單項選擇題
1、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Business Meetings
It is important that ideas anD suggestions tableD at formal meetings are voiceD at the (0)..D..．time．This is achieveD by keeping to the (19).....． shown on the agenda．For example, there is no (20).....． in discussing ideas to do with Item Six on the agendA．when Item Two has not yet been (21).....． Such deviations from the agendA．may (22)......． in confusion among the people at the meeting; they may also (23).....． concentration if they see something as irrelevant.
To make certain that the meeting proceeds in an orderly fashion, it is therefore useful to(24) .....．some grounD rules．First, everyone will neeD to understanD that they must(25) .....．their comments to the topiC．under discussion．The Chair can then encourage one person to speak at A．(26) .....．so that any ideas offereD can be discusseD anD (27)Once that person has finished, someone else can put (28)....． their ideas anD so on．If this procedure is adopted, the participants will be able to follow the various issues in A．consistent manner, which will help with the decision-making (29)....． later on．It will also (30).....that the quiet people at meetings get A．chance to (31)....． their say, rather than just their more outspoken colleagues．In (32).....． it is often the quiet people at meetings who generate the best ideas, because they are in the (33).....． of thinking before they speak.
（19）應選
A．structure
B．direction
C．order
D．a(chǎn)rrangemer
2、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Setting up an Appraisal Scheme
Appraisals can be a wonderful opportunity for your staff to focus on their jobs and make plans to develop their unused potential. (0)....G...So, if you have decided that an appraisal scheme should be set up in your company, you need to establish some formal procedures and make some decisions before you begin. Even if your company already has a scheme, you need to consider what you want to achieve and how you are going to do this.
First of all, you need to decide on your key objectives and the real purpose of your scheme.(8) A scheme should never be introduced at a time of redundancies, or simply for profit or competitive edge, because this will create fear and alienate staff. The next step is to decide how the scheme can most successfully be managed, It is essential that all senior staff are committed to the process and willing to make a positive contribution.
The person given responsibility for designing the scheme and the appraisal forms needs to have knowledge of all roles within the organization. He or she must also be aware of
employees' potential needs.(9) He or she should be someone who is trusted and whom staff will turn to if they are concerned about their appointed appraiser or the appraisal interview. The design of the scheme should indicate who will be appraising whom. This needs great tact and sensitivity. First, remember that no manager can effectively appraise more than seven or eight people. It is equally important to remember that, if significant numbers of staff are appraised by someone they dislike, or by a person whose values they do not share, the success of your scheme may be threatened. (10) So bear this in mind from the beginning and, if necessary, establish an appeals procedure.
Having decided on your policy and who will appraise which members of staff, you need to communicate this in the simplest possible way. Avoid lengthy documents - few people will read them. (11) Most organizations choose a person's line manager to be the appraiser. This can be seen as an opportunity or a threat, so be ready to consider alternatives if necessary.
Once you have established the appraisal process, make sure that appraisal interviews take place at a convenient time, and ideally on neutral ground. It should be borne in mind that some appraisals may involve the disclosure of confidential information. (12) These will show the decisions that were taken during the interview and will also indicate any new performance targets that have been agreed.
A．It is important to select a manager who can deal effectively with any suspicions staff may have about appraisals.
B．Such a measure can also reduce insecurity and unite staff in recognizing the positive elements of appraisal.
C．Having even one staff member in such a position may affect how others respond to the process.
D．Ideally, this should be to provide a supportive framework that aids staff development.
E．Simply make sure that staff know who will appraise them and why, and what form the interview will take.
F．It is therefore important to decide who will have access to written records of the appraisal.
G．They can also be a means of getting the pest out ot start, both as individuals, and as team members.
(8)應選
3、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Getting the Most out of Meetings
One aspect of business life which many managers are unhappy with is the need to attend meetings. Research indicates that managers will spend between a third and a half of their working lives in meetings. Although most managers would agree that it is hard to think of an alternative to meetings, as a means of considering information and making collective decisions, their length and frequency can cause problems with the workload of even the best-organized executives.
