1. 形容詞的位置：
代名形容詞＋數(shù)量形容詞＋性狀形容詞＋名詞
再細(xì)分如下：
1放在冠詞前的形容詞(all, both, such...)＋2冠詞、指示形容詞、所有形容詞、不定形容詞(the, a, an, this, that, your, some, any...)＋3序數(shù)(first, second...)＋4基數(shù)(one, two...)＋5性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)(kind, fine, good...)＋6大小、長(zhǎng)短、形狀(large, small, big...)＋7新舊、溫度(old, new, hot...)＋8顏色(red, blue...)＋9國(guó)籍(Chinese, English, Japanese...)＋10材料(iron, brick, stone...)＋11名詞、動(dòng)名詞(boy, house...)
2. some和any的用法：
（1）兩者修飾可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞，表某一個(gè)；任何一個(gè)； 修飾可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，表一些；有些。
〔2）一般的用法：some用于肯定句；any用于疑問(wèn)句，否定句或條件句。
I am looking for some matches.
Do you have any matches? I do not have any matches.
〔3）特殊的用法：
(A) 在期望對(duì)方肯定的回答時(shí)，問(wèn)句也用some。
Will you lend me some money? (=Please lend me some money.)
(B) any表任何或任何一個(gè)時(shí)，也可用于肯定句。
Come any day you like.
（4）some和any后沒(méi)有名詞時(shí)，當(dāng)做代名詞， 此外兩者也可做副詞。
Some of them are my students.〔代名詞）
Is your mother any better?（副詞）
3. many和much的用法：
〔1）many修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表許多； much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表量或程度。
He has many friends, but few true ones.
There hasn't been much good weather recently.
（2）many a:
many a和many同義，但語(yǔ)氣比較強(qiáng)，并且要與單數(shù)名詞及單數(shù)形動(dòng)詞連用。
Many a prisoner has been set free. (=Many prisoners have been set free.)
〔3〕as many和so many均等于the same number of。 前有as, like時(shí), 只用so many。
These are not all the books I have. These are as many more upstairs.
They worked like so many ants.
（4）as much等于the same amount of, 表同量和同一事情。
He bought two pounds of sugar and as much tea. 〔同量）
I was not in the least surprised, for I had fully expected as much. 〔同一事情）
（5）many和much之后不接名詞時(shí)，作為代名詞；另外much也可用副詞。
Many of them were very tired.
I don't eat much for lunch. 〔代名詞）
He is much taller than I. （副詞〕
4. (a) few和(a) little的用法：
(1) (a) few用在復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，(a) little用在不可數(shù)名詞之前。
He took a few biscuits. (=several)
He took few biscuits(=not many)
He took a little butter. (=some)
He took little butter. (=not much)
(2) few可由bardly any或almost no所取代，含否定的意味。
The composition is well written; it has few (=hardly any) mistakes.
Few (=Almost no) men can solve it.
(3) a few相當(dāng)于some, several, 含肯定的意味。
He has a few (=some or several) friends.
(4) a little和little之間的差別，就和a few和few的差別一樣，只是(a) little須修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表量或程度。
He grows worse; there is little hope of his recovery.
He is not much better, but there is a little hope.
5. 其他的數(shù)量形容詞：
(1) plenty of, a lot of, lots of均表許多，修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。
The room contained plenty of (or a lot of or lots of) students.（復(fù)數(shù)名詞）
The room contained plenty of (or a lot of or lots of) furniture.（不可數(shù)名詞）
(2) a great (or a good) deal of, a large (or a small) quantity of, a large (or a small) amount of, 均表（量）， 修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
The room contained a great deal of furniture. （不可數(shù)名詞）
The room contained a good deal of furniture. （不可數(shù)名詞）
The room contained a large quantity of furniture. （不可數(shù)名詞）
The room contained a large amount of furniture. （不可數(shù)名詞）
The room contained a small quantity of furniture. （不可數(shù)名詞）
The room contained a small amount of furniture. （不可數(shù)名詞）
(3) a number of "許多；一些"；a great (large, good) number of "許多"，修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，并且要與復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用。
A number of books are missing from the library.
The number of books from the library is large.
（the number of ＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞←→單數(shù)動(dòng)詞）
The room contained a great (or large or good) number of students.（復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞）
(4) enough的用法：
(A) 可接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。
There are enough chairs. （可數(shù)）
There is enough furniture. （不可數(shù)）
(B) 可放在年修飾名詞的前后。
We don't have enough time. =We don't have time enough.
