一、名詞性從句的基本概念
在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞性從句,包括作主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。
(1)主語從句
就是在復(fù)合句中作主語的從句。主語從句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引導(dǎo)。如:
Whether he will be able to come remains a question. 他是否來還是問題。
That China is a great socialist country is well known. 眾所周知,中國是一個偉大的社會主義國家。
注:為避免頭重腳輕,使句子平衡,常用it作形式主語,而將主語從句后置。如上述第二例常說成:
It is well known that China is a great socialist country.
但是,由連接代詞what, whatever, whoever等引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般不能用形式主語。如:
What he found surprised me greatly. 他的發(fā)現(xiàn)使我非常吃驚。
Whoever is finished may rest. 凡是做完工的人都可以休息。
(2)表語從句
就是在連系動詞之后作表語的從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接除與引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞外,還有as if, as though。如:
The question is whether he is able to do it alone. 問題是他能否單獨(dú)做這件事。
It looks as if (though) it is going to snow. 天好像要下雪似的。
注意:要區(qū)分以下句式:
1. that’s why+結(jié)果;that’s because+原因。2. the reason why /for…is that…
He is absent. That’s because he is ill. 他缺席,這是因?yàn)樗×恕?BR> He is ill. That’s why he is absent. 他病了,這就是他缺席的原因。
The reason why he is absent is that he is ill. 他缺席的原因是他生病了。
在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞性從句,包括作主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。
(1)主語從句
就是在復(fù)合句中作主語的從句。主語從句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引導(dǎo)。如:
Whether he will be able to come remains a question. 他是否來還是問題。
That China is a great socialist country is well known. 眾所周知,中國是一個偉大的社會主義國家。
注:為避免頭重腳輕,使句子平衡,常用it作形式主語,而將主語從句后置。如上述第二例常說成:
It is well known that China is a great socialist country.
但是,由連接代詞what, whatever, whoever等引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般不能用形式主語。如:
What he found surprised me greatly. 他的發(fā)現(xiàn)使我非常吃驚。
Whoever is finished may rest. 凡是做完工的人都可以休息。
(2)表語從句
就是在連系動詞之后作表語的從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接除與引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞外,還有as if, as though。如:
The question is whether he is able to do it alone. 問題是他能否單獨(dú)做這件事。
It looks as if (though) it is going to snow. 天好像要下雪似的。
注意:要區(qū)分以下句式:
1. that’s why+結(jié)果;that’s because+原因。2. the reason why /for…is that…
He is absent. That’s because he is ill. 他缺席,這是因?yàn)樗×恕?BR> He is ill. That’s why he is absent. 他病了,這就是他缺席的原因。
The reason why he is absent is that he is ill. 他缺席的原因是他生病了。