一 基本規(guī)律 (Basic rules)
1. Indefinite article (不定冠詞)
我們用 "a , an " 當(dāng)我們不知道他是諸多人或事中的哪一個(gè)：
* is one of many. ( 是許多個(gè)中的一個(gè))
He is an artist.(=there are many artists)
* is not unique. (不是的)
I have just bought a book
* has not been mentioned before. (之前沒有提到過)
There was a new student in class today.
2. Definite article (定冠詞)
我們用 " the " 當(dāng)我們知道他是諸多人或事中的哪一個(gè)：
* is unique (or unique in that context) (是的)
The Australian Prime Minister. (=there is only one)
I looked inside, the engine was in a terrible state. (=there is only one engine, in this case)
* has been mentioned before. (之前提到過)
The man gave me a ticket. I looked at it, and saw that the ticket was a single.
* is defined by the phrase which follows it. (要被接下來的短語詳細(xì)說明)
What is the new student's name?
3. No articles (無冠詞)
我們不用冠詞當(dāng)我們普遍地提及事物的時(shí)候：
* using plural or uncountable nouns (在使用復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí))
Do you like sport?
* with the names of people or places, but there are many exceptions (人名和地名的時(shí)候不用冠詞，但是地名有許多例外，下文一一介紹)
He is Professor Jones
4. Fixed phrases ( 固定短語)
有許多固定搭配需要用或者不用冠詞，我們應(yīng)該來單獨(dú)學(xué)習(xí)，他們包括：
a few at home at work at the beginning atthe end go to bed
go to the cinemas, shops, station in the world once a week
sixty kilometers an hour the next the other the other day
the same
二 經(jīng)常發(fā)生問題的區(qū)域 (Areas that often cause problems)
1. Jobs (工作)
如果有許多人做這個(gè)工作我們用 a 或 an.：
My husband is an architect. (=there are many architects)
但是如果一個(gè)工作特別對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)人，我們就要用“the”了：
He is having talks with the French foreign minister(外交部長). (=there is only one)
2. Superlative (級(jí))
我們使用“the”在形容詞級(jí)前面：
She is the best person for the job.
3. Last and next
有一些形容詞如 “l(fā)ast” 和 “next ”同時(shí)可以用也可以不用定冠詞“the”但是句意會(huì)發(fā)生變化
I saw James last night. (=the one before this one)
It is the last night of our holiday. (=the fanal one)
I will see you next week.(=the one after this one)
4. Institutions: school, prison, university, church, home, hospital
和以上機(jī)構(gòu)連用時(shí)我們不用定冠詞“the”
My sister had to stay in hospital overnight.
然而，如果我們指的是這個(gè)建筑，我們就要用“the”
Our flat is opposite the hospital.
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