Lesson 57 Can I help you,madam?
【New words and expressions】（8）
madam n. （對(duì)婦女的尊稱）太太，夫人
jeans n. 牛仔褲
hesitate v. 猶豫，遲緩
serve v. 接待（顧客）
scornfully adv. 輕蔑地
punish v. 懲罰
fur n. 裘皮
eager adj. 熱切的，熱情的
★madam n. (對(duì)婦女的尊稱)太太; 夫人
ma’am [mAm, mB:m, mEm] n. <口>夫人, 太太, 女士, 小姐 = madam
★jeans n. 牛仔褲
trousers [5traJzEz] n.褲子, 長(zhǎng)褲
pants [pAnts] n.褲子, 短褲
★hesitate v. 猶豫, 遲疑
hesitate to do sth. 猶豫做……
make up one's mind 下決心做……
hesitation [7hezi5teiFEn] n. 猶豫, 躊躇
without hesitation 毫不猶豫
Without hesitation he refused my request.
★serve v. 接待(顧客)
① vt.&vi. 幫傭，當(dāng)仆人，給……干活
serve sb. 為某人而服務(wù)
Mary served (in) the family as a cook for more than ten years.
②vt.&vi. 服務(wù)；服役；供職
She served the firm as a secretary for two years.
Have you ever served in the army?
③ vt.&vi. 接待（顧客）
The assistant was eager to serve her this time.
Tom served in a restaurant when he was 18.
service [5sE:vis] n. 服務(wù), 服務(wù)性工作, 服役, 儀式；vt. 保養(yǎng), 維修
adj.(軍隊(duì))服現(xiàn)役的, 服務(wù)性的, 仆人的, 耐用的
At your service. 樂于為您效勞。
★scornfully adv. 輕蔑地
look down upon/on 看不起，瞧不起……
He looks down on me.
★punish v. 懲罰
punishment n. 懲罰
capital punishment 極刑
★fur n. 裘皮
mink n. 貂皮
★eager adj. 熱切的, 熱情的
be eager to do sth. 急于做某事
【Text】
A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop. Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window. The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed. Glancing at her scornfully, he told her that the dress was sold. The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day. She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other. After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress. Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.
參考譯文
一位穿著牛仔褲的婦女站在一家高檔商店的櫥窗前. 她雖然猶豫了片刻, 但終于還是走進(jìn)了商店, 要求把陳列在櫥窗里的一件衣服拿給她看. 接待她的售貨員不喜歡她的那副打扮, 輕蔑地看了她一眼后, 便告訴她那件衣服已經(jīng)賣出去了. 這位婦女怒氣沖沖地走出了商店, 決定第二天教訓(xùn)一下那個(gè)售貨員. 第二天上午, 她又來到這家商店, 穿了一件裘皮大衣, 一只手拎著一只手提包, 另一只手拿著一把長(zhǎng)柄傘. 找到那個(gè)無禮的售貨員后, 她還要看昨天的那件衣服. 那個(gè)售貨員沒有認(rèn)出她是誰, 這一回接待她的態(tài)度非常殷勤. 費(fèi)了好大勁幾, 他爬進(jìn)櫥窗去取那件衣服. 這位婦女對(duì)那件衣服只看一眼, 就說不喜歡. 她開心地迫使那位售貨員把櫥窗里幾乎所有的東西都拿了出來, 后才買下了她先要看的那一件. 【課文講解】
1、A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop.
do window shopping (表示在櫥窗外面購(gòu)物)
a woman in jeans 一個(gè)穿牛仔褲的婦女
2、Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window.
for a moment不一定要與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用, 也可以是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 只要這個(gè)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞就可以 ask to do sth. 請(qǐng)求做某事
3、The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.
dress sb. 給某人穿衣服
Mother is dressing her baby.
I dress myself. 自己給自己穿衣服（反身代詞是不能做主語的,故 I am dressed.）
dress表示“穿著，打扮”時(shí)常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)
be dressed in
She is dressed in jeans.
Why is your aunt dressed in black?
the way 可以直接加定語從句, 不需要引導(dǎo)詞
I don’t like the way she eats. 我不喜歡她吃飯的樣子
The way she eats annoyed me. 她吃飯的樣子讓我煩
I cooked in the way you taught me.
