Notes on the text
課文注釋
1 in the interest of，符合……的利益。
2 in the belief that…，自以為……。
3 be qualified to do sth．，勝任做某事。
4 be subject to…，受……的控制，應(yīng)服從……。
5 complaints large and small，程度不同的怨言，large and small 作名詞 complaint 的定語。這樣兩個(gè)意義相反的形容詞并用時(shí)要置于被修飾的詞之后。
6 in writing，以書面形式。
7 in detail，詳細(xì)地。
8 on one's behalf，代表某人。
9 in question，當(dāng)事的，所涉及的。
10 put an end to，制止，結(jié)束。
參考譯文
斯堪的納維亞半島各國實(shí)行的開明的社會(huì)政策，受到全世界的推崇。在瑞典，已逐漸形成了一種完善的制度以保護(hù)每個(gè)公民不受專橫的和不稱職的政府官員的欺壓。由于這種制度行之有效，已被其他國家采納。
是瑞典人首先認(rèn)識(shí)到政府工作人員如文職人員、警官、衛(wèi)生稽查員、稅務(wù)人員等等也會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤或者自以為在為公眾服務(wù)而把事情做過了頭。早在1809年，瑞典議會(huì)就建立了一個(gè)保護(hù)公民利益的制度。議會(huì)內(nèi)有一個(gè)代表各政黨利益的委員會(huì)，由它委派一位稱職的人選專門調(diào)查個(gè)人對國家的意見。此人官銜為“司法特派員”，但瑞典人一般都管他叫“J．O．”，即“司法特派員”。司法特派員不受任何政治壓力的制約。他聽取社會(huì)各階層的各種大小意見，并進(jìn)行調(diào)查。由于意見均需用書面形式提出，司法特派員每年平均收到1，200封信。他有8位律帥做他的助手協(xié)助工作，每封信都詳細(xì)批閱。司法特派員的工作沒有什么秘密可言，他的信件是公開的，供公眾監(jiān)督。如果公民的意見正確，司法特派員便為他伸張正義。司法特派員采取的行動(dòng)因意見的性質(zhì)不同而有所不同。他可以善意地批評(píng)某位官員，也可以甚至向議會(huì)提議修改某項(xiàng)法律。下述事件是司法特派員工作的一個(gè)典型例子。
一個(gè)住在瑞典鄉(xiāng)村的外國人寫信給司法特派員，抱怨說他受到警察虐待，原因就是因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)外國人。司法特派員立即寫信給當(dāng)?shù)氐木炀珠L，請他寄送與此事有關(guān)的材料。材料中沒有任何文字記載證明外國人所說的情況符合事實(shí)，警察局長矢口否認(rèn)這一指控。司法特派員難以處理。但是，當(dāng)他又收到住在同一村莊的另一個(gè)外國人寫的一封內(nèi)容類似的投訴信時(shí)，他立即派出一位律師前去調(diào)查。律師證實(shí)有個(gè)警察確實(shí)多次粗魯?shù)貙Υ鈬?。警察歧視外國人的事在官方檔案中不可能加以記載，司法特派員只有派他的代表去核對事實(shí)才能了解真相。當(dāng)事的警察受到嚴(yán)厲斥責(zé)，并被告知，如果再有人投訴他，他將受到起訴。司法特派員及時(shí)采取的行動(dòng)，迅速制止了這一起不愉快的事件，不然這件事可能因未得到人們注意而不了了之。
Multiple choice questions
多項(xiàng)選擇題
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension 理解
1 In what respect does the institution of Ombudsman reflect enlightened social policy?
a．Other countries have followed the Swedish example.
b．Each party appoints its own Ombudsman to ensure equal representation.
c．It admits the possibility of official oppression and guards against it.
d．It aims to eliminate prejudice against foreigners living in Sweden.
