新概念英語第一冊(cè)第142課課文重難點(diǎn)詳解 further notes on the text
1．my four-year-old daughter 我那4歲的女兒
four-year-old 是名詞 daughter的定語。各詞用連字符連在一起，構(gòu)成一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞。注意在這個(gè)復(fù)合詞中僅用 year，而不用復(fù)數(shù)：
a thirteen-year-old girl 一個(gè)13歲的姑娘
2．… sally was invited to a children's party. ……薩莉被邀請(qǐng)去參加一個(gè)兒童聚會(huì)。
這是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的例子。在英文中，如果想避免用含混不清的詞（如 someone等）作主語，常常可使用被動(dòng)詞態(tài)。（具體請(qǐng)參見本課語法部分。）被動(dòng)語態(tài)由相應(yīng)的be動(dòng)詞加上過去分詞構(gòu)成：
it is repaired regularly.
它定期修理。
they are corrected regularly.
它們得到了定期校正。
he was met at the station this morning.
今早有人在車站接他。
3．a(chǎn) middle-aged lady 一位中年女士
middle-aged是一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞，由名詞+過去分詞構(gòu)成。又如：
hand-made 手工制作的
4．opposite sally 在薩莉的對(duì)面
這是介詞短語，作狀語，表示sat的具體情況。
5．take out 拿出
6．make up her face 往她的臉上化妝
make up意為“化妝”、“打扮”（指擦胭脂、抹粉）。
7．to make myself beautiful … 把自己打扮漂亮……
這是一個(gè)省略句，句首省略了i am doing that，而只留下這個(gè)作目的狀語的動(dòng)詞不定式短語。
8．put away 收拾好，儲(chǔ)存?zhèn)溆?BR> 新概念英語第一冊(cè)第142課語法知識(shí)點(diǎn) grammar in use
被動(dòng)語態(tài)（1）
英語動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)之分。在主動(dòng)句中，動(dòng)詞的主語是執(zhí)行動(dòng)作的人或物。在被動(dòng)句中，主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。
在英語中被動(dòng)詞態(tài)用得很普遍，這樣做可以避免用不明確的詞作主語，或是將說話的重點(diǎn)放在事件而不是造成該事件的人或物上。
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成： be +過去分詞。
過去分詞不一定指過去。請(qǐng)看例句：
（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式： am/are/is +過去分詞：
the room is aired regularly.
這個(gè)房間定期通風(fēng)。
the knives are sharpened regularly.
刀定期磨。
（2）一般過去時(shí)形式： was/were +過去分詞：
she was dressed in red.
她身穿紅色衣服。
the windows were opened this morning.
窗戶今早是開著的／被打開了。
（3）英語中表達(dá)感情的動(dòng)詞通?？捎糜诒粍?dòng)式，這些動(dòng)詞如
amuse, embarrass, worry, surprise, interest, upset等：
she is embarrassed.
她感到尷尬。
they were worried.
他們感到擔(dān)憂。
新概念英語第一冊(cè)第142課詞匯學(xué)習(xí) word study
1．embarrassed adj.
（1）尷尬的；局促不安的：
he felt so embarrassed at that moment.
在那一刻，他感到如此尷尬。
the girl was very embarrassed to speak in front of so many strangers.
在如此之多的陌生人面前講話，那個(gè)女孩子很是局促不安。
（2）陷入困境的；拮據(jù)的：
he was financially embarrassed.
他經(jīng)濟(jì)上陷入了困境。
he says that he is embarrassed at the moment, but he will be able to pay you next month.
他說他目前手頭緊，但下個(gè)月就可以付錢給你。
2．curiously adv.
（1）好奇地：
the little boy watched curiously as his mum opened the box.
那個(gè)小男孩好奇地看著他媽媽打開盒子。
（2）過于好奇地：
she curiously opened the letter addressed to her husband.
她抑制不住好奇心，拆開了別人寫給她丈夫的信。
3．kindly adv.