4、She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other.
with sth. in hand 手上拿著
He went to the theatre with a book in one hand. 他手上拿著一本書去了電*
She went to her monther’s carring her baby with a chicken in one hand and a duck in the other. (go to one’s monther’s 回娘家)
5、After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress.
seek out 找出, 找到
He sought out the thief in the crowd.
Seek him out quickly. I want to speak to him.
6、Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time.
現(xiàn)在分詞短語代替一個(gè)分句位于句首時(shí)，其否定形式是在它前面加上not，without或never等否定詞。這些詞有時(shí)可互換，有時(shí)則不可：
Not/Without/Never hesitating for a moment, he ran after the thief.
Not being able to open the door, I asked my neighbour for help.
tell sb. not to do sth. 告訴某人不要做某事
像eager，glad，pleased，sorry等描述感覺的形容詞作表語時(shí)后面往往跟不定式：
They are all eager to come.
I’m pleased to work with you.
【語法精粹】
2.___c___ an answer from the committee, he was worried.
a. Having not got b. Getting not c. Not having got d. Having not been got
7、With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress.
with great difficulty/trouble，with在這里表示行為方式。
He lifted the box with ease/difficulty.
Its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it.
He had a lot of trouble climbing into the shop window to get the dress
8、She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.
enjoy oneself doing sth. 從……中得到樂趣
He enjoyed himself making the dog run after beggars.
enjoy sth.
enjoy doing sth.
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
【Summary writing】
1 Did the woman in jeans hesitate for a moment or not? Did she enter an expensive shop or not? What did she ask to see? (Though ... and)
2 What did an assistant tell her? When did the woman return? Was she dressed in a fur coat or not? (On being told by)
3 What was the assistant eager to do this time?
4 What did she make him bring her? What did the woman finally buy? (After making) 1、Though the woman in jeans hesitated for a moment,she entered an expensive shop and asked for/to see the dress in the shop window.
第一步寫單句, though后面要加一個(gè)從句, 第一個(gè)句子和第二個(gè)都做主句并列, 則though 后面還有第三個(gè)從句, though后面有從句是第一個(gè)和第二個(gè)并列, 但還有個(gè)主句
2、On being told by an assistant that the dress was sold,
① The woman returned the following morning dressed in a fur coat.
② When the woman returned ,she was dressed in a fur coat. / the woman returned , when she was dressed in a fur coat.
by +主動(dòng)語態(tài)中的主語
前后兩句的強(qiáng)調(diào)點(diǎn)不同, 本句中應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào) “return” , 故后面一句更好, 這屬于tiny mistake(微小的錯(cuò)誤), 當(dāng)然第一句好, 另外應(yīng)注意句子的平衡, 也應(yīng)將 “when” 放后面
4、After making the assistant bring…, the women finally bought the dress she had...... The woman finally bought what she had first asked for. 也對(duì)!
【Letter writing】
在信的開頭常的下面兩個(gè)句型：
What a surprise it was to …
What a surprise it was to send me flowers.
在to do sth. 的結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)中，可以在前面表達(dá)動(dòng)作由誰做, 加一個(gè)“for sb.”
It is important for me to do sth. （“for” 一定要加在 “to” 的前面）
What a surprise it was for you to send me flowers.
Forgive me for not writing earlier, but … 我很抱歉我這么久沒給你寫信
I apologize. / I do apologize. 我真的很抱歉!(do 其強(qiáng)調(diào)作用)
You apology is accepted.
【Key structures】
At, In, Off and With
在表示地點(diǎn)和位置時(shí)，說話人的個(gè)人角度會(huì)影響對(duì)介詞的選擇。at通常用于表示居住地點(diǎn)和某個(gè)停留地點(diǎn)、工作地點(diǎn)等，而in表示里面或包圍的含義：
I'll see you at the station. 我將到車站送你.
On the way home, we stopped at a small village called Puddleton.
There were a lot of people in the street. 街上有許多人.