Meetings work best if they take place only when necessary and not as a matter of routine. One example of this is the discussion of personal or career matters between members of staff and their line and personnel managers. Another is during the early stages of a project when the team managing it needs to learn to understand and trust one another.
Once it has been decided that a meeting is necessary, decisions need to be taken about who will attend and about the location and length of the meeting. People should only be invited
to attend if they are directly involved in the matters under discussion and the agenda should be distributed well in advance. An agenda is vital because it acts as a road map to keep discussion focused and within the time limit allocated. This is also the responsibility of the person chairing the meeting, who should encourage those who say little to speak and stop those who have a great deal to say from talking too. much.
At the end of a well organized meeting, people will feel that the meeting has been a success and be pleased they were invited. They will know not only what decisions were made but also the reasons for these decisions. Unfortunately, at the end of a badly organized meeting those present will leave feeling that they have wasted their time and that nothing worthwhile has been achieved.
Much thought has been given over the years to ways of keeping meetings short. One man who has no intention of spending half his working life in meetings is Roland Winterson, chief executive of a large manufacturing company. He believes that meetings should be short, sharp and infrequent. "1 try to hold no more than two or three meetings a week, attended by a maximum of three people for no longer than half an hour," he says. "They are clearly aimed at achieving a specific objective, such as making a decision or planning a statement, and are based on careful preparation. I draw up the agenda for every meeting and circulate it in advance; those amending are expected to study it carefully and should be prepared to both ask and answer questions. Managers are best employed carrying out tasks directly connected with their jobs not attending endless meetings. In business, time is money and spending it in needless meetings that don't achieve anything can be very costly. Executives should follow the example of lawyers and put a cost on each hour of their time and then decide whether attending a long meeting really is the best way to spend their time."
What do most managers think about meetings?
A． Meetings take up most of their working life.
B． Meetings allow them to monitor decision-making.
C． Meetings prevent them from establishing a routine.
D． Meetings are the only way they know of achieving certain objectives.
4、根據(jù)下面內(nèi)容，回答題
Although globalization may, in some senses, have brought national economies closer together, societies around the world still have radically different expectations, processes and standards．These are not a function of economic change, but are more deep-rooted and difficult to alter．They can be a major problem for businesses expanding abroad, with the greatest obstacle of all being the language barrier．If you have to deal with clients, suppliers and distributors in a range of countries, you will not only need the skills to communicate with them, you will also need to reconcile any national biases you have with the diverse ways of doing business that exist around the globe.
The value of effective communication is not to be underestimated．New technology such as video-conferencing and email has played a part in making the communication process easier and it may also be possible that the introduction of language interpretation software will help with some global communications problems．But, of course, it is the human element of the communication process that is so vital in business, especially in negotiations, presentations and team-building．It is essential for managers to meet regularly with staff, customers and partners, so that issues can be discussed, messages communicated and feedback obtained．The value of well-organized language training is immense, and can bring benefits to all levels and departments within a multinational organization．Unfortunately, however, many organizations have a very narrow view when it comes to training of any kind．Often, an urgent requirement has to be identified before training is authorized．Then, a training company is employed or a programme is developed in-house, the team is trained, and that is seen as the end of the matter．However, the fact remains that training programmes are effective only if they are relevant to a company's broader, long-term needs．They should be regarded as an investment rather than a cost.
Changes in expectations and attitudes are certain to continue for companies that trade globally．Although such companies are not yet faced with their international partners and clients demanding that business be conducted in their mother tongue, they realize that overseas competition is increasingly fast．If these companies want to continue to achieve success on the international trading circuit, they must be prepared to adapt to situations and speak the local language．If not, someone else will.
According to the first paragraph, improved communications have enabled companies to_______
A．offer a wider variety of products and services
B．expand beyond their domestic markets
C．perform better than their international competitors
D．open more manufacturing facilities abroad
填空題
5、
For most managers of small and medium-sized enterprises, the job of searching for, interviewing and selecting staff is difficult and time-consuming. ___(0) G___. Interviewing, for example, is a highly skilled activity in itself.
