單項(xiàng)選擇題
1、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Morning,NoonandNight The long-hours culture at work
Working an eight-hour day is a luxury for most professional people. Nowadays, the only way to guarantee an eight-hour working day is to have a kind of job where you clock on and off. Those professionals who have managed to limit their hours to what was, 20 years ago, averagely do not wish to identify themselves. "1 can quite easily achieve my work within a normal day, but I don't like to draw attention to it," says one sales manager. "People looked at me when I left at 5 o'clock. Now, I put paperwork in my bag. People assume I'm doing extra hours at home."
But more typical is Mark, who works as an account manager. He says, "My contract says I work from 9 until 5 with extra hours as necessary. It sounds as if the extra hours are exceptional. In fact, my job would be enough not only for me, but also for someone else part- time. The idea of an eight-hour day makes me laugh!" He says he has thought about going freelance but realizes that this doesn't guarantee better working hours.
Professor Cary Cooper, occupational psychologist at the University of Manchester, is the author of the annual Quality of Working, Life survey. The most recent survey found that 77% of managers in Britain work more than their contracted hours, and that this is having a damaging effect for their health, relationships and productivity. Professor Cooper is critical of the long-hour culture. He says that while bosses believe long hours lead to greater efficiency, there is no evidence support this. "In fact, the evidence shows that long hours make you ill." There are, he says, steps that can be taken. One is to accept that the in-tray will never be empty. "There are always things to do. You just have to make the rule that on certain days you go home early. Prioritizing work and doing essential tasks first helps," he says. He also thinks it's time to criticize bad employers and unreasonable terms of employment. By all means, show commitment where necessary but when expectations are too high, people have to begin saying openly that they have a life outside of work.
Personal development coach Mo Shapiro agrees that communication is important. Staff needs to talk to managers about the working practices within a company. Both parties should feel that the expectations are realistic and allow them to have responsibilities and interests outside work. She recognizes, however, that in many organizations the response might well be, "If you want interests outside work, then find another job".
She believes that senior staff has a duty to set an example. "1 recently worked for a firm of solicitors where the partners started at 7:30 am. What kind of message is that to send to the staff?" She believes there is no shame in working sensible hours - in fact quite the reverse."Some people might be in at 7:30 but will be doing very little. You can work really hard from9 to 5 and achieve the same. If you find it difficult to achieve an eight-hour day, there is, as a last resort, the old trick of leaving your jacket on your chair and your computer switched on, even after you have left the building.
What does the writer say in the first paragraph about people who work an eight-hour day?
A． They are reluctant to admit to this.
B． They are disliked by their colleagues.
C． They are limited to certain professions.
D． They often catch up on work in the evenings.
填空題
2、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Customer Behaviour
0 The consumer is the focus of all retail business anD it is important to appreciate how
O0 consumers are influenceD in their buying decisions．Most of consumers, before making a
34 purchase, gather information anD evaluate with the alternatives, but the extent to which
35 they look for information depends on the type of purchase．For example, in the case of
36 routine grocery purchases most consumers responD to automatically．However, for
37 purchases where the risk of making the wrong decision is greater, like buying A．new
38 car, so the search for information is more important．The decision to purchase is never a
39 single decision but A．number of these separate decisions, anD at any time during this
40 process, consumers can change their minds about anD choose an alternative route．For
41 example, although A．consumer may have decideD where to buy A．product only to realize
42 at the last moment that this is, in fact, having the wrong choice．The price in the store may
43 be too high or the staff unhelpful．On the other hand, A．lack of queues, favourable credit
44 facilities anD efficient staff all leaD to A．too positive impression, so retailers should
45 remember how difficulties in these areas that can affect A．sale or even lose A．customer permanently.