Let's go for a walk in the park. 讓我們到公園去散散步.
off常與動(dòng)詞連用，表示位置的變化，即“與……分離”，可譯為“脫掉，脫落”（相當(dāng)于away from或down from的意思）等，其反義詞為on：
The lid came off easily. 這個(gè)蓋子很容易掉.
The pencil rolled off the table. 鉛筆滾到桌子下面去了.
描寫人時(shí)，in通常用于表示穿著，后面加衣服或顏色，with則表示身上的某個(gè)具體特征或隨身帶著、拿著什么：
He looks handsome in that uniform.
That man with long hair is supposed to be a poet. 那個(gè)留著長(zhǎng)發(fā)的男人應(yīng)該是個(gè)詩(shī)人.
The police are looking for a man with a scar on his face.
The woman with the brown handbag and long umbrella is a famous novelist.
A child came along with a brown dog.
【Special Difficulties】
Make and Let
make和let后面都跟不帶to的不定式，但意義上和用法上有區(qū)別：
make+名詞/代詞+不帶to的不定式，表示“迫使，致使”：
She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window.
What made him change his mind?
That beard makes you look much older than you really are.
在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中含有上述意義的make后面必須帶to：
He was made to work fourteen hours a day.
He was made to change his mind.
let用于祈使句，建議包括說話者在內(nèi)的人采取某一行動(dòng)：
Let’s not waste any more time.
其否定形式除“Let’s not…”外也可以用“Don’t let’s…”：
Don’t let’s waste any more time.
let+名詞/代詞+不帶to的不定式，表示“允許”：
Don't let him persuade you. 不要讓他把你說服了.
Let me try. 讓我試一拭.
Don't let the children touch anything in this room please.
如果賓語是us，則不能縮寫成let’s：
Please let us have more time, will you?
let后面可以跟一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、不帶to的不定式：
He let it be known that the house was his.
但let一般不用于被動(dòng)意義來表示“被允許”，這時(shí)可用allow。
We were not allowed to speak.
【Multiple choice questions】
5 After ___b___out the rude assistant she asked for the same dress.
a. she was seeking b. she had sought c. sought d. when she sought
after, before 后面一定要加兩種概念：句子或V+ing，after后面不能接進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
9 She returned the following day. She returned the day ___c___.
a. other b.next c. after d. else
else放在不定代詞或疑問代詞后面, who else，anyone else，else不跟名詞
other, next都作形容詞用, 單個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞一定要放在被修飾詞之前, the next day，the other books
after =later可以放在結(jié)尾, 副詞表達(dá)式
three days later / three days after
after 與 before 相對(duì)應(yīng), 可以放在句末作副詞用
I've never seen it before.
【語法精粹】
1、The ___b___ news made them _____.
a. excited/exciting b.exciting/excited
c. exciting/to be excited d.excited /excited
make sb. do sth.；make sth. +形容詞
Make the room warm.
3、____d___, all the quarrels came to an end.
a. The lost money was found b. Was the lost money found
c. Because the lost money found d. With the lost money found
quarrel [5kwCrEl] n. 吵架, 反目, 怨言, 爭(zhēng)吵的原因；vi. 吵架, 爭(zhēng)論, 挑剔
a. 出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)主語和謂語動(dòng)詞 b. 也不對(duì), 原因相同
c. Because + 從句, 缺 was d. 對(duì), with后面不能加句子
非謂語動(dòng)詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義，而不作謂語
4、Many of our dreams ___d___ impossible in the past have come true.
a. were considered b. to be considered c. considering d.considered
不定式除了表示目的外，還可以表示將要發(fā)生的事(在時(shí)間上)
V-ing表示動(dòng)作處于現(xiàn)階段，表達(dá)主動(dòng)；V-ed 表示已經(jīng)做過了，表達(dá)被動(dòng).