“We have found the whole process very hard,” says Dan Baker, founding partner of a PR company. “In seven years we have grown from five to eighteen staff, but we have not found it easy to locate and recruit the right people.” ___(8)___. As Dan Baker explains, “We went to one for out first recruitment drive, but they took a lot of money in advance and didn’t put forward anybody suitable. In the end we had to do it ourselves.”
Most recruitment decisions are based on a pile of CVs, a couple of short interviews and two cautious references. David Rowe, a business psychologist, studied how appointments were made in five small companies. He claims that selection was rarely based in clear criteria. ___(9)___. This kind of approach to recruitment often has unhappy consequences for both employers and new recruits.
Small companies often know what kind of person they are looking for. ___(10)___. According to David Rowe, this means that small company managers themselves have to devote more time and energy to recruitment. It shouldn’t be something that is left to the evenings or weekends.
Many companies start the recruitment process with over-optimistic ideas about the type of person that will fit into their team. “It’s very easy to say you must have the best people in the top positions,” says Alex Jones, managing partner of an executive recruitment company. “But someone who is excellent in one company may not do so well in another environment. ___(11)___. You can never guarantee a successful transfer of skills.”
Whatever the candidate’s qualifications, their personal qualities are just as important since they will have to integrate with existing members of staff. This is where, the recruitment industry argues, they can really help.
According to Alex Jones, “a good recruitment agency will visit your company and ask a lot of questions. ___(12)___. They can ask applicants all sorts of you with a shortlist of people who not only have the skills, but who are likely to fit in with your company’s way of doing things.”
A. A finance director in a big company, for example, will often make a terrible small company finance director because he or she is used to having a team doing the day-to-day jobs.
B. More often than not, the people making the choice prioritized different qualities in candidates or relied on guesswork.
C. Recruitment would seem an obvious task to outsource, but the company’s experience of recruitment agencies was not encouraging.
D. They need paying for that, of course, but you will have them working for you and not for the candidate.
E. They are usually in very specific markets and the problem they face is that recruitment agencies may not really understand the sector.
F. This means that companies cannot spend more than the standard ten minutes interviewing each applicant.
G. Yet few are trained and competent for all aspects of the task.
6、Questions 8-12
·Read this letter to the editor of The Economist.
·Choose the best sentence from the list A-I to fill each of the blanks.
·For each bland (8-12) mark one letter (A-I) on your Answer Sheet.
·Do not mar4 any letter twice.
·One answer has been given as an example.
Sir,
You state on February 13 th that New Mexico has “few natural resources”, ____ example____ In 1991 New Mexico ranked fourth in the United States in production of natural gas, seventh in oil and tenth in non-fuel minerals ____8____ Non-fuel minerals contributed about $ 1 billion and coal $ 509 million.
Taxes from production of fuels and minerals, and lease payments on state lands have been set aside by legislative acts to endow two permanent funds worth about $ 5.65 billion, ____9____ In addition, during fiscal year 1991 , payments to New Mexico from taxes on federal lands were S 108 million, all earmarked for public education.
____10____ About $566 million came from taxes and permanent-fund earnings attributable to oil and gas production. ____11____ Tourism is an important industry in Mew Mexico, yet its economic impact on the public sector is dwarfed by that of mineral production.
New Mexico came through the recent recession in much better shape than most other states. It does not have a deficit. ____12____ States that rely primarily on a sales tax or on an income tax have big problems during economic downturns. Income growth per head in New Mexico averaged 6.1/00 in the year to October 1992-one if the fastest growth rates in the United States.