34__________
3、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Market Research
0 Market research involves in collecting anD sorting facts anD opinions from specifiC．groups
00 0f people．The purpose of research can vary from discovering the popularity of A．political
34 party to assessing whether is A．product needs changing or replacing．Most work in
35 consumer research involves interviewers employeD by market research agencies，but
36 certain industrial anD social research is carrieD out by any specialist agencies．Interviews
37 may be with individuals or groups anD can last anything as from A．few minutes to an hour
38 0r more．In some interviews，people may be askeD to examine or try out products before
39 giving up their opinion．Successful interviewers tenD to like meeting people anD should
40 not only be shy of addressing strangers．Interviewers are usually expecleD to work
41 unsupervised，organizing their own workloaD Self-discipline is absolutely essential，and
42 as are motivation anD enemy．There are no specifiC．a(chǎn)ge limits for such A．work，though
43 many agencies prefer to employ older applicants with experience of meeting people。
44 Market research agencies which frequently organize training，where trainees learn how
45 to recognize socio-economiC．groups anD practice approaching to the public。
34__________
4、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Summary of Annual Progress
0 I am pleased to report another year of progress by the company. This
00 performance has been achieved in the most toughest market conditions we have
34 seen for many years yet. It reflects the effort over the past five years that has
35 gone into transforming of our company into a highly competitive world-class
36 business. Since 2002, we have managed to improve almost double our profits, and if this
37 increase in profitability has been placed us at the top of the global glass industry.
38 We have managed to succeed this in difficult trading conditions for a number of
39 reasons, the most important of which has been from our ability to stay ahead
40 of our competitors. We have refused to allow stand still and have continued to bring
41 out a number of new products, most of which are already on the sale in our key
42 markets. All this goes to confirm that the company's position as the recognized
43 industry leader in technical innovation. We realize that there is still much more to
44 be done, but we believe that we know precisely what extra this is and we have
45 already put into place organiational and technical changes to bring this about.
34__________
5、Questions 8 - 12
·Read this advertisement about business book reviews.
·Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.
·For each gap 8 - 12, mark one letter A - I on your Answer Sheet.
·Do not mark any letter twice.
A) These introductory texts are the most important books and using them can pay big dividends.
B) Discover practical tips and techniques you can apply without delay.
C) In order to avoid this problem, we select for you only the truly worthwhile titles and reject the rest.
D) According to studies published in psychology journals, you retain the content of a summary better than a book.
E) He or she would take the most important ideas from each one, and compile them into a neat executive summary.
F) With the breadth and depth of knowledge gained from books, it is less likely that you'll be caught off guard.
G) Each contains all the key points in the original book, but instead of 200 to 500 pages there are only eight pages.
H) There's a sample of the superb business titles that we summarise for you.
I) With all the reading you have to do in the normal course of your work, you find it impossible to keep up with all the new business books.
6、Questions 8-12
·Read the text below about the management of documents.
·Choose the best sentence from the list on the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.
·For each gap 8-12, mark one letter (A-I) on your Answer Sheet.
·Do not use any letter more than once.
The power of personal computers has increased dramatically, and the uses of software have expanded too. Companies both large and small have spent large sums of money on improving office computer facilities.(8) ________.It seems that business has failed to apply the developments in technology to greater effect, to increase the amount of time which office workers have available for non-routine tasks. To do this, we need to understand how information is processed in business ventures.
Typically, information is first gathered, then processed, and finally produced in its changed form as output.(9) ________. Increasingly complex programs have been invented, to feed ever more powerful processing systems.
But what about output? A recent study by an American management institute shows that the processing of documents takes up 60% of office workers’ time, 40% of labour costs and up to 10% of business income.(10) ________. In fact, the international companies studied for the research show that this breakdown is true world-wide, wherever the company operates.
Taking these findings into account, the management of documents has become extremely important. Documents support nearly all business transactions. They are increasingly the way to communicate with customers, suppliers and employees. It is therefore upon document output and distribution that we should focus. (11) ________
Unfortunately, technological developments in equipment for document management seem more impressive than they really are.(12) ________ New technological solutions are needed to tackle the problem, to help drive businesses forward to improve their productivity and output.
Only now are we beginning to study business objectives and to structure technology to suit them. Our company is attempting to understand how people use technology and how it can be applied to business problems.