b,d 的不同在于 “in the past” 時(shí)態(tài)上的差別 6、After a whole day’s heavy work,the old worker returned home,____a___
a. hungry and exhausted b. hungry and exhausting
c. hungry and being exhausted d. huangry and exhaust
exhaust [i^5zC:st] vt. 用盡, 耗盡, 抽完, 使精疲力盡；vi. 排氣
n. 排氣, 排氣裝置；adj. 用不完的, 不會(huì)枯竭的
形容詞短語作狀語
【New words and expressions】（8）
madam n. （對(duì)婦女的尊稱）太太，夫人
jeans n. 牛仔褲
hesitate v. 猶豫，遲緩
serve v. 接待（顧客）
scornfully adv. 輕蔑地
punish v. 懲罰
fur n. 裘皮
eager adj. 熱切的，熱情的
★madam n. (對(duì)婦女的尊稱)太太; 夫人
ma’am [mAm, mB:m, mEm] n. <口>夫人, 太太, 女士, 小姐 = madam
★jeans n. 牛仔褲
trousers [5traJzEz] n.褲子, 長(zhǎng)褲
pants [pAnts] n.褲子, 短褲
★hesitate v. 猶豫, 遲疑
hesitate to do sth. 猶豫做……
make up one's mind 下決心做……
hesitation [7hezi5teiFEn] n. 猶豫, 躊躇
without hesitation 毫不猶豫
Without hesitation he refused my request.
★serve v. 接待(顧客)
① vt.&vi. 幫傭，當(dāng)仆人，給……干活
serve sb. 為某人而服務(wù)
Mary served (in) the family as a cook for more than ten years.
②vt.&vi. 服務(wù)；服役；供職
She served the firm as a secretary for two years.
Have you ever served in the army?
③ vt.&vi. 接待（顧客）
The assistant was eager to serve her this time.
Tom served in a restaurant when he was 18.
service [5sE:vis] n. 服務(wù), 服務(wù)性工作, 服役, 儀式；vt. 保養(yǎng), 維修
adj.(軍隊(duì))服現(xiàn)役的, 服務(wù)性的, 仆人的, 耐用的
At your service. 樂于為您效勞。
★scornfully adv. 輕蔑地
look down upon/on 看不起，瞧不起……
He looks down on me.
★punish v. 懲罰
punishment n. 懲罰
capital punishment 極刑
★fur n. 裘皮
mink n. 貂皮
★eager adj. 熱切的, 熱情的
be eager to do sth. 急于做某事
【Text】
A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop. Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window. The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed. Glancing at her scornfully, he told her that the dress was sold. The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day. She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other. After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress. Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.
參考譯文
一位穿著牛仔褲的婦女站在一家高檔商店的櫥窗前. 她雖然猶豫了片刻, 但終于還是走進(jìn)了商店, 要求把陳列在櫥窗里的一件衣服拿給她看. 接待她的售貨員不喜歡她的那副打扮, 輕蔑地看了她一眼后, 便告訴她那件衣服已經(jīng)賣出去了. 這位婦女怒氣沖沖地走出了商店, 決定第二天教訓(xùn)一下那個(gè)售貨員. 第二天上午, 她又來到這家商店, 穿了一件裘皮大衣, 一只手拎著一只手提包, 另一只手拿著一把長(zhǎng)柄傘. 找到那個(gè)無禮的售貨員后, 她還要看昨天的那件衣服. 那個(gè)售貨員沒有認(rèn)出她是誰, 這一回接待她的態(tài)度非常殷勤. 費(fèi)了好大勁幾, 他爬進(jìn)櫥窗去取那件衣服. 這位婦女對(duì)那件衣服只看一眼, 就說不喜歡. 她開心地迫使那位售貨員把櫥窗里幾乎所有的東西都拿了出來, 后才買下了她先要看的那一件. 【課文講解】
1、A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop.
do window shopping (表示在櫥窗外面購(gòu)物)
a woman in jeans 一個(gè)穿牛仔褲的婦女
2、Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window.
for a moment不一定要與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用, 也可以是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 只要這個(gè)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞就可以 ask to do sth. 請(qǐng)求做某事
3、The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.
dress sb. 給某人穿衣服
Mother is dressing her baby.
I dress myself. 自己給自己穿衣服（反身代詞是不能做主語的,故 I am dressed.）
dress表示“穿著，打扮”時(shí)常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)
be dressed in
She is dressed in jeans.
Why is your aunt dressed in black?
the way 可以直接加定語從句, 不需要引導(dǎo)詞
I don’t like the way she eats. 我不喜歡她吃飯的樣子
The way she eats annoyed me. 她吃飯的樣子讓我煩
I cooked in the way you taught me.