2 The authority exercised by the Ombudsman is impartial in that ______ .
a．the complaints he deals with come from all levels of society
b．he wilt only take action if written evidence justifies a complaint
c．every letter of complaint receives legal attention
d．his decisions are not influenced by any one political party
3 What happened to the policeman in the case?
a．He was sent to prison.
b．He was prosecuted.
c．He was officially rebuked.
d．He was dismissed from the police force.
4 The case taken as an example of the Ombudsman's work shows that ______ .
a．a(chǎn)n official may not be prosecuted until a law is altered by parliament
b．the Ombudsman cannot take action if he lacks supporting evidence
c．it needs two similar complaints before the Ombudsman can take action
d．the Swedish police are corrupt and prejudiced against foreigners
Structure 結(jié)構(gòu)
5 ______ recognized that public officials like civil servants can make mistakes. (11. 6-8)
a．It was the Swedes who first
b．They were Swedes who had first
c．The Swedes were the first who have
d．First it was the Swedes that
6 If a citizen has ______ , the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. (11. 16-17)
a．the complaint justifiably
b．the justified complaint
c．a(chǎn) justified complaint
d．justified his complaint
7 The policeman was informed that ______ complaints were lodged against him, he…. . (11. 28-30)
a．the next time any
b．a(chǎn)fter any further
c．unless no further
d．furthermore
8 If the Ombudsman hadn't acted promptly, this unpleasant practice ______ . (11. 30-31)
a．might have continued
b．might continue
c．will continue
d．would continue
Vocabulary 詞匯
9 ---- protecting the individual citizen from ______ and incompetent …(11. 3-4)
a．efficient
b．quick-tempered
c．officious
d．handy
10 The action he takes ______ the nature of the complaint. (1. 17)
a．depends on
b．a(chǎn)lternates with
c．differs from (d)agrees with
11 The Chief of Police in the district ______ denied the accusation. (1. 23)
a．bitterly
b．firmly
c．mildly
d．roughly
12 The policeman ______ was severely reprimanded … (11. 28-29)
a．questioned
b．concerned
c．described
d．interrogated
課文注釋
1 in the interest of，符合……的利益。
2 in the belief that…，自以為……。
3 be qualified to do sth．，勝任做某事。
4 be subject to…，受……的控制，應(yīng)服從……。
5 complaints large and small，程度不同的怨言，large and small 作名詞 complaint 的定語。這樣兩個(gè)意義相反的形容詞并用時(shí)要置于被修飾的詞之后。
6 in writing，以書面形式。
7 in detail，詳細(xì)地。
8 on one's behalf，代表某人。
9 in question，當(dāng)事的，所涉及的。
10 put an end to，制止，結(jié)束。
參考譯文
斯堪的納維亞半島各國實(shí)行的開明的社會(huì)政策，受到全世界的推崇。在瑞典，已逐漸形成了一種完善的制度以保護(hù)每個(gè)公民不受專橫的和不稱職的政府官員的欺壓。由于這種制度行之有效，已被其他國家采納。
是瑞典人首先認(rèn)識(shí)到政府工作人員如文職人員、警官、衛(wèi)生稽查員、稅務(wù)人員等等也會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤或者自以為在為公眾服務(wù)而把事情做過了頭。早在1809年，瑞典議會(huì)就建立了一個(gè)保護(hù)公民利益的制度。議會(huì)內(nèi)有一個(gè)代表各政黨利益的委員會(huì)，由它委派一位稱職的人選專門調(diào)查個(gè)人對國家的意見。此人官銜為“司法特派員”，但瑞典人一般都管他叫“J．O．”，即“司法特派員”。司法特派員不受任何政治壓力的制約。他聽取社會(huì)各階層的各種大小意見，并進(jìn)行調(diào)查。由于意見均需用書面形式提出，司法特派員每年平均收到1，200封信。他有8位律帥做他的助手協(xié)助工作，每封信都詳細(xì)批閱。司法特派員的工作沒有什么秘密可言，他的信件是公開的，供公眾監(jiān)督。如果公民的意見正確，司法特派員便為他伸張正義。司法特派員采取的行動(dòng)因意見的性質(zhì)不同而有所不同。他可以善意地批評(píng)某位官員，也可以甚至向議會(huì)提議修改某項(xiàng)法律。下述事件是司法特派員工作的一個(gè)典型例子。
