新概念英語第一冊自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀Lesson 143-144

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課文詳注 Further notes on the text
    1.is surrounded by,由……環(huán)繞著。
    2.hundreds of people,數(shù)以百計的(游)人。
    3.Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy.游客已被告知要保持樹林的整潔。
    句中 have been asked是被動語態(tài)的完成時結(jié)構(gòu)。(詳見本課語法部分。)to keep the woods clean and tidy是動詞不定式短語,作主語visitors的補足語。clean and tidy 是賓語 the woods 的賓語補足語。
    4.go for a walk,去散步。
    5.What I saw made me very sad.我所見到的一切使我非常難過。
    句中的主語What I saw 是 what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。
       語法 Grammar in use
    被動語態(tài)(2)
    上介紹了被動語態(tài)的一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時形式,這里介紹其現(xiàn)在完成時和一般將來時形式:
    (1)現(xiàn)在完成時形式: has/have + been + 過去分詞:
    The basket has already been emptied.
    籃子已經(jīng)被騰空了。
    They have already been invited.
    他們已被邀請。
    (2)一般將來時形式: will/shall +be +過去分詞:
    The floor will be swept soon.
    地不久就會掃的。
    The knives will be sharpened soon.
    刀不久就會磨的。
    詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
    1.place v.
    (1)(小心地)放;放置:
    He placed the record back to the shelf.
    他把唱片放回到架子上。
    Their request placed me in a difficult position.
    他們的要求將我置于困境。
    (2)任命;安置:
    The company has placed him with a branch office in Tokyo.
    公司任命他在東京的一家分支機構(gòu)工作。
    There is no better way to place the homeless children.
    沒有更好的辦法來安置這些無家可歸的孩子們。
    2.prosecute v.
    (1)起訴,檢舉;依法處置:
    Trespassers will be prosecuted.
    閑人莫入,違者法辦。
    They prosecuted him for shoplifting.
    他們起訴他扒竊商店貨物。
    (2)〈書面語〉徹底進行;執(zhí)行:
    We are going to prosecute the investigation further.
    我們將進一步徹底進行調(diào)查。
    3.surround v.
    包圍;圍繞:
    The beautiful white house is surrounded by green trees.
    那所漂亮的白房子被綠樹環(huán)繞著。
    That old professor loved to surround himself with young people.
    那位老教授非常喜歡年輕人圍在他左右。
    When I went into the room, I saw Tim sitting on the floor surrounded by boxes.
    當(dāng)我走進房間時,我看到蒂姆正坐在地板上,他的周圍到處都是盒子。