1. The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is _______。
[ A ] global inflation
[ B ] reduction in supply
[ C ] fast growth in economy
[ D ] Iraq’ s suspension of exports
2. It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if_______。
[ A ] price of crude rises
[ B ] commodity prices rise
[ C ]consumption rises
[ D ] oil taxes rise
3. The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries_______。
[ A ] heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive
[ B ] income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices
[ C ] manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed
[ D ] oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP
4. We can draw a conclusion from the text that_______。
[ A ] oil-price shocks are less shocking now
[ B ] inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks
[ C ] energy conservation can keep down the oil prices
[ D ] the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry
5. From the text we can see that the writer seems_______。
[ A ] optimistic
[ B ] sensitive
[ C ] gloomy
[ D ] scared
石油輸出國組織在3月份決定減少原油供應(yīng)，原油價(jià)格立即猛漲了3倍。本周伊拉克暫停石油出口，這使得油價(jià)又一次上揚(yáng)。強(qiáng)勁的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長勢頭，隨著北半球冬季的到來，有可能在短期內(nèi)使石油價(jià)格漲得更高。但是人們并不恐慌，這是因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在多數(shù)國家的原油價(jià)格占汽油價(jià)格的份額要小很多，發(fā)達(dá)國家對(duì)石油的依賴性也不如從前，因此對(duì)油價(jià)的波動(dòng)也就不會(huì)那么敏感了。另外一個(gè)原因是，與20世紀(jì)70年代不同.這次油價(jià)上升并不是發(fā)生在普遍的物價(jià)暴漲及全球需求過旺背景之下。
答案及解析
1.B【解析】文章的第二句中“Since OPEC agreed to supply—cuts in March，the price of crude oil has jumped to almost$2 a barrel....”，說明油價(jià)上漲是由于石油輸出國組織最近的減少供應(yīng)導(dǎo)致的。故應(yīng)選B。
2.D【解析】文章第三段第二、三句“In most countries the cost of crudeoil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe，…”指出原油價(jià)格只是汽油價(jià)格中的一小部分，以歐洲的例子說明稅收高達(dá)汽油零售價(jià)的五分之四，所以汽油稅上升會(huì)造成油價(jià)的大幅度上漲。故應(yīng)選D。
3.D【解析】文章第四段第五句“The OECD estimates in its latest EcOnomic Outlook that.its oil prices averaged$22 a barrel for a full year.…this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25—0.5% of GDP.”說明現(xiàn)在這種情況下，油價(jià)的上漲所帶來的影響只是在0.25—0.5%之間。這表明在富裕國家石油價(jià)格的變化不會(huì)對(duì)GDP(國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值)產(chǎn)生重大影響。故應(yīng)選D。
4.A【解析】文章第三段第一句話“Yet there ale good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the1970s.”表明這次的油價(jià)上漲不會(huì)像以前那樣帶來嚴(yán)重的后果。從文章最后一段“0ne more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that，…”來看，我們不會(huì)為石油價(jià)格的上漲而失眠，也說明了這次的上漲影響不會(huì)很大。故應(yīng)選A。
s.A【解析】文章第三段第一句“Yet there ale good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s,”和第四段第一句都指出“Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were.and SO less sensitive to swings in the oil price.”也就是說各國有很好的理由盼望現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)濟(jì)前景會(huì)比二十世紀(jì)七十年代的情況樂觀。發(fā)達(dá)國家對(duì)石油的依賴性較以前有所下降，因而對(duì)石油價(jià)格變動(dòng)的敏感度也降低，這些都表明作者是持有樂觀態(tài)度的。故應(yīng)選A。