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Lesson 25 The Cutty Sark “卡蒂薩克”號(hào)帆船
One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich. She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year. She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia. The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae. Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England. This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead. It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck. In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was danger that if she travelled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead. After crossing the equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays. There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
Language points
(Attention： The following points are not covered by the video. It is better for you to watch the video or listen to the MP3 first and try to take notes on your own. Then you may check here to get more details. )
1, One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century
one of the most famous ...最的......之一.
2, She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past.
serve as:(=act as )“起…作用”
impressive reminder :深刻的印象，作為......的回憶
3， The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae
match:( = be equal to )與......相匹敵，相比
match in / for.
4, The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae.
動(dòng)詞不定式to作定語(yǔ)，修飾the only other ship
5, It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
marked the end of : 標(biāo)志…的結(jié)束.
6, The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead.
take the lead: 處于地位== go into the lead
lose the lead: 失去地位
in the lead: 處于地位(狀態(tài))
take over the lead: 取得地位
7, In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away.
...was struck by a very heavy storm... 嚴(yán)重地遇到了雨/雪
be caught in the rian/snow 遇到了雨/雪
during 介詞，用于關(guān)系代詞which 之前，during the race, during the storm.
8, After crossing the equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead.
all in at: (船)?？浚?人)拜訪
to = in order to, so as to “目的是”
9, Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays
considering 連接詞，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)完整的語(yǔ)句
considering that考慮到………
So we should forgive him considering that he is ill badly.
10, There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
There is no doubt that...==without any doubt “毫無(wú)疑問“
There is some doubt + wh- ...
Eg.: There is no doubt that he is guilty.
There is some doubt whether he is guilty.
if ----與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬
(二冊(cè)L71 P320)：If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected.
If you talked less and ate more, we would both enjoy our dinner. (二冊(cè)：L40 P182).
Key structures
定語(yǔ)從句(四)
學(xué)地道的英語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)重要的練習(xí)方法：parallel writing, and reverse translation，即平行寫作和逆翻譯。所謂平行寫作，就是模仿英語(yǔ)的句子寫類似的句子。而逆翻譯就是先把英語(yǔ)譯成漢語(yǔ)，或根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)的譯文，再把漢語(yǔ)翻譯成英語(yǔ)，再把英語(yǔ)譯文同原文比較，分析差異。這兩種方法能避免漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ)。
He did well in the physics exam, which surprised me.
他物理考得很好，這使我很吃驚。
請(qǐng)把這句話逆翻譯。有的同學(xué)會(huì)翻譯為：He did well in the physics exam, this surprised me. 這句話錯(cuò)在什么地方呢?錯(cuò)在句法。這句話有兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，是兩個(gè)并列的分句，但沒有連詞(this 是代詞)，這就成了串句。
Exercises
Multiple choices
1,The fame of the Cutty Sark rests mainly upon _____ .
a. the number of tourists who come to visit her annually
b. her likeness to other great sailing ships of the past
c. her being one of the last and one of the fastest of a line of great sailing ships
d. her victory in the race against the Thermopylae
2,The race which took place between the Cutty Sark and the Thermopylae was _____ .
a. a landmark in the history of shipping
b. held to celebrate the invention of the steamship
c. held especially for sailing ships on the route from Shanghai to London
d. unusually slow because the Cutty Sark lost her ruddeer en route
Translation
3，既然沒有更合適的東西，那就用沙發(fā)當(dāng)床吧。
4，He is a very impressive public speaker.
5，紙和筆正在被計(jì)算機(jī)所替代。
6，他很咬文嚼字，而我不。
7，我什么也沒說(shuō)，這使她很生氣。
8，沒去看演出，這很遺憾。
Lesson 25 The Cutty Sark “卡蒂薩克”號(hào)帆船
One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich. She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year. She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia. The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae. Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England. This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead. It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck. In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was danger that if she travelled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead. After crossing the equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays. There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
Language points
(Attention： The following points are not covered by the video. It is better for you to watch the video or listen to the MP3 first and try to take notes on your own. Then you may check here to get more details. )
1, One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century
one of the most famous ...最的......之一.
2, She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past.
serve as:(=act as )“起…作用”
impressive reminder :深刻的印象，作為......的回憶
3， The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae
match:( = be equal to )與......相匹敵，相比
match in / for.
4, The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae.
動(dòng)詞不定式to作定語(yǔ)，修飾the only other ship
5, It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
marked the end of : 標(biāo)志…的結(jié)束.
6, The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead.
take the lead: 處于地位== go into the lead
lose the lead: 失去地位
in the lead: 處于地位(狀態(tài))
take over the lead: 取得地位
7, In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away.
...was struck by a very heavy storm... 嚴(yán)重地遇到了雨/雪
be caught in the rian/snow 遇到了雨/雪
during 介詞，用于關(guān)系代詞which 之前，during the race, during the storm.
8, After crossing the equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead.
all in at: (船)?？浚?人)拜訪
to = in order to, so as to “目的是”
9, Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays
considering 連接詞，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)完整的語(yǔ)句
considering that考慮到………
So we should forgive him considering that he is ill badly.
10, There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
There is no doubt that...==without any doubt “毫無(wú)疑問“
There is some doubt + wh- ...
Eg.: There is no doubt that he is guilty.
There is some doubt whether he is guilty.
if ----與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬
(二冊(cè)L71 P320)：If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected.
If you talked less and ate more, we would both enjoy our dinner. (二冊(cè)：L40 P182).
Key structures
定語(yǔ)從句(四)
學(xué)地道的英語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)重要的練習(xí)方法：parallel writing, and reverse translation，即平行寫作和逆翻譯。所謂平行寫作，就是模仿英語(yǔ)的句子寫類似的句子。而逆翻譯就是先把英語(yǔ)譯成漢語(yǔ)，或根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)的譯文，再把漢語(yǔ)翻譯成英語(yǔ)，再把英語(yǔ)譯文同原文比較，分析差異。這兩種方法能避免漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ)。
He did well in the physics exam, which surprised me.
他物理考得很好，這使我很吃驚。
請(qǐng)把這句話逆翻譯。有的同學(xué)會(huì)翻譯為：He did well in the physics exam, this surprised me. 這句話錯(cuò)在什么地方呢?錯(cuò)在句法。這句話有兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，是兩個(gè)并列的分句，但沒有連詞(this 是代詞)，這就成了串句。
Exercises
Multiple choices
1,The fame of the Cutty Sark rests mainly upon _____ .
a. the number of tourists who come to visit her annually
b. her likeness to other great sailing ships of the past
c. her being one of the last and one of the fastest of a line of great sailing ships
d. her victory in the race against the Thermopylae
2,The race which took place between the Cutty Sark and the Thermopylae was _____ .
a. a landmark in the history of shipping
b. held to celebrate the invention of the steamship
c. held especially for sailing ships on the route from Shanghai to London
d. unusually slow because the Cutty Sark lost her ruddeer en route
Translation
3，既然沒有更合適的東西，那就用沙發(fā)當(dāng)床吧。
4，He is a very impressive public speaker.
5，紙和筆正在被計(jì)算機(jī)所替代。
6，他很咬文嚼字，而我不。
7，我什么也沒說(shuō)，這使她很生氣。
8，沒去看演出，這很遺憾。