2016成人高考英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo):語(yǔ)法知識(shí)指導(dǎo)(代詞3)

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內(nèi) 容 提 要
    代詞分人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、不定代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞和連接代詞,它們?cè)诰渥又谐袚?dān)不同的功用。
    反 身 代 詞
    一、反身代詞有myself, ourselves, yourselves, himself, herself, themselves, itself。主語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)為同一人或物時(shí),要用反身代詞(否則就不能用反身代詞),反身代詞也可放在名詞或代詞(主格)后面(也可放在句尾)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用
    1) All [A] the scouts(童子軍) got theirselves [B] ready for the [C] long camping trip by spending their weekends living [D] in the open.
    2) Various [A] animals have shells that keep themselves [B] from growing beyond [C] a certain [D] size.
    3) Benjamin Banneker’s aptitude [A] in mathematics [B] and knowledge of astronomy enabled himself [C] to predict the solar [D] eclipse of 1789.
    4) The president announced that he himself [A] would act upon [B] the evidence as presented [C] to himself [D] by the congressional committee.
    5) Garrett [A] Morgan died in Cleveland, Ohio, the city that [A] had awarded himself [B] a gold medal for his devotion [C] to public [D] safety.
    6) Plants rid them [A] of excess water through [B] transpiration, the evaporation of extra [C] moisture from their [D] leaves.
    7) When Jonathan went [A] to Spain with his [B] sister, he bought a [C] leather coat for her and another for him [D] .
    二、例題解析
    1) B錯(cuò)。 改為themselves。
    2) B錯(cuò)。B處明顯指代animals,而它前面的主語(yǔ)that卻指代shells,也就是說(shuō)“that”和“themselves”指的不是同一事物。由于主語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)不是同一物,故不能用反身代詞,應(yīng)改為賓格them。
    3) C錯(cuò)。本句的主語(yǔ)為aptitude,而非Benjamin Banneker(在這里它作aptitude的定語(yǔ)),而C處的代詞卻指上文提到的人名“Benjamin Banneker”,由于主語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)并非指同一人,故不能用反身代詞,應(yīng)改用賓格him。
    4) D錯(cuò)。 改為to him。動(dòng)詞“presented”的(邏輯)主語(yǔ)是“evidence”,而不是A處的“he,”所以D“himself”處與C處“presented”的主語(yǔ)“evidence”不一致,所以不能用反身代詞。
    5) B錯(cuò)。 改為him。同上。
    6) A錯(cuò)。此處的them指主語(yǔ)plants,rid是及物動(dòng)詞,由于主語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)指同一物,故應(yīng)使用反身代詞themselves。
    7) D錯(cuò)。 改為for himself。
    成人高考英語(yǔ)科目的練習(xí)題應(yīng)該認(rèn)真地過(guò)幾遍,千萬(wàn)不能隨便看一下然后就看答案。比較好的方法是在做真題時(shí)嚴(yán)格按照考試時(shí)間進(jìn)行檢測(cè),然后細(xì)致分析研究,即使不嚴(yán)格按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間也要用心去體會(huì)出題風(fēng)格,只有適應(yīng)了出題風(fēng)格,做題的正確率才能提高。此外,可以留幾套題到考前再練。平時(shí)則可以多讀讀這些文章,能夠更好地培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感。