A. These new methods of handling paperwork have already greatly improved efficiency.
B. This would be a key way of improving white collar productivity.
C. It will help them to make better use of all office employees.
D. However, this enormous investment has not improved productivity as expected.
E. Laser printers have many limitations, and photocopiers have few applications.
F. Most technology has concentrated its attention on the first two of these stages.
G. These figures are hardly surprising since documents convey nine-tenths of all information.
H. Nevertheless, it is an important way to improve business processes and workflow.
I. Since then, these machines have caused a revolution in the way we work in the office.
7、
If you always thought of McDonald’s as an all-American company it, may surprise you to learn that the king of McDonald’s franchises is named Fujita and that he doesn’t eat hamburgers. ____1____ By ignoring many of the customs of both his native and his parent company, Fujita has made McDonald’s the top fast-food business in Japan and has changed the face of franchising.
McDonald’s came to Japan in 1970 searching for a Japanese partner with whom to create a Japanese McDonald’s. Fujita was far from the richest potential candidate interviewed, but he was an eager entrepreneur who seemed willing to devote his energies to the new venture. ____2____
Almost immediately, however, Fujita began going his own way. The parent company recommended opening the first Japanese McDonald’s in the suburbs, where most American fast-food stores are located. Fujita had his own ideas. ____3____ He got his way, opened the first Japanese McDonald’s in a department store in Tokyo, didn’t spend anything on advertising. ____4____
McDonald’s learned its lesson from Fujita and has since opened inner-city restaurant around the world. ____5____ While the Japanese seem fascinated with western styles and tastes, they often don’t think of themselves as consumers of American products. So Fujita’s McDonald’s franchises play down their American origins, to the point where, according to Fujita, some Japanese who visit the United States are surprised to find that we have ‘Makudonarudo’, as the Japanese say it, in America too.
A. In fact, Fujita is unusual in many respects, and his uniqueness has made him very rich.
B. McDonald’s took a chance and chose him.
C. Fujita and McDonald’s continue to benefit from each other.
D. Other companies might learn from the way Fujita marketed McDonald’s in Japan.
E. Fujita likes to take credit for a rise in the average weight of his people.
F. And within a year he had broken McDonald’s world record for one-day sales: $14,000.
G. He thought the young pedestrians of Japan’s cities were more likely to give up Japan fish-and –rice diet for a hamburger than were the more traditional suburban dwellers.
H. But Fujita himself prefers noodles to Big Macs.
I. And the Tokyo McDonald’s that once caused an argument is now one of 500 that Fujita owns in Japan.
8、
Questions 17-20
• Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 17-20 with a phrase A-G from the list below.
• For each question 17-20, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.
• Do not use any letter more than once.
17 Most people agree that the recent increase in stress is due to changes in ____________.
18 The trainees are taught that the right level of stress at work is important for good.
19 Trainees learn that one way of limiting stress is by deciding upon.
20 One of the most important parts of the course is learning how to react to___
A levels of performance
B shorter deadlines
C employment practices
D higher levels of sickness
E unfair demands
F successful management structure
G practical targets
簡(jiǎn)答題
9、Part One
You are the training manager of a company which has won a large export order. You have been asked to organize foreign language training for some of your staff.
Write a memo of 30-40 words to staff:
Explaining why the courses are necessary;
Saying which members of staff should attend;
Announcing when the courses will start;
Write on your answer sheet.
Part Two
Your company exports to a number of countries around the world. The company is looking for new agents for international freight.
Read the two advertisements below, on which you have made some notes.
Then using the notes, write a short report for the Export Sales Manager, covering all your points and saying which agent you recommend.
Write 100-120 words.
Write on your answer sheet.
10、Part One
You are the Manager of a small printing company. A new employee, Mark McCabe, is joining your company on 10th May.
Write a short memo to your office administrator:
Saying who is starting work and when;
Telling him what Mark McCabe’s job will be;
Suggesting where Mark McCabe’s desk should be put;
Write 30-40 words on your answer sheet.
Part Two
You were sent on a residential training course for five days. Unfortunately the course was very badly run and there were a lot of problems with it. The advert below shows the details of the course, together with your comments.
Write a report for your manager on the course (100-120 words). Describe the problems with the course and suggest what your company should do.
Write on your answer sheet.
