2016年英語四級考試語法復習要點:動詞

字號:

Ⅰ動詞(時態(tài),語態(tài),用法,省略,一致性等)
    時態(tài)
    1)現在完成進行時態(tài) (have/has been + -ing 分詞構成): 動作或狀態(tài)從過去某時開始,繼續(xù)到現在,可能繼續(xù)下去,也可能剛剛結束.
    I’ve been writing letters for an hour.
    I’ve been sitting in the garden.
    2)過去完成進行時(由had been + ing分詞構成): 過去某個時刻以前一直在進行的動作
    I’d been working for some time when he called.
    We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.
    3)將來完成進行時: 將來某個時刻以前一直在進行的動作.
    By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.
    In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years.
    4)將來完成時(由shall/will have + 過去分詞構成): 將來某時已發(fā)生的事.
    I shall have finished this one before lunch.
    They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.
    語態(tài)
    可以有兩種被動結構的類型,例如:
    He was said to be jealous of her success.
    It was said that he was jealous of her success.
    能同時適用于上述兩個句型的主動詞通常都是表示“估計”,“相信”等意義的動詞,常見的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.