Charles Chapin
Example: C
A. That it has a broadly based tax structure is an important point.
B. In 1992 it produced more oil than Colorado and Kansas combined.
C. However, the extractive mineral industry in New Mexico is one of the state’s strongest economic forces.
D. During fiscal year 1992 New Mexico raised permanent funds worth about $6.1 billion.
E. The combined value of oil and gas production was $ 2.8 billion.
F. Some 16,000 employees work in the extractive industries and their wages are among the highest of any major industry.
G. The $39 million earned by these funds in 1991 was used to finance education and other public services.
H. Only S 25 million came from agricultural taxes.
I. New Mexico’s extractive mineral industries contribute about a third of the state’s $ 1.9 billion general-fund income in fiscal year 1991.
7、
Questions 17-20
• Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 17-20 with a phrase A-G from the list below.
• For each question 17-20, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.
• Do not use any letter more than once.
17 Most people agree that the recent increase in stress is due to changes in ____________.
18 The trainees are taught that the right level of stress at work is important for good.
19 Trainees learn that one way of limiting stress is by deciding upon.
20 One of the most important parts of the course is learning how to react to___
A levels of performance
B shorter deadlines
C employment practices
D higher levels of sickness
E unfair demands
F successful management structure
G practical targets
簡答題
8、• Read the article below about the winner of a business award .
• In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word . It is either grammatically incorrect or
doesn’t fit in the meaning of the text . Some lines, however, are correct .
• If a line is correct , write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet .
• If there is a extra word in the line , write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTER on your Answer Sheet.
• The exercises begins with two examples , (0) and (00) .
Examples
9、• Read the article below about the winner of a business award .
• In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word . It is either grammatically incorrect or
doesn’t fit in the meaning of the text . Some lines, however, are correct .
• If a line is correct , write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet .
• If there is a extra word in the line , write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTER on your Answer Sheet.
• The exercises begins with two examples , (0) and (00) .
Examples
10、 • Read the article below about the winner of a business award .
• In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word . It is either grammatically incorrect or
doesn’t fit in the meaning of the text . Some lines, however, are correct .
• If a line is correct , write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet .
• If there is a extra word in the line , write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTER on your Answer Sheet.
• The exercises begins with two examples , (0) and (00) .
Examples
1、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Business Meetings
It is important that ideas anD suggestions tableD at formal meetings are voiceD at the (0)..D..．time．This is achieveD by keeping to the (19).....． shown on the agenda．For example, there is no (20).....． in discussing ideas to do with Item Six on the agendA．when Item Two has not yet been (21).....． Such deviations from the agendA．may (22)......． in confusion among the people at the meeting; they may also (23).....． concentration if they see something as irrelevant.
To make certain that the meeting proceeds in an orderly fashion, it is therefore useful to(24) .....．some grounD rules．First, everyone will neeD to understanD that they must(25) .....．their comments to the topiC．under discussion．The Chair can then encourage one person to speak at A．(26) .....．so that any ideas offereD can be discusseD anD (27)Once that person has finished, someone else can put (28)....． their ideas anD so on．If this procedure is adopted, the participants will be able to follow the various issues in A．consistent manner, which will help with the decision-making (29)....． later on．It will also (30).....that the quiet people at meetings get A．chance to (31)....． their say, rather than just their more outspoken colleagues．In (32).....． it is often the quiet people at meetings who generate the best ideas, because they are in the (33).....． of thinking before they speak.
（19）應選
A．structure
B．direction
C．order
D．a(chǎn)rrangemer
2、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Setting up an Appraisal Scheme
Appraisals can be a wonderful opportunity for your staff to focus on their jobs and make plans to develop their unused potential. (0)....G...So, if you have decided that an appraisal scheme should be set up in your company, you need to establish some formal procedures and make some decisions before you begin. Even if your company already has a scheme, you need to consider what you want to achieve and how you are going to do this.
First of all, you need to decide on your key objectives and the real purpose of your scheme.(8) A scheme should never be introduced at a time of redundancies, or simply for profit or competitive edge, because this will create fear and alienate staff. The next step is to decide how the scheme can most successfully be managed, It is essential that all senior staff are committed to the process and willing to make a positive contribution.