(5) hundreds of, dozens of, thousands of, scores of ＋復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞
冠詞或數(shù)詞(one, two...) ＋ (hundred, dozen, thousand, score) 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞
(6) the rest of "其余的"， 可接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞，作主詞時(shí)，接可數(shù)名詞則用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞，接不可數(shù)名詞則用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。
The rest of the students are absent. （復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞）
The rest of the water was thrown away. 不可數(shù)名詞）
注：the rest作代名詞， 等于 the others， 和復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用。
6. 不可名詞量的表示語(yǔ)：
(1) 不可數(shù)名詞可加表單位的形容片語(yǔ)，表示數(shù)的觀念。其公式為：
數(shù)詞＋單位詞＋of＋不可數(shù)名詞
(2) 各類(lèi)表單位的形容詞片語(yǔ)。
(A) 物質(zhì)名詞：
a piece (suit) of armour;
a piece (slice) of cake;
a piece (an article) of furniture;
a piece of jewelry;
a piece (sheet) of paper;
a cake of soap;
a piece (slice) of bacon;
a piece (stick) of chalk;
a bit (blade) of grass;
a piece (strip) of land;
a bit (grain) of rice;
a bowl of soup;
(B) 抽象名詞
a word of abuse;
an item (a bit) of business;
an attack of fever;
a bit (an amount) of interest;
a fit of passion;
a piece (word) of advice;
a piece of evidence;
a piece (an item) of information;
a piece (an item) of news;
(C) 自然現(xiàn)象：
a flash of lightening;
a bolt of thunder;
7. 名詞種類(lèi)的表示語(yǔ)：kind of, sort of, type of,
(1) 三者都可接可數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞，其后的冠詞a (an)常被省略。
What kind of (a) pencil did you buy?
I don't like that sort of game.
(2) kind of, sort of, type of之前可加a, the, some, any, etc.
I had a kind of suspicion that he was cheating.
(3) 比較下列用法：（加*表非正式用法）
I don't like this (*those) kind of person.
I don't like many (or these) kinds of roses.
I like this kind of flower.
I like flowers of this kind.
I like *these kind of flowers.
I like this kind of roses.
I like roses of this kind. （置名詞后更強(qiáng)調(diào)種類(lèi)）
I like roses of these kinds.（置名詞后更強(qiáng)調(diào)種類(lèi)）
8. 數(shù)詞：
(1) 基數(shù)(Cardinal numerals)：one, two, three...
(A) 除one接單數(shù)名詞外，其余均接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。
He has one sister and three brothers.
(B) hundred的后面須加and（但可以省略）。
12,345 = twelve thousand three hundred (and) forty five;
(2) 序數(shù)(Ordinal mumerals)：first, second, third...
(A) 序數(shù)前面必須附以定冠詞。而a second, a third等，則是another的意思。
(B) 日期多用序數(shù)。
It's on Friday, the fifth of October (= October the fifth = October 15th).
(C) 序數(shù)的簡(jiǎn)體。
9th = the ninth; 12th = the twelfth; 16th = the sixteenth;
(3) 分?jǐn)?shù)：
(A) 分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法：第一，分子用基數(shù)，分母用序數(shù)。第二，分子大于2時(shí)，分母須加"s"以形成復(fù)數(shù)。
1/2 = a (one) half; 1/3 = a (one) third; 2/3 = two-thirds; 1/4 = a (one) quarter;
(B) 分?jǐn)?shù)可接與不可數(shù)名詞；所接的名詞是單數(shù)，則與單數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用，是復(fù)數(shù)則與復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用。
A third of the peach was bad.
A third of the bananas were bad.
(4) 倍數(shù)詞：常用的有half, double, treble（三倍）等。
(A) half a, a half, half the ＋名詞，表（一半的）。
He ran a half mile in half an hour.
He ran half a mile in half an hour.
I have read half the book.
(B) half還可作名詞，代名詞及副詞。
Two halves make a whole. （名詞）
This is half as much again as that. （副詞）
(C) 倍數(shù)常用的表達(dá)法：
(half; double; treble; twice; two times; three times; four times...) ＋定冠詞或所有形容詞＋名詞或所有代名詞
I had to pay double (= twice) the usual fare.
That window is three times the size of this.