4、She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other.
with sth. in hand 手上拿著
He went to the theatre with a book in one hand. 他手上拿著一本書去了電*
She went to her monther’s carring her baby with a chicken in one hand and a duck in the other. (go to one’s monther’s 回娘家)
5、After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress.
seek out 找出, 找到
He sought out the thief in the crowd.
Seek him out quickly. I want to speak to him.
6、Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time.
現(xiàn)在分詞短語代替一個(gè)分句位于句首時(shí)，其否定形式是在它前面加上not，without或never等否定詞。這些詞有時(shí)可互換，有時(shí)則不可：
Not/Without/Never hesitating for a moment, he ran after the thief.
Not being able to open the door, I asked my neighbour for help.
tell sb. not to do sth. 告訴某人不要做某事
像eager，glad，pleased，sorry等描述感覺的形容詞作表語時(shí)后面往往跟不定式：
They are all eager to come.
I’m pleased to work with you.
【語法精粹】
2.___c___ an answer from the committee, he was worried.
a. Having not got b. Getting not c. Not having got d. Having not been got
7、With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress.
with great difficulty/trouble，with在這里表示行為方式。
He lifted the box with ease/difficulty.
Its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it.
He had a lot of trouble climbing into the shop window to get the dress
8、She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.
enjoy oneself doing sth. 從……中得到樂趣
He enjoyed himself making the dog run after beggars.
enjoy sth.
enjoy doing sth.
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
【Summary writing】
1 Did the woman in jeans hesitate for a moment or not? Did she enter an expensive shop or not? What did she ask to see? (Though ... and)
2 What did an assistant tell her? When did the woman return? Was she dressed in a fur coat or not? (On being told by)
3 What was the assistant eager to do this time?
4 What did she make him bring her? What did the woman finally buy? (After making) 1、Though the woman in jeans hesitated for a moment,she entered an expensive shop and asked for/to see the dress in the shop window.
第一步寫單句, though后面要加一個(gè)從句, 第一個(gè)句子和第二個(gè)都做主句并列, 則though 后面還有第三個(gè)從句, though后面有從句是第一個(gè)和第二個(gè)并列, 但還有個(gè)主句
2、On being told by an assistant that the dress was sold,
① The woman returned the following morning dressed in a fur coat.
② When the woman returned ,she was dressed in a fur coat. / the woman returned , when she was dressed in a fur coat.
by +主動(dòng)語態(tài)中的主語
前后兩句的強(qiáng)調(diào)點(diǎn)不同, 本句中應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào) “return” , 故后面一句更好, 這屬于tiny mistake(微小的錯(cuò)誤), 當(dāng)然第一句好, 另外應(yīng)注意句子的平衡, 也應(yīng)將 “when” 放后面
4、After making the assistant bring…, the women finally bought the dress she had...... The woman finally bought what she had first asked for. 也對(duì)!
【Letter writing】
在信的開頭常的下面兩個(gè)句型：
What a surprise it was to …
What a surprise it was to send me flowers.
在to do sth. 的結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)中，可以在前面表達(dá)動(dòng)作由誰做, 加一個(gè)“for sb.”
It is important for me to do sth. （“for” 一定要加在 “to” 的前面）
What a surprise it was for you to send me flowers.
Forgive me for not writing earlier, but … 我很抱歉我這么久沒給你寫信
I apologize. / I do apologize. 我真的很抱歉!(do 其強(qiáng)調(diào)作用)
You apology is accepted.
【Key structures】
At, In, Off and With
在表示地點(diǎn)和位置時(shí)，說話人的個(gè)人角度會(huì)影響對(duì)介詞的選擇。at通常用于表示居住地點(diǎn)和某個(gè)停留地點(diǎn)、工作地點(diǎn)等，而in表示里面或包圍的含義：
I'll see you at the station. 我將到車站送你.
On the way home, we stopped at a small village called Puddleton.
There were a lot of people in the street. 街上有許多人.