The person given responsibility for designing the scheme and the appraisal forms needs to have knowledge of all roles within the organization. He or she must also be aware of
employees' potential needs.(9) He or she should be someone who is trusted and whom staff will turn to if they are concerned about their appointed appraiser or the appraisal interview. The design of the scheme should indicate who will be appraising whom. This needs great tact and sensitivity. First, remember that no manager can effectively appraise more than seven or eight people. It is equally important to remember that, if significant numbers of staff are appraised by someone they dislike, or by a person whose values they do not share, the success of your scheme may be threatened. (10) So bear this in mind from the beginning and, if necessary, establish an appeals procedure.
Having decided on your policy and who will appraise which members of staff, you need to communicate this in the simplest possible way. Avoid lengthy documents - few people will read them. (11) Most organizations choose a person's line manager to be the appraiser. This can be seen as an opportunity or a threat, so be ready to consider alternatives if necessary.
Once you have established the appraisal process, make sure that appraisal interviews take place at a convenient time, and ideally on neutral ground. It should be borne in mind that some appraisals may involve the disclosure of confidential information. (12) These will show the decisions that were taken during the interview and will also indicate any new performance targets that have been agreed.
A．It is important to select a manager who can deal effectively with any suspicions staff may have about appraisals.
B．Such a measure can also reduce insecurity and unite staff in recognizing the positive elements of appraisal.
C．Having even one staff member in such a position may affect how others respond to the process.
D．Ideally, this should be to provide a supportive framework that aids staff development.
E．Simply make sure that staff know who will appraise them and why, and what form the interview will take.
F．It is therefore important to decide who will have access to written records of the appraisal.
G．They can also be a means of getting the pest out ot start, both as individuals, and as team members.
(8)應選
3、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Getting the Most out of Meetings
One aspect of business life which many managers are unhappy with is the need to attend meetings. Research indicates that managers will spend between a third and a half of their working lives in meetings. Although most managers would agree that it is hard to think of an alternative to meetings, as a means of considering information and making collective decisions, their length and frequency can cause problems with the workload of even the best-organized executives.
Meetings work best if they take place only when necessary and not as a matter of routine. One example of this is the discussion of personal or career matters between members of staff and their line and personnel managers. Another is during the early stages of a project when the team managing it needs to learn to understand and trust one another.
Once it has been decided that a meeting is necessary, decisions need to be taken about who will attend and about the location and length of the meeting. People should only be invited
to attend if they are directly involved in the matters under discussion and the agenda should be distributed well in advance. An agenda is vital because it acts as a road map to keep discussion focused and within the time limit allocated. This is also the responsibility of the person chairing the meeting, who should encourage those who say little to speak and stop those who have a great deal to say from talking too. much.
At the end of a well organized meeting, people will feel that the meeting has been a success and be pleased they were invited. They will know not only what decisions were made but also the reasons for these decisions. Unfortunately, at the end of a badly organized meeting those present will leave feeling that they have wasted their time and that nothing worthwhile has been achieved.
Much thought has been given over the years to ways of keeping meetings short. One man who has no intention of spending half his working life in meetings is Roland Winterson, chief executive of a large manufacturing company. He believes that meetings should be short, sharp and infrequent. "1 try to hold no more than two or three meetings a week, attended by a maximum of three people for no longer than half an hour," he says. "They are clearly aimed at achieving a specific objective, such as making a decision or planning a statement, and are based on careful preparation. I draw up the agenda for every meeting and circulate it in advance; those amending are expected to study it carefully and should be prepared to both ask and answer questions. Managers are best employed carrying out tasks directly connected with their jobs not attending endless meetings. In business, time is money and spending it in needless meetings that don't achieve anything can be very costly. Executives should follow the example of lawyers and put a cost on each hour of their time and then decide whether attending a long meeting really is the best way to spend their time."
What do most managers think about meetings?
A． Meetings take up most of their working life.
B． Meetings allow them to monitor decision-making.
C． Meetings prevent them from establishing a routine.
D． Meetings are the only way they know of achieving certain objectives.