9. "數(shù)詞＋名詞"結(jié)合而成的形容詞：
(1) 數(shù)詞＋名詞＝形容詞
a five-dollar bill;
two three-hour periods;
the Three-power Conference(三強(qiáng)會(huì)議);
(2) 數(shù)詞＋名詞＋形容詞＝形容詞
a six-year-old boy;
a three-hundred-year-old tree;
注：上述的復(fù)合字是以hyphen(-)連結(jié)，而且其中的名詞要用單數(shù)形式。
(3) 名詞（無(wú)冠詞）＋基數(shù)＝the ＋序數(shù)＋名詞
World War Ⅱ= World War Two or the Second World War;
Vol. Ⅰ= Volume One or the First Volume;
Page 4 = page four or the fourth page;
Lesson 6 = lesson Six or the Sixth Lesson;
Chap. Ⅲ = Chapter Three or the Third Chapter;
Charles Ⅰ= Charles the First;
cf. Napoleon the Great = the Great Napoleon;
這幾種用法，非專(zhuān)有名詞，可不用大寫(xiě)，但等號(hào)兩邊須一致。〕
(4) "數(shù)詞＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞"作主詞，雖為復(fù)數(shù)形，但強(qiáng)調(diào)單一性，則用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。若強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)一個(gè)的個(gè)別數(shù)，則用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。
Thirty minutes is sufficient for a good sermon.
Fifty dollars a month is a large sum in our eyes, but is nothing to him.
cf. Ten years have passed since I saw you last.
10. 各種數(shù)字的讀法：
(1) 年號(hào)的讀法：
1979←→nineteen seventy-nine or nineteen hundred (and) seventy-nine;
(2) 電話(huà)號(hào)碼；貨幣的讀法：
1023←→one o two three; 1227←→one double two (or two two) seven; $4.25←→four dollars (and) twenty-five (cents);
(3) 小數(shù)點(diǎn)的讀法：
13.91←→thirteen decimal (point) nine one; 0.23 = nought demical two three;
(4) 算術(shù)式的讀法：
2+3=5 Two plus three is (equals, is equal to) five.
5-3=2 Five minus three is equal to two.
3×2=6 Three times two is six. or Three by two are six.
9÷3=3 Nine divided by three makes three.
代名形容詞＋數(shù)量形容詞＋性狀形容詞＋名詞
再細(xì)分如下：
1放在冠詞前的形容詞(all, both, such...)＋2冠詞、指示形容詞、所有形容詞、不定形容詞(the, a, an, this, that, your, some, any...)＋3序數(shù)(first, second...)＋4基數(shù)(one, two...)＋5性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)(kind, fine, good...)＋6大小、長(zhǎng)短、形狀(large, small, big...)＋7新舊、溫度(old, new, hot...)＋8顏色(red, blue...)＋9國(guó)籍(Chinese, English, Japanese...)＋10材料(iron, brick, stone...)＋11名詞、動(dòng)名詞(boy, house...)
2. some和any的用法：
（1）兩者修飾可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞，表某一個(gè)；任何一個(gè)； 修飾可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，表一些；有些。
〔2）一般的用法：some用于肯定句；any用于疑問(wèn)句，否定句或條件句。
I am looking for some matches.
Do you have any matches? I do not have any matches.
〔3）特殊的用法：
(A) 在期望對(duì)方肯定的回答時(shí)，問(wèn)句也用some。
Will you lend me some money? (=Please lend me some money.)
(B) any表任何或任何一個(gè)時(shí)，也可用于肯定句。
Come any day you like.
（4）some和any后沒(méi)有名詞時(shí)，當(dāng)做代名詞， 此外兩者也可做副詞。
Some of them are my students.〔代名詞）
Is your mother any better?（副詞）
3. many和much的用法：
〔1）many修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表許多； much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表量或程度。
He has many friends, but few true ones.
There hasn't been much good weather recently.
（2）many a:
many a和many同義，但語(yǔ)氣比較強(qiáng)，并且要與單數(shù)名詞及單數(shù)形動(dòng)詞連用。
Many a prisoner has been set free. (=Many prisoners have been set free.)
〔3〕as many和so many均等于the same number of。 前有as, like時(shí), 只用so many。
These are not all the books I have. These are as many more upstairs.
They worked like so many ants.
