Persistent 糾纏不休-新概念英語第二冊自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀筆記第68課

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新概念英語第二冊第68課課文重難點(diǎn) further notes on the text
    1.i crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. 我穿過馬路以便避開他,但他看到我并朝我跑過來。
    (1)avoid 以及本課中出現(xiàn)的 enjoy, fancy, mind, finish等動詞后面只跟名詞性的賓語,即只跟名詞或動名詞:
    they managed to avoid a car crash/crashing their car into the wall.他們設(shè)法躲過了一起汽車撞車事故/避免了將車撞在墻上。
    (2)running 引導(dǎo)的是分詞短語,作狀語,修飾 came,表示伴隨狀況:
    she ran after the thief shouting out for help.她一邊追趕小偷,一邊大聲喊叫求助。
    2.it was no use pretending that i had not seen him…若再裝做沒看見他已是沒有用了……
    這句話中,it是先行主語,真正的主語是 pretending 引導(dǎo)的動名詞短語。it is (of) no use doing…是個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)(其中的 of可省略),表示"做……也是徒勞的/無益的":
    it is (of) no use worrying about your family.為你的家人擔(dān)心是無益的。
    3.no matter how busy you are…不管你多忙……
    no matter可與疑問詞 (how, who, when, where, what等)一起引導(dǎo)讓步從句,表示"無論":
    no matter where you go, you can't forget your home.無論你到哪里,都無法忘記自己的家。
    no matter what i say, i seem to say the wrong thing.無論我說什么,都似乎說得不當(dāng)。
    4.i had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning. 我得想辦法不讓他整個(gè)上午纏著我。
    think of在這里的含義是"想出", way在這里表示"辦法", a way of后面的部分用于修飾 way。prevent表示"阻止/制止"時(shí)其常用結(jié)構(gòu)為 prevent sb. from doing sth., from可以省略:
    i can't prevent you from going if you want to.你如果想去,我無法阻止。
    5.you're not busy doing anything, are you? 你不忙,是吧?
    這是一個(gè)附加疑問句,又稱反意疑問句,是由陳述句后面加簡略疑問句構(gòu)成。陳述句如果是肯定的,則附加疑問句通常用否定形式;陳述句如果是否定的,則附加的疑問句用肯定形式。陳述句中有助動詞時(shí),附加疑問句重復(fù)其中的助動詞;如果沒有,則用do的各種形式構(gòu)成:
    john was angry, wasn't he?約翰生氣了,不是嗎?(肯定式+否定式)
    he hasn't left, has he?他沒走,是嗎?(否定式+肯定式)
    i can see him, can't i?我可以見他,不是嗎?(情態(tài)助動詞作助動詞)
    you like it, don't you?你喜歡它,不是嗎?(沒有助動詞時(shí)加do)
    6.would you mind my coming with you? 我跟你一道去行嗎?