4、根據(jù)下面內(nèi)容，回答題
Speaking Your Customers' Language
Modern international trading practices are highlighting the growing importance of language training.
Modern-day business really does transcend national barriers．Thanks to sophisticated IT and communications systems, businesses can now market their products on a truly global scale．The world is indisputably becoming a smaller place, as service and manufacturing companies search the international marketplace for new suppliers and clients．Businesses must, however, be aware that once they expand the area in which they operate, they face increased competition．The standard and quality of their goods become increasingly important in keeping up with competitors．But most of all, it is the service element accompanying the goods which is crucial to a company's success in a particular market．This new philosophy has led to many companies, some of which have even offered products of a lesser quality, gaining success overseas. Although globalization may, in some senses, have brought national economies closer together, societies around the world still have radically different expectations, processes and standards．These are not a function of economic change, but are more deep-rooted and difficult to alter．They can be a major problem for businesses expanding abroad, with the greatest obstacle of all being the language barrier．If you have to deal with clients, suppliers and distributors in a range of countries, you will not only need the skills to communicate with them, you will also need to reconcile any national biases you have with the diverse ways of doing business that exist around the globe.
The value of effective communication is not to be underestimated．New technology such as video-conferencing and email has played a part in making the communication process easier and it may also be possible that the introduction of language interpretation software will help with some global communications problems．But, of course, it is the human element of the communication process that is so vital in business, especially in negotiations, presentations and team-building．It is essential for managers to meet regularly with staff, customers and partners, so that issues can be discussed, messages communicated and feedback obtained．The value of well-organized language training is immense, and can bring benefits to all levels and departments within a multinational organization．Unfortunately, however, many organizations have a very narrow view when it comes to training of any kind．Often, an urgent requirement has to be identified before training is authorized．Then, a training company is employed or a programme is developed in-house, the team is trained, and that is seen as the end of the matter．However, the fact remains that training programmes are effective only if they are relevant to a company's broader, long-term needs．They should be regarded as an investment rather than a cost.
Changes in expectations and attitudes are certain to continue for companies that trade globally．Although such companies are not yet faced with their international partners and clients demanding that business be conducted in their mother tongue, they realize that overseas competition is increasingly fast．If these companies want to continue to achieve success on the international trading circuit, they must be prepared to adapt to situations and speak the local language．If not, someone else will.
According to the first paragraph, improved communications have enabled companies to_______
A．offer a wider variety of products and services
B．expand beyond their domestic markets
C．perform better than their international competitors
D．open more manufacturing facilities abroad
填空題
5、
Finding the right people
When a small company grows, managers must take on many new roles. Besides the day-to-day running of the business, they find themselves responsible for, among other things, relations with outside investors, increased levels of cashflow and, hardest of all, recruitment.For most managers of small and medium-sized enterprises, the job of searching for, interviewing and selecting staff is difficult and time-consuming. ___(0) G___. Interviewing, for example, is a highly skilled activity in itself.
“We have found the whole process very hard,” says Dan Baker, founding partner of a PR company. “In seven years we have grown from five to eighteen staff, but we have not found it easy to locate and recruit the right people.” ___(8)___. As Dan Baker explains, “We went to one for out first recruitment drive, but they took a lot of money in advance and didn’t put forward anybody suitable. In the end we had to do it ourselves.”
Most recruitment decisions are based on a pile of CVs, a couple of short interviews and two cautious references. David Rowe, a business psychologist, studied how appointments were made in five small companies. He claims that selection was rarely based in clear criteria. ___(9)___. This kind of approach to recruitment often has unhappy consequences for both employers and new recruits.
Small companies often know what kind of person they are looking for. ___(10)___. According to David Rowe, this means that small company managers themselves have to devote more time and energy to recruitment. It shouldn’t be something that is left to the evenings or weekends.
Many companies start the recruitment process with over-optimistic ideas about the type of person that will fit into their team. “It’s very easy to say you must have the best people in the top positions,” says Alex Jones, managing partner of an executive recruitment company. “But someone who is excellent in one company may not do so well in another environment. ___(11)___. You can never guarantee a successful transfer of skills.”
