2016年雅思寫作Task 2:IELTS Opinion Essays

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    大作文題目從命題形式上可分為兩類,辯論型題目和解釋型題目。辯論型題目指兩個(gè)事物或兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn),讓考生任選自己支持的一方;或是一個(gè)事物或一個(gè)觀點(diǎn),問考生支持或反對。這類題目在雅思大作文考試中占80%左右。辯論型寫作可以分為三大類:
    1. Discuss ONE opinion
    Advances in technology and automation have reduced the need for manual labour.(opinion)Therefore, working hours should be reduced.
    To what extent do you agree or disagree?
    單一式觀點(diǎn):即同意不同意(agree or disagree)。此類文章通常是對于所給出的一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的贊成或否定的態(tài)度。你需要明確表示出你的態(tài)度:贊成,否定,或部分贊成,并給出理由。
    2. Discuss TWO OPPOSING opinions
    A growing number of people feel that animals should not be exploited by people and that they should have the same rights as humans,(opposing opinion)while others argue that humans must employ animals to satisfy their various needs, including uses for food and research.
    Discuss both views and give your opinion.
    對立式觀點(diǎn):即通過討論給觀點(diǎn)(discuss both view and give your opinion)。此類文章通常含有兩個(gè)對立的觀點(diǎn)。你需要對這兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行論述,并表明你的看法。缺少對任何一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的論述或者沒有明確表明態(tài)度都將導(dǎo)致低分。
    3. Advantages and Disadvantages
    The number of old people around the world is increasing dramatically.Could this have more positive or negative effects on society?
    Do the advantages of the trend outweigh the disadvantages?
    Is this a positive development?
    利弊類:此類文章通常需要對給定的事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行利弊的權(quán)衡。雅思題目的寫作都需要有觀點(diǎn),但觀點(diǎn)并非一蹴而就。對于利弊題目需要注意的是:無論題目中是否指明"outweigh"或"exceed",都需要討論這個(gè)事物的利弊兩方面。因?yàn)闆]有完全絕對的事情,議論文必然有對立雙方,所以不可能只討論其中一邊,比如只有利或只有弊。這樣看起來貌似很強(qiáng)勢,但是其實(shí)是缺少辯證能力的表現(xiàn)。確定了觀點(diǎn)以后,就要通過利與弊的權(quán)重來證明你的觀點(diǎn),到底是利與弊哪個(gè)更重。
    注意,千萬不要把這類文章與基本的利弊型論文給混淆了。基本的利弊型文章如下:
    What are the advantages and disadvantages of this trend?
    這類文章只需要你陳述利弊。盡管在組織、觀點(diǎn)、段落結(jié)構(gòu)上,這類文章與上文中提到的利弊觀點(diǎn)型論文大同小異,但是這類文章不需要你給出你自己的觀點(diǎn),只是對事實(shí)的進(jìn)一步說明。
    好了,讓我們來總結(jié)一下雅思觀點(diǎn)類寫作的三種形式:
    1. agree / disagree
    2. discuss two opinions
    3. advantages and disadvantages