    (1)would/ do you mind…? 是一個(gè)用來表示客氣的請求或征求意見的結(jié)構(gòu),其中可以用if引導(dǎo)的從句或動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)。表示"同意/不介意"時(shí),用"no, not at all"或"certainly not"來回答;不同意時(shí)往往用一些委婉的說法,如" i'm sorry, but…"等回答,不用"yes, i do":
    (2)如果動名詞的動作執(zhí)行者與句子的主語不一致時(shí),它前面可以加所有格形容詞或賓格代詞,作為動名詞的邏輯主語(cf. 本課語法):
    i hope you won't mind my staying here.我希望你不介意我呆在這兒。
    新概念英語第二冊第68課語法知識點(diǎn) grammar in use
    動名詞的一些用法
    (1)在第20課的語法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了動名詞的基本形式和作用,在第44課的語法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了動名詞用于某些短語動詞
    (look forward to, be used to等)之后、一些表示喜好的動詞(hate, love, prefer等)之后不定式與動名詞的區(qū)別以及 need 和want之后動名詞的用法等:
    i like watching tv.我喜歡看電視。(一般行為)
    i'd like to watch tv.我(現(xiàn)在)想看電視。(特定)
    the strap needs mending.這提包帶需要修理。(動名詞在這里有被動的含義)
    (2)有些動詞后可以用動名詞作賓語,但不能用不定式。這些動詞包括 avoid, admit, deny, fancy, finish, enjoy, mind(在乎,在意),suggest, stand(容忍)等:
    i tried to avoid meeting him.我試圖避開他。
    i never enjoy meeting nigel dykes.我就怕遇到奈杰爾·戴克斯。
    i haven't finished speaking yet.我還沒有說完。
    (3)有些結(jié)構(gòu)通常要接動名詞,如 busy, worth, it is no/little use, bored with, interested in, insist on, prevent…from等:
    i'm busy making meat pies.我正忙著做肉餡餅。
    a lancaster bomber in reasonable condition is worth rescuing.一架狀況尚好的蘭開斯特轟炸機(jī)值得搶救。
    he insisted on paying.他堅(jiān)持要付錢。
    i'm interested in acting.我對表演感興趣。
    (4)動名詞可以有自己的邏輯主語(即動作執(zhí)行者,而不是句子的主語):
    he insisted on my paying the bill.他堅(jiān)持要我付賬。
    i don't think the children enjoy your/his/john's singing.我不認(rèn)為孩子們喜歡你/他/約翰唱的歌。
    please excuse his not writing to you.請?jiān)徦麤]有給你寫信。
    do you mind my smoking?我可以抽煙嗎?
    do you mind opening/my opening the door?你/我可以開門嗎?
    (5)come和go之后可以跟與戶外活動相關(guān)的動名詞(climbing, driving, fishing, riding, shopping, walking等),表示建議、邀請或敘事:
    why don't we go swimming?為什么我們不去游泳呢?
    come dancing this evening.今晚來跳舞吧。
    yesterday we went fishing.昨天我們?nèi)メ烎~了。
    (6)感知動詞(hear, see, feel, watch等)后面既可以跟賓語加分詞結(jié)構(gòu),也可以跟賓語加不帶to的不定式。現(xiàn)在分詞往往強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在發(fā)生,用于敘述中時(shí)使人身臨其境;不定式則可以表示動作發(fā)生了或過程結(jié)束了。有時(shí)它們之間的區(qū)別不大,可以互相替換使用。試比較:
    i watched him climb/climbing the tree.我看到他爬樹了。(區(qū)別不大)
    新概念英語第二冊第68課詞匯學(xué)習(xí) word study
    1.fancy vt.
    (1)設(shè)想,想像:
    fancy meeting you here!想不到在這兒見到你!
    fancy ian not knowing the answer to such an easy question!真想不到伊恩竟會不知道如何回答這樣一個(gè)簡單的問題!
    (2)想要,喜歡(往往用于指個(gè)人愛好):
    i don't fancy going for a walk in the rain.我不愛在雨中散步。
    it's a fine day and i fancy driving down to the coast.天氣真好,我想開車去海邊。
    2.insist vt.,vi.
    (1)堅(jiān)持,堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為:
    he insisted that he was right.他堅(jiān)持他是對的。
    he insists on the importance of the meeting.他強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)會議的重要性。
    (2)堅(jiān)決主張/要求,一定要:
    i insist on speaking to the manager.我堅(jiān)決要求/一定要與經(jīng)理談話。
    my wife insists that i (should) have my hair cut.我妻子執(zhí)意要我理發(fā)。
    新概念英語第二冊第68課課后練習(xí)答案 key to written exercises
    1.關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案
    c (sample sentences)
    1 it's no use trying to reason with him.
    2 let's go swimming.
    3 forgive my interrupting you.
    4 do you deny having taken/taking the money?
    5 he came rushing towards me.
    6 i'm busy writing letters.
    7 i always enjoy going to the cinema.
    8 would you mind closing the door, please?
    2.多項(xiàng)選擇題答案
    1b 2b 3c 4d 5b 6b
    7b 8c 9c 10 c 11a 12a