Whatever the candidate’s qualifications, their personal qualities are just as important since they will have to integrate with existing members of staff. This is where, the recruitment industry argues, they can really help.
According to Alex Jones, “a good recruitment agency will visit your company and ask a lot of questions. ___(12)___. They can ask applicants all sorts of you with a shortlist of people who not only have the skills, but who are likely to fit in with your company’s way of doing things.”
A. A finance director in a big company, for example, will often make a terrible small company finance director because he or she is used to having a team doing the day-to-day jobs.
B. More often than not, the people making the choice prioritized different qualities in candidates or relied on guesswork.
C. Recruitment would seem an obvious task to outsource, but the company’s experience of recruitment agencies was not encouraging.
D. They need paying for that, of course, but you will have them working for you and not for the candidate.
E. They are usually in very specific markets and the problem they face is that recruitment agencies may not really understand the sector.
F. This means that companies cannot spend more than the standard ten minutes interviewing each applicant.
G. Yet few are trained and competent for all aspects of the task.
6、Questions 8-12
·Read this letter to the editor of The Economist.
·Choose the best sentence from the list A-I to fill each of the blanks.
·For each bland (8-12) mark one letter (A-I) on your Answer Sheet.
·Do not mar4 any letter twice.
·One answer has been given as an example.
Sir,
You state on February 13 th that New Mexico has “few natural resources”, ____ example____ In 1991 New Mexico ranked fourth in the United States in production of natural gas, seventh in oil and tenth in non-fuel minerals ____8____ Non-fuel minerals contributed about $ 1 billion and coal $ 509 million.
Taxes from production of fuels and minerals, and lease payments on state lands have been set aside by legislative acts to endow two permanent funds worth about $ 5.65 billion, ____9____ In addition, during fiscal year 1991 , payments to New Mexico from taxes on federal lands were S 108 million, all earmarked for public education.
____10____ About $566 million came from taxes and permanent-fund earnings attributable to oil and gas production. ____11____ Tourism is an important industry in Mew Mexico, yet its economic impact on the public sector is dwarfed by that of mineral production.
New Mexico came through the recent recession in much better shape than most other states. It does not have a deficit. ____12____ States that rely primarily on a sales tax or on an income tax have big problems during economic downturns. Income growth per head in New Mexico averaged 6.1/00 in the year to October 1992-one if the fastest growth rates in the United States.
Charles Chapin
Example: C
A. That it has a broadly based tax structure is an important point.
B. In 1992 it produced more oil than Colorado and Kansas combined.
C. However, the extractive mineral industry in New Mexico is one of the state’s strongest economic forces.
D. During fiscal year 1992 New Mexico raised permanent funds worth about $6.1 billion.
E. The combined value of oil and gas production was $ 2.8 billion.
F. Some 16,000 employees work in the extractive industries and their wages are among the highest of any major industry.
G. The $39 million earned by these funds in 1991 was used to finance education and other public services.
H. Only S 25 million came from agricultural taxes.
I. New Mexico’s extractive mineral industries contribute about a third of the state’s $ 1.9 billion general-fund income in fiscal year 1991.
7、
Questions 17-20
• Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 17-20 with a phrase A-G from the list below.
• For each question 17-20, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.
• Do not use any letter more than once.
17 Most people agree that the recent increase in stress is due to changes in ____________.
18 The trainees are taught that the right level of stress at work is important for good.
19 Trainees learn that one way of limiting stress is by deciding upon.
20 One of the most important parts of the course is learning how to react to___
A levels of performance
B shorter deadlines
C employment practices
D higher levels of sickness
E unfair demands
F successful management structure
G practical targets
簡答題
8、• Read the article below about the winner of a business award .
• In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word . It is either grammatically incorrect or
doesn’t fit in the meaning of the text . Some lines, however, are correct .
• If a line is correct , write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet .
• If there is a extra word in the line , write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTER on your Answer Sheet.
• The exercises begins with two examples , (0) and (00) .
Examples
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0 |
T |
H |
A |
T |
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C |
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THE COST OF NOT TRAINING |
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0 Training is not a cost . It’s an investment . It really doesn’t matter that what we pay 00 for an investment . What is relevant is what we get in return . One of the easiest 34 ways is to put an organization’s future at risk would be to view training primarily as 35 a cost , and therefore provide with substandard training that operates only as a 36 temporary solution . Many companies attempt to quantify as the results of training. For 37 example , a person paid $50,000 a year who wastes just one hour a day costs the 38 organization between $6,250 per year . So if the organization sends 25 people for 39 training and they all receive the same benefit , this would equal from $156,250 40 savings per year . A few of years ago , training , apart from showing employees 41 what the basics of doing the job , was an optional extra for most organizations . 42 Today this is no longer than the case . If we continue doing what we do in the same way , 43 most of us and our organizations will become obsolete within the five years . This is 44 because of our competitors are helping their staff to become more effective through 45 training . They understand that if the real price of not training is the company falling behind as a result . |
9、• Read the article below about the winner of a business award .
• In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word . It is either grammatically incorrect or
doesn’t fit in the meaning of the text . Some lines, however, are correct .
• If a line is correct , write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet .
• If there is a extra word in the line , write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTER on your Answer Sheet.
• The exercises begins with two examples , (0) and (00) .
Examples
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0 |
C |
O |
R |
R |
E |
C |
T |
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00 |
I |
T |
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INCREASING CUSTOMERS LOYALTY |
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0 Customers are not revolutionaries. They are attracted to be the certainty of knowing that 00 what they buy it will be good value for money or will perform a particular task effectively. 34 They are cautious but their loyalty , without once achieved , is the key to business success. 35 Brands can help to create customer loyalty by providing us a signpost to certainty and 36 safety . Ideally , when a customer sees off a product , it leads to a range of positive thoughts 37 so that the product is being bought . Unfortunately , only a small number of products have 38 reached to this level . While everyone in business is aware of the need to attract and 39 retain customers , that they often overlook the second , more important , half of the 40 equation . In the excitement of beating against the competition and securing orders, 41 managers often fail to ensure that the customer remains a customer . It has been 42 estimated that since the average company loses between 10 to 30% of its customers 43 every year and this only recently have organizations started to wake up to these lost 44 opportunities and to calculate the financial implications . Established customers often 45 buy more and, in the addition , they may also provide free word-of-mouth advertising. |
10、 • Read the article below about the winner of a business award .
• In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word . It is either grammatically incorrect or
doesn’t fit in the meaning of the text . Some lines, however, are correct .
• If a line is correct , write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet .
• If there is a extra word in the line , write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTER on your Answer Sheet.
• The exercises begins with two examples , (0) and (00) .
Examples
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0 |
C |
O |
R |
R |
E |
C |
T |
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00 |
T |
H |
E |
Y |
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THE ART OF DELEGATION |
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0 Are you one of these people who don’t trust anyone else to do what needs to be 00 done ? Some managers they can’t bear anyone else to help them in any way . They 34 don’t believe that anyone can do such a job as well as they can . It is not surprising 35 that they get overwhelmed by work and complain that they have so far too much 36 to do, but it could be argued that it is by their own fault. If they learnt to delegate, 37 they would have much more time available. Besides the saving time and freeing 38 them to concentrate on tasks that are important, delegating also benefits to the 39 company. As if managers delegate effectively, their staff will become more skilled and 40 committed. Asking staff to take those decisions improves their efficiency and 41 morale. This will contribute it not only to the success of the team, but to the success 42 of the company as a whole. More importantly, it will also show how good that a 43 person’s managerial skills are, which is useful when candidates are considered for 44 promotion. Trusting other people to do a job properly and in providing them with the 45 opportunity to do so is therefore an essential management skill in all the workplace of today. |