像這一類的”，so不能表示這種意思。
He often talks about such things.
You should not speak to such people.
如果形容詞是表示數(shù)量的(many, much, little, few), 一律用so
There is so little time left that we must hurry.
There is such a little(小) bird that I can't see it.
(little不會和可數(shù)名詞連用，如連用不會譯成“數(shù)量少”，而應譯為“小”)
He is so lazy a boy./ He is such a lazy boy.
如果有幾個以上的形容詞共同修飾一個名詞的時候, 冠詞放在第一位, 這句話中冠詞不放在第一位, 說明 “a” 與 “boy” 有關(guān)系, “l(fā)azy” 從意思上與 “boy” 有關(guān)系, 但從強調(diào)點上與 “boy” 沒關(guān)系, 它的強調(diào)點在 “l(fā)azy” 上
【Multiple choice questions】
1 Roy Trenton ___a___.
a. prefers driving a bus to driving a taxi
b. prefers driving a taxi to driving a bus
c. is sorry he isn't a taxi driver d. is glad he didn't change his job
prefer…to… 更喜歡這個東西(和后面的東西比), 寧可也不
I prefer tea to water.
prefer+名詞+to+名詞(如為動詞則+ing)
I prefer drinking tea to drinking water.
prefer to(不定式的標志)+動詞原形…rather than… 比起……更喜歡……
He prefers to drive bus rather than drive a taxi.
I prefer to have an apple rather than have an orange.
3 Roy Trenton used to drive a taxi. This means he ___a___ a taxi.
a. has stopped driving b. is used to driving
c. got used to driving d. still drives
used to do 過去常常做現(xiàn)在不做了（to為介詞）
The boy used to swim in the river. 那男孩過去在河里游泳
be used to doing sth. = get used to doing sth. 習慣于……
I am(not) used to getting up early. 我習慣起早
The boy is used to swimming in the river. 那男孩習慣在河里游泳
be used to do sth. 被用來
The knife is used to cut the paper. 刀被用來切紙
4 He noticed two thieves ___d___ out of a shop.
a. to come b. are coming c. in coming d. come
see sb. doing sth. 看見某人正在做某事； see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事
notice sb. doing sth. ； notice sb. do sth.
watch sb. doing sth. ； watch sb. do sth.
b. are coming沒有主從一致, 應為was coming 就對
7 The car was easy to recognize, so it wasn't ___d___ difficult for the police to catch the thieves.
a. much b. very c. many d. too
too…to… 太……以至于不能……
enough…to… 足以用來做某事
many 應加+名詞 ； much, very 一般不會與 to 連用
8 He hasn't regretted it. He ___a___ it.
a. isn't sorry about b. doesn't pity
c. isn't pleased with d. doesn't laugh about
be sorry about sth. 為……感到遺憾(抱歉)
be pleasued with sth. 對……感到滿意
laugh at 嘲笑； laugh about sth. 為……原因而笑
b. pity 不對是由于詞性不對，pity是形容詞
11 The thief dropped the bag. He ___d___.
a. let it b. left it c. fell it d. let it fall
let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事（聽之任之）
My father lets me play football. (聽之任之, 隨他去)
make sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事（有強迫的意思）
My father makes me play football. (強迫)
【New words and expressions】
while n. 一段時間
regret v. 后悔
far adv. 非常
rush v. 沖
act v. 行動
straight adv. 徑直
fright n. 害怕
battered adj. 撞壞的
shortly adv. 很快，不久
afterwards adv. 以后
★while n. 一段時間
while = some time 一小會兒
wait for a while 等一會兒
after a while 隔了一會兒
★regret v. 后悔
① regret sth. 后悔……
You will regret it. 你會后悔的, 你一定會后悔的
② regret to do sth. 很遺憾要去做……
I regret to tell you a bad news. 我很遺憾要告訴你一個壞消息 (還沒說)
③ regret doing sth. 很遺憾已經(jīng)做了……
I regret telling him the news. 我真后悔告訴他這個消息
I regret to steal your money.
④ regret that +從句 遺憾……
遺憾：pity
It's a pity
I am sorry to…
★far adv. 非常
far＝much, 修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級, 注意most 是修飾形容詞或副詞的, 而不是比較級
比較級前可以加修飾詞，表示程度，多一點點用a little，多很多用much
★rush v. 沖
① vi. 沖，奔
rush vi. (用腿)沖
While I was talking to Frank, a man rushed into the room.
run v. 跑(速度很快)
② vt.&vi. 倉促行事，倉促完成；趕緊做
Roy rushed (through) his lunch and left for the staion.
Tom always rushes his homework on Sunday evenings.
③ n. 猛沖，奔
Roy made a rush at the thieves.
★act v. 行動
Act! (口語) 行動!
take action to do sth. 采取行動
★straight adv. 徑直
① adj. 直的，筆直的
He drew a straight line on the paper.
This road isn’t straight.