（4）as much等于the same amount of, 表同量和同一事情。
He bought two pounds of sugar and as much tea. 〔同量）
I was not in the least surprised, for I had fully expected as much. 〔同一事情）
（5）many和much之后不接名詞時(shí)，作為代名詞；另外much也可用副詞。
Many of them were very tired.
I don't eat much for lunch. 〔代名詞）
He is much taller than I. （副詞〕
4. (a) few和(a) little的用法：
(1) (a) few用在復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，(a) little用在不可數(shù)名詞之前。
He took a few biscuits. (=several)
He took few biscuits(=not many)
He took a little butter. (=some)
He took little butter. (=not much)
(2) few可由bardly any或almost no所取代，含否定的意味。
The composition is well written; it has few (=hardly any) mistakes.
Few (=Almost no) men can solve it.
(3) a few相當(dāng)于some, several, 含肯定的意味。
He has a few (=some or several) friends.
(4) a little和little之間的差別，就和a few和few的差別一樣，只是(a) little須修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表量或程度。
He grows worse; there is little hope of his recovery.
He is not much better, but there is a little hope.
5. 其他的數(shù)量形容詞：
(1) plenty of, a lot of, lots of均表許多，修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。
The room contained plenty of (or a lot of or lots of) students.（復(fù)數(shù)名詞）
The room contained plenty of (or a lot of or lots of) furniture.（不可數(shù)名詞）
(2) a great (or a good) deal of, a large (or a small) quantity of, a large (or a small) amount of, 均表（量）， 修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
The room contained a great deal of furniture. （不可數(shù)名詞）
The room contained a good deal of furniture. （不可數(shù)名詞）
The room contained a large quantity of furniture. （不可數(shù)名詞）
The room contained a large amount of furniture. （不可數(shù)名詞）
The room contained a small quantity of furniture. （不可數(shù)名詞）
The room contained a small amount of furniture. （不可數(shù)名詞）
(3) a number of "許多；一些"；a great (large, good) number of "許多"，修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，并且要與復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用。
A number of books are missing from the library.
The number of books from the library is large.
（the number of ＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞←→單數(shù)動(dòng)詞）
The room contained a great (or large or good) number of students.（復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞）
(4) enough的用法：
(A) 可接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。
There are enough chairs. （可數(shù)）
There is enough furniture. （不可數(shù)）
(B) 可放在年修飾名詞的前后。
We don't have enough time. =We don't have time enough.
(5) hundreds of, dozens of, thousands of, scores of ＋復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞
冠詞或數(shù)詞(one, two...) ＋ (hundred, dozen, thousand, score) 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞
(6) the rest of "其余的"， 可接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞，作主詞時(shí)，接可數(shù)名詞則用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞，接不可數(shù)名詞則用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。
The rest of the students are absent. （復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞）
The rest of the water was thrown away. 不可數(shù)名詞）
注：the rest作代名詞， 等于 the others， 和復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用。
6. 不可名詞量的表示語(yǔ)：
(1) 不可數(shù)名詞可加表單位的形容片語(yǔ)，表示數(shù)的觀念。其公式為：
數(shù)詞＋單位詞＋of＋不可數(shù)名詞
(2) 各類(lèi)表單位的形容詞片語(yǔ)。
(A) 物質(zhì)名詞：
a piece (suit) of armour;
a piece (slice) of cake;
a piece (an article) of furniture;
a piece of jewelry;
a piece (sheet) of paper;
a cake of soap;
a piece (slice) of bacon;
a piece (stick) of chalk;
a bit (blade) of grass;
a piece (strip) of land;
a bit (grain) of rice;
a bowl of soup;
(B) 抽象名詞
a word of abuse;
an item (a bit) of business;
an attack of fever;
a bit (an amount) of interest;
a fit of passion;
a piece (word) of advice;
a piece of evidence;
a piece (an item) of information;
a piece (an item) of news;
(C) 自然現(xiàn)象：
a flash of lightening;
a bolt of thunder;
7. 名詞種類(lèi)的表示語(yǔ)：kind of, sort of, type of,
(1) 三者都可接可數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞，其后的冠詞a (an)常被省略。
What kind of (a) pencil did you buy?
I don't like that sort of game.
(2) kind of, sort of, type of之前可加a, the, some, any, etc.
I had a kind of suspicion that he was cheating.
(3) 比較下列用法：（加*表非正式用法）
I don't like this (*those) kind of person.
I don't like many (or these) kinds of roses.
I like this kind of flower.
I like flowers of this kind.
