高一英語聽力練習(xí):名詞性從句基礎(chǔ)

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一、名詞性從句的基本概念
    在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞性從句,包括作主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。
    (1)主語從句
    就是在復(fù)合句中作主語的從句。主語從句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引導(dǎo)。如:
    Whether he will be able to come remains a question. 他是否來還是問題。
    That China is a great socialist country is well known. 眾所周知,中國是一個偉大的社會主義國家。
    注:為避免頭重腳輕,使句子平衡,常用it作形式主語,而將主語從句后置。如上述第二例常說成:
    It is well known that China is a great socialist country.
    但是,由連接代詞what, whatever, whoever等引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般不能用形式主語。如:
    What he found surprised me greatly. 他的發(fā)現(xiàn)使我非常吃驚。
    Whoever is finished may rest. 凡是做完工的人都可以休息。
    (2)表語從句
    就是在連系動詞之后作表語的從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接除與引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞外,還有as if, as though。如:
    The question is whether he is able to do it alone. 問題是他能否單獨(dú)做這件事。
    It looks as if (though) it is going to snow. 天好像要下雪似的。
    注意:要區(qū)分以下句式:
    1. that’s why+結(jié)果;that’s because+原因。2. the reason why /for…is that…
    He is absent. That’s because he is ill. 他缺席,這是因?yàn)樗×恕?BR>    He is ill. That’s why he is absent. 他病了,這就是他缺席的原因。
    The reason why he is absent is that he is ill. 他缺席的原因是他生病了。