② adv. 筆直地
go straight on 徑直往前走
You’ll see a tower straight ahead. 你會看到正前方有個塔。
③ adv. 徑直地，直接地
John always goes straight home after work.
Roy drove the bus straight at the thieves.
★fright n. 害怕
get a fright 得到驚嚇的感覺（類似get a surprise）
You give me a fright. 你嚇了我一跳
give sb. sth. 給人帶來感覺
give me a pleasure/an excitement/a fright
frighten [5fraitn] vt. 使驚嚇；vi. 驚恐
You frighten me.
This doesn't worry me.
frightening adj. 令人感到可怕的； frightened adj. 自己感到可怕的
一個動詞能夠加ing/ed, 證明這個動詞跟人的情感有關(guān), 他的賓語就會是人
frightful＝terrible adj. 可怕
Your handwriting is frightful. 你的字真糟糕
Cold is frightful. 寒冷是可怕的
★battered adj. 撞壞的
battered (lose one's shape) 被撞變形的
battered bag 破舊不堪的包（battered與軟的東西連用時，表示用舊了，破舊不堪的）
batter [bAtE] n. 擊球手；v. 打壞, 猛擊
damaged adj. 被刮壞的
destroyed car車子被損害不能修 ； damaged car 車子壞了，但能修 ；battered car 車變形
★afterwards adv. 以后
shortly afterwards ＝soon 不久以后
shortly＝soon； afterwards＝later 后來, 以后
【Text】
Rov Trenton used to drive a taxi. A short while ago, however, he became a bus driver and he was not regretted it. He is finding his new work far more exciting. When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car. One of them was carrying a bag full of money. Roy acted quickly and drove the bus straight at the thieves. The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag. As the thieves were trying to get away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police. The thieves' car was badly damaged and easy to recognize. Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and both men were arrested.
參考譯文
羅伊·特雷頓原是開出租汽車的, 然而就在前不久, 他開上了公共汽車, 也并不為此而感到后悔. 他發(fā)覺自己的新工作令人興奮得多. 近, 當他正開車在凱特福德街上行駛時, 看到有兩個小偷從一家商店里沖出來, 奔向等在那里的一輛汽車, 其中一個提著一只裝滿鈔票的提包. 羅伊行動迅速, 開車直沖竊賊而去. 拿錢的那個小偷嚇得把提包都扔了. 當那兩個小偷企圖乘車逃跑時, 羅伊駕駛他的公共汽車撞在了那輛車的后尾上. 當那輛被撞壞的車開走后, 羅伊停下車, 給警察掛了電話. 小偷的車損壞嚴重, 很容易辨認. 沒過多久, 警察就截住了那輛車, 兩個小偷都被抓住了.
【課文講解】
1、A short while ago, however, he became a bus driver and he was not regretted it.
a short while ago＝a short time ago 不久以前
while作名詞表示“一會兒，（一段）時間”時常與a連用，有時也與the，this等連用：
They haven’t seen each other for a long while.
Have you been in Australia all this while?
I saw her a short while ago.
however可以放句首, 可以放句中；如果一個詞兩邊有逗號，證明這個詞是插入語
2、He is finding his new work far more exciting.
find 可以用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài), 可以用進行時態(tài)
He is finding his trip very exciting.
far more exciting 更有趣（在形容詞和副詞的比較級與高級前面，可以用far（相當much）來表示強調(diào)，譯為“很，大大的”）
It’s far/much colder today than it was yesterday.
This is (by) far the most expensive bicycle in the shop.
3、When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car.
see和一些感知動詞（如smell, feel, hear, watch, notice等）可以用在動詞+名詞/代詞賓語+不帶to的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)（省略to）中，如果全過程用do，過程中的一瞬間用doing：
see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事(強調(diào)全過程)
I see them dance. (看了全過程)
see sb. doing sth. 看見某人正在做某事
I see them dancing . (只看了一部分)
hear sb doing sth.，hear sb. do sth. 4、The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag.
with 一旦出現(xiàn)在名詞或代詞后就做定語, 出現(xiàn)在動詞之后做狀語
He came in with a book. (作狀語)
The boy with a book came in. (作定語)
get a fright 嚇了一跳
so+形容詞(副詞)+that…/such+(修飾詞或形容詞)+名詞+that… 如此……以致……
一旦有名詞, 就認為形容詞修飾的是名詞, 前面的詞也修飾的是名詞
drop vt. 由于抓什么沒抓住不小心掉下去 （sb. drop sth.）
I drop the chalk.
fall vi. 從上往下落 （sth. fall）
drop the money / the money fall
The chalk is falling.
5、As the thieves were trying to get away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. as = when 當……時候
get away ＝ run away 逃跑
How did the thief get away?
by car /in the car 開車
drive into… 撞上……
6、While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police.
stopped his car，the car stopped（與當時說話時的視覺概念有關(guān)，一個是人為停，一個是自己停下來） 7、The thieves' car was badly damaged and easy to recognize.