一個(gè)住在瑞典鄉(xiāng)村的外國人寫信給司法特派員，抱怨說他受到警察虐待，原因就是因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)外國人。司法特派員立即寫信給當(dāng)?shù)氐木炀珠L，請他寄送與此事有關(guān)的材料。材料中沒有任何文字記載證明外國人所說的情況符合事實(shí)，警察局長矢口否認(rèn)這一指控。司法特派員難以處理。但是，當(dāng)他又收到住在同一村莊的另一個(gè)外國人寫的一封內(nèi)容類似的投訴信時(shí)，他立即派出一位律師前去調(diào)查。律師證實(shí)有個(gè)警察確實(shí)多次粗魯?shù)貙Υ鈬?。警察歧視外國人的事在官方檔案中不可能加以記載，司法特派員只有派他的代表去核對事實(shí)才能了解真相。當(dāng)事的警察受到嚴(yán)厲斥責(zé)，并被告知，如果再有人投訴他，他將受到起訴。司法特派員及時(shí)采取的行動(dòng)，迅速制止了這一起不愉快的事件，不然這件事可能因未得到人們注意而不了了之。
Multiple choice questions
多項(xiàng)選擇題
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension 理解
1 In what respect does the institution of Ombudsman reflect enlightened social policy?
a．Other countries have followed the Swedish example.
b．Each party appoints its own Ombudsman to ensure equal representation.
c．It admits the possibility of official oppression and guards against it.
d．It aims to eliminate prejudice against foreigners living in Sweden.
2 The authority exercised by the Ombudsman is impartial in that ______ .
a．the complaints he deals with come from all levels of society
b．he wilt only take action if written evidence justifies a complaint
c．every letter of complaint receives legal attention
d．his decisions are not influenced by any one political party
3 What happened to the policeman in the case?
a．He was sent to prison.
b．He was prosecuted.
c．He was officially rebuked.
d．He was dismissed from the police force.
4 The case taken as an example of the Ombudsman's work shows that ______ .
a．a(chǎn)n official may not be prosecuted until a law is altered by parliament
b．the Ombudsman cannot take action if he lacks supporting evidence
c．it needs two similar complaints before the Ombudsman can take action
d．the Swedish police are corrupt and prejudiced against foreigners
Structure 結(jié)構(gòu)
5 ______ recognized that public officials like civil servants can make mistakes. (11. 6-8)
a．It was the Swedes who first
b．They were Swedes who had first
c．The Swedes were the first who have
d．First it was the Swedes that
6 If a citizen has ______ , the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. (11. 16-17)
a．the complaint justifiably
b．the justified complaint
c．a(chǎn) justified complaint
d．justified his complaint
7 The policeman was informed that ______ complaints were lodged against him, he…. . (11. 28-30)
a．the next time any
b．a(chǎn)fter any further
c．unless no further
d．furthermore
8 If the Ombudsman hadn't acted promptly, this unpleasant practice ______ . (11. 30-31)
a．might have continued
b．might continue
c．will continue
d．would continue
Vocabulary 詞匯
9 ---- protecting the individual citizen from ______ and incompetent …(11. 3-4)
a．efficient
b．quick-tempered
c．officious
d．handy
10 The action he takes ______ the nature of the complaint. (1. 17)
a．depends on
b．a(chǎn)lternates with
c．differs from (d)agrees with
11 The Chief of Police in the district ______ denied the accusation. (1. 23)
a．bitterly
b．firmly
c．mildly
d．roughly
12 The policeman ______ was severely reprimanded … (11. 28-29)
a．questioned
b．concerned
c．described
d．interrogated