（1）和藹地；親切地：
he treats the children kindly.
他待孩子們和藹而仁慈。
the old man greeted us kindly.
那位老人親切地招呼我們。
（2）請(qǐng)（=please，有時(shí)表示客氣，有時(shí)表示不滿等）：
will you kindly leave the room?
請(qǐng)你離開這房間好嗎？
kindly acknowledge this letter.
此信收到后請(qǐng)告知。
（3）樂意地；感謝地：
he never takes criticism kindly.
他從不樂于接受批評(píng)。
新概念英語第一冊(cè)第142課課后練習(xí)答案：
a
1 sally is four years old.
2 because sally had never travelled on a train before.
3 she sat near the window.
4 a middle-aged lady got on the train.
5 the lady was dressed in a blue coat and a large, funny hat.
6 she opened her handbag and took out her powder compact.
then she began to make up her face.
7 because she wanted to make herself beautiful.
8 no, she didn't.
b
1 someone airs it regularly. it is aired regularly.
2 someone cleans them regularly. they are cleaned regularly.
3 someone empties it regularly. it is emptied regularly.
4 someone sharpens it regularly. it is sharpened regularly.
5 someone turns them on regularly. they are turned on regularly.
6 someone waters them regularly. they are watered regularly.
7 someone repairs it regularly. it is repaired regularly.
8 someone dusts it regularly. it is dusted regularly.
9 someone corrects them regularly. they are corrected regularly.
10 someone shuts it regularly. it is shut regularly.
c
1 someone watered them. they were watered this morning.
2 someone repaired it. it was repaired this morning.
3 someone dusted it. it was dusted this morning.
4 someone corrected them. they were corrected this morning.
5 someone shut it. it was shut this morning.
6 someone bought them. they were bought this morning.
7 someone swept it. it was swept this morning.
8 someone took them to school. they were taken to school this morning.
9 someone met them at the station. they were met at the station this morning.
10 someone told them. they were told this morning.
1．my four-year-old daughter 我那4歲的女兒
four-year-old 是名詞 daughter的定語。各詞用連字符連在一起，構(gòu)成一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞。注意在這個(gè)復(fù)合詞中僅用 year，而不用復(fù)數(shù)：
a thirteen-year-old girl 一個(gè)13歲的姑娘
2．… sally was invited to a children's party. ……薩莉被邀請(qǐng)去參加一個(gè)兒童聚會(huì)。
這是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的例子。在英文中，如果想避免用含混不清的詞（如 someone等）作主語，常常可使用被動(dòng)詞態(tài)。（具體請(qǐng)參見本課語法部分。）被動(dòng)語態(tài)由相應(yīng)的be動(dòng)詞加上過去分詞構(gòu)成：
it is repaired regularly.
它定期修理。
they are corrected regularly.
它們得到了定期校正。
he was met at the station this morning.
今早有人在車站接他。
3．a(chǎn) middle-aged lady 一位中年女士
middle-aged是一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞，由名詞+過去分詞構(gòu)成。又如：
hand-made 手工制作的
4．opposite sally 在薩莉的對(duì)面
這是介詞短語，作狀語，表示sat的具體情況。
5．take out 拿出
6．make up her face 往她的臉上化妝
make up意為“化妝”、“打扮”（指擦胭脂、抹粉）。
7．to make myself beautiful … 把自己打扮漂亮……
這是一個(gè)省略句，句首省略了i am doing that，而只留下這個(gè)作目的狀語的動(dòng)詞不定式短語。
8．put away 收拾好，儲(chǔ)存?zhèn)溆?BR> 新概念英語第一冊(cè)第142課語法知識(shí)點(diǎn) grammar in use
被動(dòng)語態(tài)（1）
英語動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)之分。在主動(dòng)句中，動(dòng)詞的主語是執(zhí)行動(dòng)作的人或物。在被動(dòng)句中，主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。
在英語中被動(dòng)詞態(tài)用得很普遍，這樣做可以避免用不明確的詞作主語，或是將說話的重點(diǎn)放在事件而不是造成該事件的人或物上。
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成： be +過去分詞。
過去分詞不一定指過去。請(qǐng)看例句：
（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式： am/are/is +過去分詞：
the room is aired regularly.