…and easy to recognize = and the car was easy to recognize (用主動表被動含義)
如果一個不定式的前面是一個形容詞, 如果主句的結(jié)局是“系表結(jié)構(gòu)+to”，不定式當中常用主動表被動, 在不定式的表達方式當中, 動詞的賓語如果剛好是這句話的主語, 這個賓語一定不能出現(xiàn)
The apple is sweet enough to eat.
The apple is too sour to eat. (sour [5saJE(r)] adj. 酸的)
The question is easy enough to answer.
The boy is enough clever to answer the question.
這個小孩足夠聰明以至于能回答這個問題。 （the question不是主語故一定要出現(xiàn)）
文中 “…easy to recognize(car)” 因car是主語, 所以不能出現(xiàn)
在不定式當中, 也許有可能用主動表達被動含義, 及物動詞后面一般加賓語(這個賓語就是這句話的主語就不加), 又如：The clothes are too comfortable to ware.
8、Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and both men were arrested.
shortly afterwards 沒過多久
both men ＝ two persons
stop the car 攔住車子（the driver stop the car；其他人stopped the car）
stop thief 捉賊
【Special difficulties】
So and Such
such和so都可以用于表示程度，但so只能作副詞和連詞，such則是形容詞，因此so通常位于形容詞、副詞之前，而such只能位于名詞之前：
I’ve never read so interesting a book.
I’ve never read such an interesting book.
引導結(jié)果狀語從句時，它們的結(jié)構(gòu)分別是：
so +形容詞(副詞) +that…/ such +(a, an修飾詞或形容詞)+名詞+that… 如此……以至于……
一旦有名詞, 就認為形容詞修飾的是名詞, 前面的詞也修飾的是名詞，如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)才要加a和an, 反過來如果是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù), 前面一定要加a或an
It was so cold that no one went out.
such除了表示“這樣的，如此的”等意思外，還可以表示“像這一類的”，so不能表示這種意思。
He often talks about such things.
You should not speak to such people.
如果形容詞是表示數(shù)量的(many, much, little, few), 一律用so
There is so little time left that we must hurry.
There is such a little(小) bird that I can't see it.
(little不會和可數(shù)名詞連用，如連用不會譯成“數(shù)量少”，而應譯為“小”)
He is so lazy a boy./ He is such a lazy boy.
如果有幾個以上的形容詞共同修飾一個名詞的時候, 冠詞放在第一位, 這句話中冠詞不放在第一位, 說明 “a” 與 “boy” 有關(guān)系, “l(fā)azy” 從意思上與 “boy” 有關(guān)系, 但從強調(diào)點上與 “boy” 沒關(guān)系, 它的強調(diào)點在 “l(fā)azy” 上
【Multiple choice questions】
1 Roy Trenton ___a___.
a. prefers driving a bus to driving a taxi
b. prefers driving a taxi to driving a bus
c. is sorry he isn't a taxi driver d. is glad he didn't change his job
prefer…to… 更喜歡這個東西(和后面的東西比), 寧可也不
I prefer tea to water.
prefer+名詞+to
I prefer drinking tea to drinking water.
prefer to(不定式的標志)+動詞原形…rather than… 比起……更喜歡……
He prefers to drive bus rather than drive a taxi.
I prefer to have an apple rather than have an orange.
3 Roy Trenton used to drive a taxi. This means he ___a___ a taxi.
a. has stopped driving b. is used to driving
c. got used to driving d. still drives
used to do 過去常常做現(xiàn)在不做了（to為介詞）
The boy used to swim in the river. 那男孩過去在河里游泳
be used to doing sth. = get used to doing sth. 習慣于……
I am(not) used to getting up early. 我習慣起早
The boy is used to swimming in the river. 那男孩習慣在河里游泳
be used to do sth. 被用來
The knife is used to cut the paper. 刀被用來切紙
4 He noticed two thieves ___d___ out of a shop.
a. to come b. are coming c. in coming d. come
see sb. doing sth. 看見某人正在做某事； see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事
notice sb. doing sth. ； notice sb. do sth.
watch sb. doing sth. ； watch sb. do sth.
b. are coming沒有主從一致, 應為was coming 就對
7 The car was easy to recognize, so it wasn't ___d___ difficult for the police to catch the thieves.
a. much b. very c. many d. too
too…to… 太……以至于不能……
enough…to… 足以用來做某事
many 應加+名詞 ； much, very 一般不會與 to 連用
8 He hasn't regretted it. He ___a___ it.
a. isn't sorry about b. doesn't pity
c. isn't pleased with d. doesn't laugh about
be sorry about sth. 為……感到遺憾(抱歉)
be pleasued with sth. 對……感到滿意
laugh at 嘲笑； laugh about sth. 為……原因而笑
b. pity 不對是由于詞性不對，pity是形容詞
11 The thief dropped the bag. He ___d___.
a. let it b. left it c. fell it d. let it fall
let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事（聽之任之）
My father lets me play football. (聽之任之, 隨他去)
make sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事（有強迫的意思）
My father makes me play football. (強迫)