1、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Morning,NoonandNight The long-hours culture at work
Working an eight-hour day is a luxury for most professional people. Nowadays, the only way to guarantee an eight-hour working day is to have a kind of job where you clock on and off. Those professionals who have managed to limit their hours to what was, 20 years ago, averagely do not wish to identify themselves. "1 can quite easily achieve my work within a normal day, but I don't like to draw attention to it," says one sales manager. "People looked at me when I left at 5 o'clock. Now, I put paperwork in my bag. People assume I'm doing extra hours at home."
But more typical is Mark, who works as an account manager. He says, "My contract says I work from 9 until 5 with extra hours as necessary. It sounds as if the extra hours are exceptional. In fact, my job would be enough not only for me, but also for someone else part- time. The idea of an eight-hour day makes me laugh!" He says he has thought about going freelance but realizes that this doesn't guarantee better working hours.
Professor Cary Cooper, occupational psychologist at the University of Manchester, is the author of the annual Quality of Working, Life survey. The most recent survey found that 77% of managers in Britain work more than their contracted hours, and that this is having a damaging effect for their health, relationships and productivity. Professor Cooper is critical of the long-hour culture. He says that while bosses believe long hours lead to greater efficiency, there is no evidence support this. "In fact, the evidence shows that long hours make you ill." There are, he says, steps that can be taken. One is to accept that the in-tray will never be empty. "There are always things to do. You just have to make the rule that on certain days you go home early. Prioritizing work and doing essential tasks first helps," he says. He also thinks it's time to criticize bad employers and unreasonable terms of employment. By all means, show commitment where necessary but when expectations are too high, people have to begin saying openly that they have a life outside of work.
Personal development coach Mo Shapiro agrees that communication is important. Staff needs to talk to managers about the working practices within a company. Both parties should feel that the expectations are realistic and allow them to have responsibilities and interests outside work. She recognizes, however, that in many organizations the response might well be, "If you want interests outside work, then find another job".
She believes that senior staff has a duty to set an example. "1 recently worked for a firm of solicitors where the partners started at 7:30 am. What kind of message is that to send to the staff?" She believes there is no shame in working sensible hours - in fact quite the reverse."Some people might be in at 7:30 but will be doing very little. You can work really hard from9 to 5 and achieve the same. If you find it difficult to achieve an eight-hour day, there is, as a last resort, the old trick of leaving your jacket on your chair and your computer switched on, even after you have left the building.
What does the writer say in the first paragraph about people who work an eight-hour day?
A． They are reluctant to admit to this.
B． They are disliked by their colleagues.
C． They are limited to certain professions.
D． They often catch up on work in the evenings.
填空題
2、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Customer Behaviour
0 The consumer is the focus of all retail business anD it is important to appreciate how
O0 consumers are influenceD in their buying decisions．Most of consumers, before making a
34 purchase, gather information anD evaluate with the alternatives, but the extent to which
35 they look for information depends on the type of purchase．For example, in the case of
36 routine grocery purchases most consumers responD to automatically．However, for
37 purchases where the risk of making the wrong decision is greater, like buying A．new
38 car, so the search for information is more important．The decision to purchase is never a
39 single decision but A．number of these separate decisions, anD at any time during this
40 process, consumers can change their minds about anD choose an alternative route．For
41 example, although A．consumer may have decideD where to buy A．product only to realize
42 at the last moment that this is, in fact, having the wrong choice．The price in the store may
43 be too high or the staff unhelpful．On the other hand, A．lack of queues, favourable credit
44 facilities anD efficient staff all leaD to A．too positive impression, so retailers should
45 remember how difficulties in these areas that can affect A．sale or even lose A．customer permanently.