I like *these kind of flowers.
I like this kind of roses.
I like roses of this kind. （置名詞后更強(qiáng)調(diào)種類(lèi)）
I like roses of these kinds.（置名詞后更強(qiáng)調(diào)種類(lèi)）
8. 數(shù)詞：
(1) 基數(shù)(Cardinal numerals)：one, two, three...
(A) 除one接單數(shù)名詞外，其余均接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。
He has one sister and three brothers.
(B) hundred的后面須加and（但可以省略）。
12,345 = twelve thousand three hundred (and) forty five;
(2) 序數(shù)(Ordinal mumerals)：first, second, third...
(A) 序數(shù)前面必須附以定冠詞。而a second, a third等，則是another的意思。
(B) 日期多用序數(shù)。
It's on Friday, the fifth of October (= October the fifth = October 15th).
(C) 序數(shù)的簡(jiǎn)體。
9th = the ninth; 12th = the twelfth; 16th = the sixteenth;
(3) 分?jǐn)?shù)：
(A) 分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法：第一，分子用基數(shù)，分母用序數(shù)。第二，分子大于2時(shí)，分母須加"s"以形成復(fù)數(shù)。
1/2 = a (one) half; 1/3 = a (one) third; 2/3 = two-thirds; 1/4 = a (one) quarter;
(B) 分?jǐn)?shù)可接與不可數(shù)名詞；所接的名詞是單數(shù)，則與單數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用，是復(fù)數(shù)則與復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用。
A third of the peach was bad.
A third of the bananas were bad.
(4) 倍數(shù)詞：常用的有half, double, treble（三倍）等。
(A) half a, a half, half the ＋名詞，表（一半的）。
He ran a half mile in half an hour.
He ran half a mile in half an hour.
I have read half the book.
(B) half還可作名詞，代名詞及副詞。
Two halves make a whole. （名詞）
This is half as much again as that. （副詞）
(C) 倍數(shù)常用的表達(dá)法：
(half; double; treble; twice; two times; three times; four times...) ＋定冠詞或所有形容詞＋名詞或所有代名詞
I had to pay double (= twice) the usual fare.
That window is three times the size of this.
9. "數(shù)詞＋名詞"結(jié)合而成的形容詞：
(1) 數(shù)詞＋名詞＝形容詞
a five-dollar bill;
two three-hour periods;
the Three-power Conference(三強(qiáng)會(huì)議);
(2) 數(shù)詞＋名詞＋形容詞＝形容詞
a six-year-old boy;
a three-hundred-year-old tree;
注：上述的復(fù)合字是以hyphen(-)連結(jié)，而且其中的名詞要用單數(shù)形式。
(3) 名詞（無(wú)冠詞）＋基數(shù)＝the ＋序數(shù)＋名詞
World War Ⅱ= World War Two or the Second World War;
Vol. Ⅰ= Volume One or the First Volume;
Page 4 = page four or the fourth page;
Lesson 6 = lesson Six or the Sixth Lesson;
Chap. Ⅲ = Chapter Three or the Third Chapter;
Charles Ⅰ= Charles the First;
cf. Napoleon the Great = the Great Napoleon;
這幾種用法，非專(zhuān)有名詞，可不用大寫(xiě)，但等號(hào)兩邊須一致。〕
(4) "數(shù)詞＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞"作主詞，雖為復(fù)數(shù)形，但強(qiáng)調(diào)單一性，則用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。若強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)一個(gè)的個(gè)別數(shù)，則用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。
Thirty minutes is sufficient for a good sermon.
Fifty dollars a month is a large sum in our eyes, but is nothing to him.
cf. Ten years have passed since I saw you last.
10. 各種數(shù)字的讀法：
(1) 年號(hào)的讀法：
1979←→nineteen seventy-nine or nineteen hundred (and) seventy-nine;
(2) 電話(huà)號(hào)碼；貨幣的讀法：
1023←→one o two three; 1227←→one double two (or two two) seven; $4.25←→four dollars (and) twenty-five (cents);
(3) 小數(shù)點(diǎn)的讀法：
13.91←→thirteen decimal (point) nine one; 0.23 = nought demical two three;
(4) 算術(shù)式的讀法：
2+3=5 Two plus three is (equals, is equal to) five.
5-3=2 Five minus three is equal to two.
3×2=6 Three times two is six. or Three by two are six.
9÷3=3 Nine divided by three makes three.