Let's go for a walk in the park. 讓我們到公園去散散步.
off常與動(dòng)詞連用，表示位置的變化，即“與……分離”，可譯為“脫掉，脫落”（相當(dāng)于away from或down from的意思）等，其反義詞為on：
The lid came off easily. 這個(gè)蓋子很容易掉.
The pencil rolled off the table. 鉛筆滾到桌子下面去了.
描寫人時(shí)，in通常用于表示穿著，后面加衣服或顏色，with則表示身上的某個(gè)具體特征或隨身帶著、拿著什么：
He looks handsome in that uniform.
That man with long hair is supposed to be a poet. 那個(gè)留著長(zhǎng)發(fā)的男人應(yīng)該是個(gè)詩(shī)人.
The police are looking for a man with a scar on his face.
The woman with the brown handbag and long umbrella is a famous novelist.
A child came along with a brown dog.
【Special Difficulties】
Make and Let
make和let后面都跟不帶to的不定式，但意義上和用法上有區(qū)別：
make+名詞/代詞+不帶to的不定式，表示“迫使，致使”：
She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window.
What made him change his mind?
That beard makes you look much older than you really are.
在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中含有上述意義的make后面必須帶to：
He was made to work fourteen hours a day.
He was made to change his mind.
let用于祈使句，建議包括說話者在內(nèi)的人采取某一行動(dòng)：
Let’s not waste any more time.
其否定形式除“Let’s not…”外也可以用“Don’t let’s…”：
Don’t let’s waste any more time.
let+名詞/代詞+不帶to的不定式，表示“允許”：
Don't let him persuade you. 不要讓他把你說服了.
Let me try. 讓我試一拭.
Don't let the children touch anything in this room please.
如果賓語是us，則不能縮寫成let’s：
Please let us have more time, will you?
let后面可以跟一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、不帶to的不定式：
He let it be known that the house was his.
但let一般不用于被動(dòng)意義來表示“被允許”，這時(shí)可用allow。
We were not allowed to speak.
【Multiple choice questions】
5 After ___b___out the rude assistant she asked for the same dress.
a. she was seeking b. she had sought c. sought d. when she sought
after, before 后面一定要加兩種概念：句子或V+ing，after后面不能接進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
9 She returned the following day. She returned the day ___c___.
a. other b.next c. after d. else
else放在不定代詞或疑問代詞后面, who else，anyone else，else不跟名詞
other, next都作形容詞用, 單個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞一定要放在被修飾詞之前, the next day，the other books
after =later可以放在結(jié)尾, 副詞表達(dá)式
three days later / three days after
after 與 before 相對(duì)應(yīng), 可以放在句末作副詞用
I've never seen it before.
【語法精粹】
1、The ___b___ news made them _____.
a. excited/exciting b.exciting/excited
c. exciting/to be excited d.excited /excited
make sb. do sth.；make sth. +形容詞
Make the room warm.
3、____d___, all the quarrels came to an end.
a. The lost money was found b. Was the lost money found
c. Because the lost money found d. With the lost money found
quarrel [5kwCrEl] n. 吵架, 反目, 怨言, 爭(zhēng)吵的原因；vi. 吵架, 爭(zhēng)論, 挑剔
a. 出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)主語和謂語動(dòng)詞 b. 也不對(duì), 原因相同
c. Because + 從句, 缺 was d. 對(duì), with后面不能加句子
非謂語動(dòng)詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義，而不作謂語
4、Many of our dreams ___d___ impossible in the past have come true.
a. were considered b. to be considered c. considering d.considered
不定式除了表示目的外，還可以表示將要發(fā)生的事(在時(shí)間上)
V-ing表示動(dòng)作處于現(xiàn)階段，表達(dá)主動(dòng)；V-ed 表示已經(jīng)做過了，表達(dá)被動(dòng).
b,d 的不同在于 “in the past” 時(shí)態(tài)上的差別 6、After a whole day’s heavy work,the old worker returned home,____a___
a. hungry and exhausted b. hungry and exhausting
c. hungry and being exhausted d. huangry and exhaust
exhaust [i^5zC:st] vt. 用盡, 耗盡, 抽完, 使精疲力盡；vi. 排氣
n. 排氣, 排氣裝置；adj. 用不完的, 不會(huì)枯竭的
形容詞短語作狀語