34__________
3、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Market Research
0 Market research involves in collecting anD sorting facts anD opinions from specifiC．groups
00 0f people．The purpose of research can vary from discovering the popularity of A．political
34 party to assessing whether is A．product needs changing or replacing．Most work in
35 consumer research involves interviewers employeD by market research agencies，but
36 certain industrial anD social research is carrieD out by any specialist agencies．Interviews
37 may be with individuals or groups anD can last anything as from A．few minutes to an hour
38 0r more．In some interviews，people may be askeD to examine or try out products before
39 giving up their opinion．Successful interviewers tenD to like meeting people anD should
40 not only be shy of addressing strangers．Interviewers are usually expecleD to work
41 unsupervised，organizing their own workloaD Self-discipline is absolutely essential，and
42 as are motivation anD enemy．There are no specifiC．a(chǎn)ge limits for such A．work，though
43 many agencies prefer to employ older applicants with experience of meeting people。
44 Market research agencies which frequently organize training，where trainees learn how
45 to recognize socio-economiC．groups anD practice approaching to the public。
34__________
4、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Summary of Annual Progress
0 I am pleased to report another year of progress by the company. This
00 performance has been achieved in the most toughest market conditions we have
34 seen for many years yet. It reflects the effort over the past five years that has
35 gone into transforming of our company into a highly competitive world-class
36 business. Since 2002, we have managed to improve almost double our profits, and if this
37 increase in profitability has been placed us at the top of the global glass industry.
38 We have managed to succeed this in difficult trading conditions for a number of
39 reasons, the most important of which has been from our ability to stay ahead
40 of our competitors. We have refused to allow stand still and have continued to bring
41 out a number of new products, most of which are already on the sale in our key
42 markets. All this goes to confirm that the company's position as the recognized
43 industry leader in technical innovation. We realize that there is still much more to
44 be done, but we believe that we know precisely what extra this is and we have
45 already put into place organiational and technical changes to bring this about.
34__________
5、Questions 8 - 12
·Read this advertisement about business book reviews.
·Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.
·For each gap 8 - 12, mark one letter A - I on your Answer Sheet.
·Do not mark any letter twice.
A) These introductory texts are the most important books and using them can pay big dividends.
B) Discover practical tips and techniques you can apply without delay.
C) In order to avoid this problem, we select for you only the truly worthwhile titles and reject the rest.
D) According to studies published in psychology journals, you retain the content of a summary better than a book.
E) He or she would take the most important ideas from each one, and compile them into a neat executive summary.
F) With the breadth and depth of knowledge gained from books, it is less likely that you'll be caught off guard.
G) Each contains all the key points in the original book, but instead of 200 to 500 pages there are only eight pages.
H) There's a sample of the superb business titles that we summarise for you.
I) With all the reading you have to do in the normal course of your work, you find it impossible to keep up with all the new business books.
6、Questions 8-12
·Read the text below about the management of documents.
·Choose the best sentence from the list on the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.
·For each gap 8-12, mark one letter (A-I) on your Answer Sheet.
·Do not use any letter more than once.
How do you improve white collar productivity?
For many years, technological development was thought to be the key to improving productivity in the office. In the 1980s cheap small computers first appeared on desktops. (example)________The power of personal computers has increased dramatically, and the uses of software have expanded too. Companies both large and small have spent large sums of money on improving office computer facilities.(8) ________.It seems that business has failed to apply the developments in technology to greater effect, to increase the amount of time which office workers have available for non-routine tasks. To do this, we need to understand how information is processed in business ventures.
Typically, information is first gathered, then processed, and finally produced in its changed form as output.(9) ________. Increasingly complex programs have been invented, to feed ever more powerful processing systems.
But what about output? A recent study by an American management institute shows that the processing of documents takes up 60% of office workers’ time, 40% of labour costs and up to 10% of business income.(10) ________. In fact, the international companies studied for the research show that this breakdown is true world-wide, wherever the company operates.
Taking these findings into account, the management of documents has become extremely important. Documents support nearly all business transactions. They are increasingly the way to communicate with customers, suppliers and employees. It is therefore upon document output and distribution that we should focus. (11) ________
Unfortunately, technological developments in equipment for document management seem more impressive than they really are.(12) ________ New technological solutions are needed to tackle the problem, to help drive businesses forward to improve their productivity and output.
Only now are we beginning to study business objectives and to structure technology to suit them. Our company is attempting to understand how people use technology and how it can be applied to business problems.