這個(gè)房間定期通風(fēng)。
the knives are sharpened regularly.
刀定期磨。
（2）一般過去時(shí)形式： was/were +過去分詞：
she was dressed in red.
她身穿紅色衣服。
the windows were opened this morning.
窗戶今早是開著的／被打開了。
（3）英語中表達(dá)感情的動(dòng)詞通?？捎糜诒粍?dòng)式，這些動(dòng)詞如
amuse, embarrass, worry, surprise, interest, upset等：
she is embarrassed.
她感到尷尬。
they were worried.
他們感到擔(dān)憂。
新概念英語第一冊(cè)第142課詞匯學(xué)習(xí) word study
1．embarrassed adj.
（1）尷尬的；局促不安的：
he felt so embarrassed at that moment.
在那一刻，他感到如此尷尬。
the girl was very embarrassed to speak in front of so many strangers.
在如此之多的陌生人面前講話，那個(gè)女孩子很是局促不安。
（2）陷入困境的；拮據(jù)的：
he was financially embarrassed.
他經(jīng)濟(jì)上陷入了困境。
he says that he is embarrassed at the moment, but he will be able to pay you next month.
他說他目前手頭緊，但下個(gè)月就可以付錢給你。
2．curiously adv.
（1）好奇地：
the little boy watched curiously as his mum opened the box.
那個(gè)小男孩好奇地看著他媽媽打開盒子。
（2）過于好奇地：
she curiously opened the letter addressed to her husband.
她抑制不住好奇心，拆開了別人寫給她丈夫的信。
3．kindly adv.
（1）和藹地；親切地：
he treats the children kindly.
他待孩子們和藹而仁慈。
the old man greeted us kindly.
那位老人親切地招呼我們。
（2）請(qǐng)（=please，有時(shí)表示客氣，有時(shí)表示不滿等）：
will you kindly leave the room?
請(qǐng)你離開這房間好嗎？
kindly acknowledge this letter.
此信收到后請(qǐng)告知。
（3）樂意地；感謝地：
he never takes criticism kindly.
他從不樂于接受批評(píng)。
新概念英語第一冊(cè)第142課課后練習(xí)答案：
a
1 sally is four years old.
2 because sally had never travelled on a train before.
3 she sat near the window.
4 a middle-aged lady got on the train.
5 the lady was dressed in a blue coat and a large, funny hat.
6 she opened her handbag and took out her powder compact.
then she began to make up her face.
7 because she wanted to make herself beautiful.
8 no, she didn't.
b
1 someone airs it regularly. it is aired regularly.
2 someone cleans them regularly. they are cleaned regularly.
3 someone empties it regularly. it is emptied regularly.
4 someone sharpens it regularly. it is sharpened regularly.
5 someone turns them on regularly. they are turned on regularly.
6 someone waters them regularly. they are watered regularly.
7 someone repairs it regularly. it is repaired regularly.
8 someone dusts it regularly. it is dusted regularly.
9 someone corrects them regularly. they are corrected regularly.
10 someone shuts it regularly. it is shut regularly.
c
1 someone watered them. they were watered this morning.
2 someone repaired it. it was repaired this morning.
3 someone dusted it. it was dusted this morning.
4 someone corrected them. they were corrected this morning.
5 someone shut it. it was shut this morning.
6 someone bought them. they were bought this morning.
7 someone swept it. it was swept this morning.
8 someone took them to school. they were taken to school this morning.
9 someone met them at the station. they were met at the station this morning.
10 someone told them. they were told this morning.