How to Argue with your Boss
Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss’s secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the boss’s secretary, there are keys to timing: don’t approach the boss when he’s on deadline’; don’t go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed; don’t go in just before or after he has taken a vacation.
If you’re mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And don’t let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then , maybe he will dismiss you.
Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.
Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you can’t put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem . People who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find they can’t get past the secretary.
To deal effectively with a boss, it’s important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work you to achieve your goals.
練習：
Paragraph 2________
Paragraph 3________
Paragraph 4________
Paragraph 5________
A. Keep Your Voice Low All the Time
B. Put Yourself in the Boss’s Position
C. Propose Your Solution
D. Don’t Go in When You are Angry
E. Make the Issue Clear
F. Never Give in
If you want to ask the boss for anything, it is important to find out first________.
It is necessary to make clear to the boss____________
It is not wise to present the boss with a problem___________
You must be considerate and think of the troubles__________
A. to give the boss your advice
B. how he is feeling
C. the boss may have
D. what you really want to talk to him about
E. without suggesting a way to solve it
F. how unhappy you are
答案及解析：
1.文章標題分析：How to Argue with your Boss
Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss’s secretary to determine his mood.
分析：注意到句子使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，這表明是對客觀情況的描述。
補充：
argue with v. 與某人議論
argue vi. 爭論, 爭辯, 辯論
e.g. argue for [against] a proposal辯論贊成[反對]某項建議
2.對概括大意備選項進行分析，注意抓住核心詞。
A. Keep Your Voice Low All the Time
B. Put Yourself in the Boss’s Position
C. Propose Your Solution
D. Don’t Go in When You are Angry
E. Make the Issue Clear
F. Never Give in (該選項內(nèi)容與A正好相反，所以猜測A和F中可能會出現(xiàn)一個選項)
補充：
Propose vt, vi 建議
Synonyms: suggest, recommend
e.g. He proposed that we should go for a walk.
他提議我們?nèi)ド⒉健?BR> give in v.投降, 屈服, 讓步
give up v.放棄(念頭、希望等), 停止
3.看指定段落，確認段落小標題。
A. Keep Your Voice Low All the Time
B. Put Yourself in the Boss’s Position
C. Propose Your Solution
D. Don’t Go in When You are Angry
E. Make the Issue Clear
F. Never Give in
2 If you’re mad, that will only make your boss mad(mad與D中的Angry呼應). Calm down first. And don’t let a particular concern open the floodgates (水門/閘門)for all your accumulated frustration(挫折/積怨). The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then, maybe he will dismiss you. (陳述某種情況的結果，而這種情況可以成為D出現(xiàn)的理由)
D.分析：該段落中沒有明顯的特征詞/短語重復出現(xiàn)的特點，注意到短首句的用詞特點和段未句的語意，判斷答案為D。
補充：
keep/find/make/leave n./pron. adj.
e.g. make me happy/sad; leave me alone; find it important.
It is/was adj. /n. to do sth./ that../doing sth.
e.g. It is necessary for us to arrive at school on time.
Dismiss vt解雇;開除; 解散;遣散 e.g. He was dismissed from his job. 他被解雇了。
e.g. dismiss a class/下課
比較：
fire: vt. 解雇
e.g. Youre fired. 你被解雇了
Pack up v. 打好旅行用的行李, 停止;結束
e.g. He was told by the boss to pack up.老板把他解雇了
send sb. packing把…趕走;炒…魷魚;即刻把人解雇
e.g. She tried to interfere, but I sent her packing!
她企圖干預，我把她趕走了。
lay off(臨時)解雇
A. Keep Your Voice Low All the Time
B. Put Yourself in the Boss’s Position
C. Propose Your Solution
E. Make the Issue Clear
F. Never Give in
3 Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.
E.分析：段落中近義結構的反復出現(xiàn)直接暗示段落中心E。
補充：
get across (to)被理解;使人了解
e.g. Did your speech get across to the crowd?
你的演說聽眾理解嗎?
比較：
put across 解釋;表達
e.g.Im not putting my meaning across very well.我未把我的意思解釋清楚。
go away v.走開
neither adv也不
e.g. He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly.
他回答了我的問題,但是他說得又快又不清楚。
A. Keep Your Voice Low All the Time
B. Put Yourself in the Boss’s Position
C. Propose Your Solution
F. Never Give in
4 Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you can’t put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find they can’t get past the secretary.
C.分析：段落中solution的重復出現(xiàn)，和段落中與該詞語意相近的結構(how to approach the problem)的出現(xiàn)，共同揭示C是答案。
補充：
put forward 提出(意見、建議)，推薦;提名;把時針向前撥(= put on)
e.g. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low.
1860年,一個名叫威廉.婁的英國人提出了一項更好的計劃。
at least adv.至少
at most adv.至多
approach vt, vi 走近， 開始考慮;開始著手, n. 接近, 方法
e.g. We approached the museum. 我們走近博物館。
e.g. He approached the idea with caution. 他開始認真地考慮那個主意。
e.g. approaching 5 million 接近500萬
A. Keep Your Voice Low All the Time
B. Put Yourself in the Boss’s Position
F. Never Give in
5 To deal effectively with a boss, it’s important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work you to achieve your goals.
分析：段落中直接出現(xiàn)了與B呼應的結構，所以直接確認答案B。
補充：
incline： v. (常與to, towards連用)傾向于，使認為
e.g. What he said inclines me to think that he will agree to our plan.
他的話使我覺得他會同意我們的計劃的
e.g. I incline to fatness. 我有些發(fā)胖。
對于該部分題注意利用語法和搭配句意判斷答案。
A. to give the boss your advice
B. how he is feeling
C. the boss may have
D. what you really want to talk to him about
E. without suggesting a way to solve it
F. how unhappy you are
If you want to ask the boss for anything, it is important to find out first ________.
B.分析：find out后需要跟賓語，而B，D，F(xiàn)都可以作賓語成分，在借助搭配句意和原文：
Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss’s secretary to determine his mood。
補充：
find out v.找出, 發(fā)現(xiàn), 查明(真相等)
A. to give the boss your advice
C. the boss may have
D. what you really want to talk to him about
E. without suggesting a way to solve it
F. how unhappy you are
It is necessary to make clear to the boss____________
D.分析：make clear(把。。表述清楚)后需要跟賓語，而D，F(xiàn)都可以作賓語成分，借助搭配句意選擇答案D。
A. to give the boss your advice
C. the boss may have
E. without suggesting a way to solve it
F. how unhappy you are
It is not wise to present the boss with a problem___________
E.分析：根據(jù)搭配句意和對文章大意的理解選擇E(作狀語)
補充：
Without: prep沒有;缺乏
e.g. He won the first prize in the speech contest without much effort.
他沒費多少勁就獲得了演講比賽一等獎。
e.g. Without a moments hesitation, she jumped into the river to save the drowning girl.