A. These new methods of handling paperwork have already greatly improved efficiency.
B. This would be a key way of improving white collar productivity.
C. It will help them to make better use of all office employees.
D. However, this enormous investment has not improved productivity as expected.
E. Laser printers have many limitations, and photocopiers have few applications.
F. Most technology has concentrated its attention on the first two of these stages.
G. These figures are hardly surprising since documents convey nine-tenths of all information.
H. Nevertheless, it is an important way to improve business processes and workflow.
I. Since then, these machines have caused a revolution in the way we work in the office.
7、
Japanese McDonald’s
If you always thought of McDonald’s as an all-American company it, may surprise you to learn that the king of McDonald’s franchises is named Fujita and that he doesn’t eat hamburgers. ____1____ By ignoring many of the customs of both his native and his parent company, Fujita has made McDonald’s the top fast-food business in Japan and has changed the face of franchising.
McDonald’s came to Japan in 1970 searching for a Japanese partner with whom to create a Japanese McDonald’s. Fujita was far from the richest potential candidate interviewed, but he was an eager entrepreneur who seemed willing to devote his energies to the new venture. ____2____
Almost immediately, however, Fujita began going his own way. The parent company recommended opening the first Japanese McDonald’s in the suburbs, where most American fast-food stores are located. Fujita had his own ideas. ____3____ He got his way, opened the first Japanese McDonald’s in a department store in Tokyo, didn’t spend anything on advertising. ____4____
McDonald’s learned its lesson from Fujita and has since opened inner-city restaurant around the world. ____5____ While the Japanese seem fascinated with western styles and tastes, they often don’t think of themselves as consumers of American products. So Fujita’s McDonald’s franchises play down their American origins, to the point where, according to Fujita, some Japanese who visit the United States are surprised to find that we have ‘Makudonarudo’, as the Japanese say it, in America too.
A. In fact, Fujita is unusual in many respects, and his uniqueness has made him very rich.
B. McDonald’s took a chance and chose him.
C. Fujita and McDonald’s continue to benefit from each other.
D. Other companies might learn from the way Fujita marketed McDonald’s in Japan.
E. Fujita likes to take credit for a rise in the average weight of his people.
F. And within a year he had broken McDonald’s world record for one-day sales: $14,000.
G. He thought the young pedestrians of Japan’s cities were more likely to give up Japan fish-and –rice diet for a hamburger than were the more traditional suburban dwellers.
H. But Fujita himself prefers noodles to Big Macs.
I. And the Tokyo McDonald’s that once caused an argument is now one of 500 that Fujita owns in Japan.
8、
Questions 17-20
• Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 17-20 with a phrase A-G from the list below.
• For each question 17-20, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.
• Do not use any letter more than once.
17 Most people agree that the recent increase in stress is due to changes in ____________.
18 The trainees are taught that the right level of stress at work is important for good.
19 Trainees learn that one way of limiting stress is by deciding upon.
20 One of the most important parts of the course is learning how to react to___
A levels of performance
B shorter deadlines
C employment practices
D higher levels of sickness
E unfair demands
F successful management structure
G practical targets
簡(jiǎn)答題
9、Part One
You are the training manager of a company which has won a large export order. You have been asked to organize foreign language training for some of your staff.
Write a memo of 30-40 words to staff:
Explaining why the courses are necessary;
Saying which members of staff should attend;
Announcing when the courses will start;
Write on your answer sheet.
Part Two
Your company exports to a number of countries around the world. The company is looking for new agents for international freight.
Read the two advertisements below, on which you have made some notes.
Then using the notes, write a short report for the Export Sales Manager, covering all your points and saying which agent you recommend.
Write 100-120 words.
Write on your answer sheet.
10、Part One
You are the Manager of a small printing company. A new employee, Mark McCabe, is joining your company on 10th May.
Write a short memo to your office administrator:
Saying who is starting work and when;
Telling him what Mark McCabe’s job will be;
Suggesting where Mark McCabe’s desk should be put;
Write 30-40 words on your answer sheet.
Part Two
You were sent on a residential training course for five days. Unfortunately the course was very badly run and there were a lot of problems with it. The advert below shows the details of the course, together with your comments.
Write a report for your manager on the course (100-120 words). Describe the problems with the course and suggest what your company should do.
Write on your answer sheet.